• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.84-85
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• 2012

Continuous oil price rising and the regulation of carbon emmission makes companies to have higher competitiveness. because of this trend, companies are trying to establish and manage efficient logistics system to improve customer service and reduce cost, so more competitive logistics complex is needed. To construct this kind of logistics complex, proper policy and logistics system for transportation is necessary. Especially, efficient operation through establishing system of logistics at the complex is very important for low cost and environmental friendly point of view. So this paper presents logistics network operation model for efficient transportation, especially approaches the problem with Multi-Phase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

This study aims to develop and manufacture a device for inspecting impurities in a sealed aluminum container using an X-ray technique. Two X-ray oscillators and detectors are used to detect the entire sample. The stage for sample movement was fabricated using two high-voltage generators and X-ray detectors arranged diagonally. In addition, the high-voltage generator is composed of a vacuum tube, a high-voltage generator, and circulating oil for cooling. It includes a control unit for controlling other equipment, a power supply unit, and a video output unit; the most important part of the X-ray is the X-ray generation part. In this study, a flat panel was used along with the aim of developing the detector part. In particular, the development of the scintillator introduced in this study is a primary focus. The developed scintillator can be combined with a lens and can then be assembled with a charge coupled device (CCD) sensor.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.127-142
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• 2019

As Korea's steel industry exports 38 percent of its total steel production, the future management environment of the steel industry will change depending on the outcome of the FTA negotiations. The overall industrial structure of the domestic steel industry depends on the rules of origin, which are directly linked to the effect of concessionary tariffs. Therefore, negotiations on rules of origin are as important as tariff liberalization for Korea's steel industry. Korea's cold-rolled and plated companies are expected to be negatively affected as the country of origin standards of steel products have not considered the steel production processes in Korea. In future FTA talks, the country of origin rules should be agreed on a change of tariff classification basis. This result would secure a stable export market through increased predictability of steelmakers and reduce the risk of increased costs of oil and intangible products. In addition, the government should consider the structure of domestic supply and demand so that it does not impose constraints on the change of tariff classification. Finally, participants in the negotiations should consider the opinions of the domestic steel industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Piping systems comprising pumps and valves are essential in the power plant, oil, and defense industry. Their purpose includes a stable supply of the working fluid or ensuring the target system's safe operation. However, piping system accidents due to leakage of toxic substances, explosions, and natural disasters are prevalent In addition, with the limited maintenance personnel, it becomes difficult to detect, isolate, and reconfigure the damage of the piping system and recover the unaffected area. An autonomous recovery piping system can play a vital role under such circumstances. The autonomous recovery algorithms for the piping system can be divided into low-pressure control algorithms, hydraulic resistance control algorithms, and flow inventory control algorithms. All three methods include autonomous opening/closing logic to isolate damaged areas and recovery the unaffected area of piping systems. However, because each algorithm has its strength and weakness, appropriate application considering the overall design, vital components, and operating conditions is crucial. In this regard, preliminary research on algorithm's working principle, its design procedures, and expected damage scenarios should be accomplished. This study examines the characteristics of algorithms, the design procedure, and working logic. Advantages and disadvantages are also analyzed through simulation results for a simplified piping system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.7-17
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• 2022

The article discusses the problems caused by inflation in the developing Asia-Pacific region during the time of the worldwide pandemic and suggests innovative solutions to the problem. The reality is that some of the commodity groups from the consumer basket (e.g., non-seasonal fruits, electronics, furniture, hotel, and restaurant services, etc.) fail to reflect the needs of the low-income earners, which make the majority in developing countries. At the same time, the inflation targeting regime has become outdated and not reliable, because of uncontrolled exogenic factors (imported inflation, fluctuation in oil prices, supply chain disruption, Russia-Ukraine war, etc.) prevailing on endogenic factors and thus making it impossible to control the price stability, especially in developing countries. Since, the old-fashioned inflation index and inflation targeting mechanisms regrettably fail to fully reflect both the society and governmental/central banks' expectations, based on which we first should have better care and second create better policies; we propose to use a combination of already well-known indexes and policies, with the new statistical indicators, which reflects price fluctuations on the medication, utilities, and nutrition.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.53-62
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• 2017

