• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.491-498
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• 2009

We studied to develop high-efficiency removal system of odor and VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) from environmental infrastructure facilities and oil refineries, painting facilities and so on. It can replace RTO and RCO. We tried an removal experiment for VOCs (toluene, xylene, benzene, MEK(methyl ethyl ketone), ethanol, formalin etc. and odor compounds (hydrogen sulfide, etc.). In process, as pre-treatment we used the scrubber with vortex flow (Multi-scrone) to remove the hydrophilic VOCs and as post-treatment, used fibrous bio-filter to remove the hydrophobic VOCs. This hybrid system remove with high efficiency both the hydrophilic VOCs and hydrophobic VOCs. And we tried to make this system to be compact. In experiment using Multi-scrone, contact time is 2~3 seconds and absorption scrubbing water is diaphragm-type electrolysis water. hydrophilic VOCs like ethanol and relatively hydrophilic odor compounds like hydrogen sulfide is excellent, these substances has been removed almost completely, respectively 95~99%, 93~97%. And for MEK, formalin also Showed a high removal efficiency, respectively 78~90%, 72~85%. But in experiment using Multi-scrone, the hydrophobic VOCs like BTX showed a low removal efficiency, respectively 16~22%, 12~18%, 8~16%. In hydrophobic VOCs, toluene removal experiment using fibrous bio-filter, early efficiency was low but after 10days, adaptation period showed high efficiency 85~95%. but in the mixed phase, toluene and MEK efficiency reduced 5~10%. this show microorganism treat first MEK easy to remove. The removal efficiency for MEK using the fibrous biofilter was stable, 80~92%. This hybrid system is also high economical efficiency for RTO. This system reduce more than 50% the cost of equipment and maintenance. As a result, we expect this technology is in the limelight as high efficiency treatment of VOCs in mid-low price.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.62-68
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• 2008

The Low Temperature Thermal Desorption (LTTD) System equipped with a soil transfer unit, a rotary kiln, RTO, cyclones and a bag filter etc. was developed. The LTTD system was designed to be economically operated using LPG as a fuel and recirculating the discharged gas from the LTTD system through RTO. For the performance test of LTTD system the soil contaminated with light and heavy oils (2,690 mg TPH/kg soil) and with particle sizes below 50 mm was fed into the rotary kiln of LTTD system at 7$m^3$/hr with retention time of 15 minutes. Operation temperatures of LTTD system for the removal of soil TPH were $567^{\circ}C$ and $692^{\circ}C$. The residual TPH after treatment was 46 mg/kg and 32mg/kg respectively at each temperature condition, which shows high TPH removal efficiencies of the developed LTTD as 98.3% and 98.9%.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.52-62
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• 1974

The fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergi (De Maan) is a very common species in Info-pacific region inhabiting both fresh and brackish waters in low land areas, and especially abundant in the lower reaches of most rivers which are influenced by seawater, It is one of the largest and commercial species of genus Macrobrachium. As a place of the researches to clear the possibilities of transplantation and propagation of this species in the Far East region the larval development, growth, optimum temperature and metamorphose rate up to first post larvae in aquaruim are cleared under the conditions of salinity $6.58-7.05\%_{\circ}$ Cl, pH 8.0-8.2, the rate of flow 0.3 liter per minute and illumination 3000 lux. Temperature ranged from 27.5 to $28.7^{\circ}C$ during the period of earlier larval development. For the study oil the relationship between temperature and metamorphose rate from zoea to first post larvae, the temperatures in experimental tank were $22.2^{\circ}C\pm1$, $26.1^{\circ}C\pm0.85$, $28.1^{\circ}C\pm0.34$, $30.4^{\circ}C\pm0.66$, $33.7^{\circ}C\pm0.66$, $33.7^{\circ}C\pm0.38$ and $36.8^{\circ}C\pm0.26$. During the work, food used for the larvae was Artemia salina nauplius in the filter-circulation aquariums. This species metamorphosed to the first post-larvae through eleven zoea stages, and the characters of each larval stage are described and optimum temperature for metamorphosis rate and survivals to the first post larvae is $28.1^{\circ}C\pm0.34$.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 1991

The skin and fleshy substance on the net fiber of sponge-gourd fruit pressed mechanically was removed with 0.2% NaOH solution in $3{\sim}5$ hours. The treatment of 0.2% NaOH with 0.02% Monopol(non-ionogenic polyoxethylen derivative) as surfactnat and with 0.1% $Ca(OCl)_2$ as bleaching agent enhanced the effect to remove the fleshy substance and improve the quality of net fiber. Also, the wet hardness and tensile strength of net fiber were controlled by the crosslinkage of the fiber with glu tardialdehyde, glyoxal, and formalin, respectively. The net fiber was stable on the acid and alkaline solutions. Also the range of temperature to degradate the fiber was $338{\sim}385^{\circ}C$. These values indicated a fair stability. The improved net fiber can be used for raw material of bath, dish washing, oil and gas filter, and many kinds of decorations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 1978

