• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2023

The manufacturing industry is the backbone of the Korean economy. Among them, the petrochemical industry is a strategic growth industry, which makes a profit through reexports based on eminent technology in South Korea which imports all of its crude oil. South Korea imports whole amount of crude oil, which is the raw material for many manufacturing industries, by sea transportation. Therefore, it must respond swiftly to a highly volatile tanker freight market. This study aimed to make an early warning model of crude oil shipping market using a signal approach. The crisis of crude oil shipping market is defined by BDTI. The overall leading index is made of 38 factors from macro economy, financial data, and shipping market data. Only leading correlation factors were chosen to be used for the overall leading index. The overall leading index had the highest correlation coefficient factor of 0.499 two months ago. It showed a significant correlation coefficient five months ago. The QPS value was 0.13, which was found to have high accuracy for crisis prediction. Furthermore, unlike other previous time series forecasting model studies, this study quantitatively approached the time lag between economic crisis and the crisis of the tanker ship market, providing workers and policy makers in the shipping industry with an framework for strategies that could effectively deal with the crisis.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.169-174
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• 2007

A huge marine accident causes a loss of valuable lives, property and the serious environmental contamination. In the IMO, active discussions about a potential occurrence possibility of marine accidents and appropriate place(place of refuge) to minimize the damage are being developed as appropriate transferring vessels which has a worry of a secondary marine environmental pollution from a previous marine accident Our country has a great potential et marine accidents due to the foreign vessel in distress because there is a huge vessel traffic amounts of the passage since which locate with in the important navigation connects the Asian region. and North America centering around north Pacific Ocean Also, we need the minimize the secondary damage from accident which occurs in domestic ports as transferring safe쇼 place when it is needed In this paper, analyzed and investigated a designated the place of refuge that analyze foreign cases, and will make a efficient and reasonable investigating plan of interior place of refuge.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.94-99
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• 2011

EMU(Electric Multiple Unit) of Seoul Metro are equipped with air conditioning and six line flow fans for air circulation. In summer, the air conditioning and line flow fans usually work at the same time. Recently, high oil price leads more people to use public transportation, which in turn makes them feel hotter inside the rolling stocks and complain about air conditioning state. In order to improve indoor air quality in summer, it is inevitable to increase the cooling capacity of air conditioners, which costs a lot of money. Thus, we need to raise cooling efficiency by rearranging existing devices effectively. In this study, we found a better way to improve refreshment inside the trains by changing the operation method of line flow fans and door opening systems. The results will help improve the cooling efficiency of EMU in summer. Also, more precise experiments and analyses of our data can lead to various methods to increase energy efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.261-264
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• 2003

We try to distribute air pollution sources at target area. The complex method is used to distribute air pollution sources. Most of people, However, want to simple indicator as standard for express air pollution source. In many area, air pollution is caused by different types of sources. The general type is point source, such as tall stack of power plants and oil refineries stacks. A second type is areal source, such as local industry and transportation. In this aspect, the ratio of sulfur dioxide to nitrogen oxides (RSN =SO$_2$/NOx)is an indicator of air pollution source. the role of this ratio is to show the characteristics at target area of the relationship the point and the areal source. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.313-318
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• 2001

The cost of producing ready mixed concrete(remicon) has increased due to the rising cost of raw materials for concrete and transportation caused by the upturn of oil price. In contrast, its orders have also decreased due to the recession of the construction industry. In addition, the cost of delivery has decreased owing to the excessive competition among manufacturing companies, so manufacturing companies began mixing ground granulated blast-furnace slag or fly ash to lower the cost. However, there is no way to determine whether the strength of the concrete using the admixture is satisfied or dissatisfied with design strength at the early age. The purpose of this study is dedicated to early strength estimation of concrete mixed with an admixture, ground granulated blast-furnace slag.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.158-164
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• 2017

A pipeline is one of the most important structures for the transportation of fluids such as oil, natural gas, and wastewater. The uplift behavior of pipelines caused by earthquakes and buoyancy is one of the reasons for the failure of pipelines. The objective of this study is to examine the peak uplift resistance using parametric studies with numerical modeling of PLAXIS 3D Tunnel. The effects of burial depth and pipe diameter on the uplift resistance of loose and dense sand were first examined. Subsequently, the effects of the length of geogrid layers and the number of geogrid layers were examined to prevent uplift behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-52
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• 2002

According to International Maritime Organization. more than 50% of cargoes transported by sea today can be regarded as dangerous or hazardous ones, mainly consisting of chemical cargoes in bulk, likely solid or liquid and other materials, such as gases and products for and of the oil refinery industry. 46% of total cargoes handled in ports of Korea in 1999. is said to be dangerous cargoes. These dangerous and hazardous cargoes are quite within a high realms of possibility of accidents, likely to be grave disaster. This paper reviews current risk management system for the dangerous and hazardous cargoes sea-transportation, mainly focusing on the prevailing regal regimes in both USA and Korea. And it aims to suggest some points for advancing the existing Korean system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07b
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• pp.1303-1305
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• 2001

Photovoltaic(PV) and hydrogen are the high quality, clean-burning fuel which could replace oil and natural gas for transportation, heating and power generation. If hydrogen is made via PV-powered water electrolysis, it would be possible, in principle, to provide energy on global scale, with essentially no greenhouse gas emission and very low level of local pollution. In this paper, the operation control of PV-SPE system is briefly discussed and the simulation scheme of the system is also proposed.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.985-990
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• 2005

The success of road transportation, in dominating the surface movement of freight, is now threatened by increased traffic congestion, falling average motorway speed and rising in logistics costs, oil price. Due to the necessity for an effective transport system, we need to improve domestic transport infrastructure to reduce logistics cost by shifting to rail system. To analysis the demand characteristics in advance against these hypothetical circumstances, Stated Preference, which is called SP, approaches have been adopted to analysis the shipper's mode choice behaviors as RP(Revealed Preference) approaches are not appropriate. The results also indicate that the most effective policy to divert the freight volume from road to railway is to reduce freight rates for the railway with improved reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 1981

Since 1960 tankers and bulk carriers have rapidly increased in size up to 500, 000 dwt. in operating as main system of transportation for the international trade at sea, and studies are doing carried out by various groups with a view to increasing the size still further. However, the service speed of these ships has remained almost constant, and steering devices of them have nearly not changed, comparing with regular size of a dry cargo ship. This creats the dituation where stopping distance and advance are proportionally longer for larger ships. In case of collision at sea, these vessels have been arised some serious casualties, such as sinking, fire and oil pollution. This paper analyzers a study for the handling of super huge vessels to avoid collision at sea, basing on the results of the crash astern test and turning test of them.