Electric power which is the energy source of economy and industries requires long distance transportation due to regional difference between its production and consumption, and it is supplied through the multi-loop transmission and distribution system. Prior to its actual use, electric power flows through several transformations by voltage transformers in substations depending on the characteristics of each usage, and a transformer has the structure consisting of the main body, winding wire, insulating oil and bushings. A transformer fire that breaks out in substations entails the primary damage that interrupts the power supply to houses and commercial facilities and causes various safety accidents as well as the secondary economic losses. It is considered that causes of such fire include the leak of insulating oil resulting from the destruction of bottom part of bushings, and the chain reaction of fire due to insulating oil that reaches its ignition point within 1 second. The smoke detector and automatic fire extinguishing system are established in order to minimize fire damage, but a difficulty in securing golden time for extinguishing fire due to delay in the operation of detector and release of gas from the extinguishing system has become a problem. Accordingly, this study was carried out according to needs of active mechanism to prevent the spread of fire and block the leak of insulating oil, in accordance with the importance of securing golden time in extinguishing a fire in its early stage. A bushings fireproof structure was developed by applying the high temperature shape retention materials, which are expanded by flame, and mechanical flame cutoff devices. The bushings fireproof structure was installed on the transformer model produced by applying the actual standards of bushings and flange, and the full scale fire test was carried out. It was confirmed that the bushings fireproof structure operated at accurate position and height within 3 seconds from the flame initiation. It is considered that it could block the spread of flame effectively in the event of actual transformer fire.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 1994

Journal bearings in the rotating machineries are vulnerable to the contamination or the insufficient supply of lubricating oil, which is likely to be the cause of unexpected shutdown or malfunction of these systems. Various destructive and nondestructive testing methods had been used for the reduction of maintenance cost and the operational safety problems due to the accidents related to bearing damages. In this experimental approach, acoustic emission monitoring is employed to the detection of incipient failure caused by intervention of foreign particles most probable in the journal bearing systems. Experimental schedules for the intervention of foreign particles was composed to be more quantitative and systematic than last study in consideration of minimum oil film thickness and particle size. The experiment was conducted under such designed conditions as inserting alumina particles to the lubrication layer in the simulated journal bearing system. Several parameters such as AE rms level, waveform, AE energy distribution and other AE event parameters are used for analysis and characterization of damage source. The results showed that the history of damage was well correlated with the changes of AE rms level and the type of damage source signal can be verified using other informations such as waveform, distributions of AE parameters etc.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.7 no.1_2 s.8
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• pp.19-27
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• 1999

Korea, an energy-resources-poor country, imports $100{\%}$ of its, oil and, natural gas supply, which accounts for the greater part of its total primary requirements. One of the important task of the government is diversification of available energy resources such as oil and natural gas. Natural gas hydrate, which is non-conventional types of natural gas, distributes worldwide, especially in marine and permafrost. It would become a target of natural gas resources in the near future. Especially sigrificant amount of hydrates are expected to be located in the East Sea around Korea Peninsular. This paper describes about a multi-year overall project framework of basic research and technological development of natural gas hydrate in Korea focused on the interpretation of the seismic survey, the characteristics and physical properties of the natural gas hydrate, and the utilizable technology of natural gas hydrates from the status of research and development of the world.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 1992