It is well known that water holding capacity plays an important role in processing such meat products as frankfurter-type sausage and fish meat paste products as kamaboko and fish sausage. Consumer qualities of meat products, such as appearance, flavor, as well as drip and shrinkage on cooking, depend greatly on the degree of water binding. In this paper, the water holding capacities of fish paste and salt added paste of white corvenia, Argyrosomus argentatus and file fish, Novodon modestus were measured by centrifuging and press method before and after cooking. And the effects of the addition of phosphates and starch to enhance water binding and stabilize gel formation were also discussed. In addition, the experimental conditions which are suitable to determine the water binding of fish meat paste product were suggested. The results were expressed in percent of water absorbed by the filter paper when pressed or released by pressor or centrifuge to the weight of sample. From the results. a proper condition to measure the water holding capacity of fish meat paste was that 3.0 g of sample which was previously added with 10 percent water was centrifuged at 13,400 G or 12,000 rpm for 15 minutes for the centriguging method and for press method, 0.3 g sample with 10 percent of water added was extracted by an oil pressor at $30\;kg/cm^2$ for 1 minute. Water holding capacity of fresh paste of white corvenia was relatively higher than that of file fish and the difference between species of fish was greater than the difference between measurments by two methods. Sodium chloride had a great effect on enhancing the water holding capacity of fish meat paste giving better effect when 3.0 percent of salt was added. Phosphates used except calcium phosphate revealed a certain enhancement in water binding, yielding best effect at 0.3 percent addition, and metaphosphate seemed to be more effective in order. The addition of corn starch, however, appeared to be not so effective for enhancement of water binding in fresh-salt-added fish meat paste but in cooked fish paste which might be attributed to absorption of water by starch grain and swelling during the heating and consequently enforced gel strength of cooked fish paste. And the water holding capacity of cooked fish paste was proportionally related to its gel strength.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2021

Recently, as a solution to the sharp drop in "power reserve ratio", it is being converted to a microgrid that enables bi-directional transmission and distribution. A microgrid is composed of a small-scale distributed power supply and a load. As a representative technology of distributed power generation, there is a Micro Combined Heat and Power system applied to homes and buildings. In this study, a safety standard was developed by dividing the power generation system, cooling system, lubrication system, and exhaust system to derive safety standards for a small gas engine power generation system with a gas consumption less than 232.6kW (200,000 kcal/h). In the case of the power generation system, a filter was installed and the system was stopped by detecting gas leakage and abnormalities in engine speed or output and the cooling system is stipulated to stop the system in case of insufficient cooling water or overheating. The lubrication system monitors the pressure and temperature of the lubricating oil and stops the system when an abnormality occurs, and the exhaust gas emission concentration regulation value was specified in accordance with domestic and foreign standards. Through the results of this study, it is judged that the safety of the gas engine power generation system can be improved and it can contribute to the commercialization of products.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.80-98
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• 2002

Taxus cuspidata Sieb selected cultivation as drug, food and decorative plant in Kyong-gi province in Korea. As a manufacturing method, there were extracted from 250g of dried-leaf and 300g of dried-stem with each 200g of BG, PG and water (to 100) mixing for 72 hour at 50$\pm$5$\^{C}$ and then they were filtered by 400-mesh filter. Appearance of extract of leaves was slight brown, pH=5.3$\pm$0.5, gravity was 1.012$\pm$0.05, and a reflective index was 1.375$\pm$0.05. And appearance of extract of stems was slightly dark brown, pH=5.4$\pm$0.5, gravity was 1.016$\pm$0.05, and a reflective index was 1.358$\pm$0.05. It was extracted oil from Taxus seed. Gravity was 0.922$\pm$0.05 and it should be obtained the 27.0$\pm$0.5% of yield. The molecular weight of polysaccharide was about 50,000 to 300,000 dalton and contained 5.0$\pm$1.2% of yield from Taxus fruit. The determinations of total polyphenols in measuring spectropotometer got 0.563% in leaves, and 0.325% in stems, whereas the quantitives of total tannins got 0.054% and 0.037%, respectively. As the effects in Cosmetics by DPPH-method, the antioxidative activities were very strong that the inhibitory ratio showed 75% in leaves and 64% in stems compared with 52% in greentea extract. These are more effective than other plant extracts. The increasing ratio of collagen synthesis rate on the activating fibroblast for extracts of Taxus cuspidata Sieb showed 54.16% (stems) and 33.18% (leaves), To improve the skin elasticity, PPE(porcine pancreatic elastase)-inhibitory activities were strongly effective as 13,7% (stems), 23.5% (leaves) and 66%(seed). Anti-inflammatory acitvity of seed oil was very the above 41% stronger than SG was 24% of anti-Inflammatory as a control sample.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.15 no.2 s.42
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• pp.213-227
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• 2005

This study aims to assess the problems with investigation method and to suggest the complementary solutions by comparing the predicted data from surface investigation with the outcome data from underground cavern. In the study area, one(NE-1) of 6 fracture zones predicted during the surface investigation was only confirmed in underground caverns. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the confidence level for prediction. In this study, the fracture classification criteria was quantitatively suggested on the basis of the BHTV images of NE-1 fracture zone. The major orientation of background fractures in rock mass was changed at the depth of the storage cavern, the length and intensity were decreased. These characteristics result in the deviation of predieted predicted fracture properties and generate the investigation bias depending on the bore hole directions and investigated scales. The evaluation of hydraulic connectivity in the surface investigation stage needs to be analyze by the groundwater pressures and hydrochemical properties from the monitoring bore hole(s) equipped with a double completion or multi-packer system during the test bore hole is pumping or injecting. The hydraulic conductivities in geometric mean measured in the underground caverns are 2-3 times lower than those from the surface and furthermore the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in geometric mean is six times lower than the vertical one. To improve confidence level of the hydraulic conductivity, the orientation of test hole should be considered during the analysis of the hydraulic conductivity and the methodology of hydro-testing and interpretation should be based on the characteristics of rock mass and investigation purposes.