Since 1960's along with industrialization and urbanization, economic growth has been . achieved, however, at the same time, environmental condition has been seriously deteriorated. . Currently, volume of wastewater has been increasing at annual rate of 7% in sewage and 20% in industrial wastewater. However, the nation's sewage treatment serves only 33% of the municipal wastewater as of 1991. Major portion of air pollutants comes from combustion of oil and coal which comprise 81% of total energy use and emission gases from motor vehicles increasing at an accelerated rate. It is known that Korea generates the highest amount of waste per capta. Nevertheless, it is not sufficient to reduce the volume of waste by means of resources recovery and recycling. Recognizing the importance of global environmental problems such as ozone layer depletion, global warming and acid rain, international society has been making various efforts since the 1972 Stockholm conference. In particular, it is expected that the Rio conference which has adopted the Rio declaration and Agenda 21 will form a crucial turning point of the emerging new world order after the Cold War confrontation. To cope with such issues as domestic pollution and global environmental problems, the fundamental national policy aims at harmonizing "environmental protection and sustainable development". The Ministry of Environment has recently set up a mid-term comprehensive plan which includes annual targets for environmental protection. According to the government plan, gradual improvement of various environmental conditions and specific measures to achieve them is planned in time frame. Additional sewage treatment plants will be constructed in urban areas with the target to treat 65% of the nation's municipal sewage by 1996. Supply of clean fuels such as LNG will also be expanded starting from large cities as a cleaner substitute energy for coal and oil. In parallel with expansion of LNG, emphasis will be placed on installation of stack monitoring system. Due to the relatively limited land, government's basic policy for solid waste treatment is to develop large scale landfill facilities rather than small sized ones. Thirty three regional areas have been designated for the purpose of waste management. For each of these regions, big scale landfill site is going to be developed. To increase the rate of waste recycling the government is planning to reinforce separate collection system and to provide industries with economic incentives. As a part of meeting the changing situation on global environmental problems after UNCED, and accommodation regulatory measures stipulated in the global environmental conventions and protocols, national policy will try to alter industrial and economic structure so as to mitigate the increasing trends of energy consumption, by encouraging energy conservation and efficiency. In this regard, more attention will be given to the policy on the development of the cleaner technology. Ultimately, these policies and programs will contribute greatly to improving the current state of national public health.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.56-61
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• 2009

Paradigm depending only on fossil fuel for building heat source is rapidly changing. Accelerating the change, as it has been known, is obligation for reducing green house gas coming from use of fossil fuel, i.e. reaction to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In addition, factors such as high oil price, unstable supply, weapon of petroleum and oil peak, by replacing fossil fuel, contributes to advance of environmental friendly renewable energy which can be continuously reusable. Therefore, current new energy policies, beyond enhancing effectiveness of heat using equipments, are to make best efforts for national competitiveness. Our country supports 11 areas for new renewable energy including sun light, solar heat and wind power. Among those areas, ocean thermal energy specifies tidal power generation using tide of sea, wave and temperature differences, wave power generation and thermal power generation. But heat use of heat source from sea water itself has been excluded as non-utilized energy. In the future, sea water heat source which has not been used so far will be required to be specified as new renewable energy. This research is to survey local heating system in Europe using sea water, central solar heating plants, seasonal thermal energy store and to analyze large scale central solar heating plants in German. Seasonal thermal energy store necessarily need to be equipped with large scale thermal energy store. Currently operating central solar heating system is a effective method which significantly enhances sharing rate of solar heat in a way that stores excessive heat generating in summer and then replenish insufficient heat for winter. Construction cost for this system is primarily dependent on large scale seasonal heat store and this high priced heat store merely plays its role once per year. Since our country is faced with 3 directional sea, active research and development for using sea water heat as cooling and heating heat source is required for seashore villages and building units. This research suggests how to utilize new energy in a way that stores cooling heat of sea water into seasonal thermal energy store when temperature of sea water is its lowest temperature in February based on West Sea and then uses it as cooling heat source when cooling is necessary. Since this method utilizes seasonal thermal energy store from existing central solar heating plant for heating and cooling purpose respectively twice per year maximizing energy efficiency by achieving 2 seasonal thermal energy store, active research and development is necessarily required for the future.