• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.433-437
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to measure circumference of four body parts of each Sasang groups with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), and evaluate its usefulness for Sasang type diagnostic test. We obtained the circumference measures of neck (CN), chest (CC), waist (CW), and hip (CH) of 91 college students using BIA and standardized by sex and age. The validity of Sasang group prediction with CC was evaluated. The Tae-Eum group (104.87${\pm}$5.19, 108.47${\pm}$4.96, 116.00${\pm}$9.39, 110.4${\pm}$5.29. neck, chest, waist and hip, respectively) has significantly (p<0.001) bigger circumferences than So-Yang (97.79${\pm}$3.82, 100.02${\pm}$4.21, 101.02${\pm}$7.88, 101.95${\pm}$4.06) and So-Eum (95.63${\pm}$4.67, 96.93${\pm}$4.80, 97.63${\pm}$7.72, 99.86${\pm}$4.40) groups at very four measures. Discriminant functions with CC can be used for Tae-Eum Sasang type diagnostic test with 91.2% of overall Percentage Correctly Predicted (PCP). Tae-Eum type-specific sensitivity was 73.3% and Tae-Eum type-specific specificity was 94.7%. The strength and weakness of measurement and standardization methods for Sasang type diagnostic test, and the methods for the standardization of physical traits with sex and age were discussed. Our study showed distinctive physical features of Tae-Eum type and the usefulness of BIA for the Sasang type diagnosis.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.124-135
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• 2012

목적: 본 연구에서는 숙달된 택시운전기사들을 대상으로 내비게이션 시스템을 이용하여 운전하는 한국인 대조군에 비교하여 해마의 부피와 모양 그리고 기능적 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 총 8명의 대상군(4명의 숙달된 택시운전기사들과 4명의 같은 나이대 일반인 대조군)에 대해 삼차원 T1강조영상과 혈류산소 수준에 따른 기능성 자기공명영상을 촬영하였다. 해마의 용적과 모양, 기능성 자기공명영상 자료를 분석하여 두 군간에 신경 활성도 차이를 비교하였다. 결과: 해마의 용적은 두 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p > 0.05). 해마의 모양을 보면, 택시운전기사군의 왼쪽 해마가 대조군에 비해 전체 길이가 약간 길고 머리와 꼬리부분이 약간 더 컸다(p < 0.05, uncorrected). 기능성 자기공명영상에서는 택시운전기사군에서 대조군에 비해 방추상회가 특히 활성화되어 있었다. 결론: 택시운전기사군의 해마가 보이는 이러한 구조적, 기능적 변화는 그들의 직업과 관련하여 공간적 탐색능력을 지속적으로 사용하면서 해마와 관련 뇌영역이 기능적으로 분화했음을 나타내는 소견으로 추측할 수 있겠다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2017

Objectives: It is difficult to identify exposure factors in the semiconductor industry due to low exposure levels to hazardous substances and because various processes take place in fabrication (FAB). Furthermore, a single worker often experiences a variety of job histories, so it is difficult to classify similar exposure groups (SEG) in the semiconductor industry. Therefore, we intend to develop a new exposure index, the period of working in FAB, that is applicable to the semiconductor industry. Methods: First, in specifying the classification of jobs, we clearly distinguished whether they were FAB workers or non-FAB workers. We checked FAB working hours per week through questionnaires administered to FAB workers. We derived an exposure index called FAB-Year that can represent the period of working in FAB. FAB-Year is an index that can quantitatively indicate the period of working in FAB, and one FAB-Year is defined as working in FAB for 40 hours per week for one year. Results: A total of 8,453 persons were surveyed, and male engineers and female operators occupied 90% of the total. The average total years of service of the subjects was 9.7 years, and the average FAB-Year value was 6.8. This means that the FAB-working ratio occupies 70% of total years of service. The average FAB-Year value for female operators was 8.4, for male facility engineers it was 7.7, and for male process engineers it was 3.5. A FAB-Year standardization value according to personal information (gender, job group, entry year, retirement year) for the survey subjects can be calculated, and standardized estimation values can be applied to workers who are not participating in the survey, such as retirees and workers on a leave of absence (LOA). Conclusions: This study suggests an alternative method for overcoming the limitations on epidemiological study of the semiconductor industry where it is difficult to classify exposure groups by developing a new exposure index called FAB-Year. Since FAB-Year is a quantitative index, we expect that various approaches will be possible in future epidemiological studies.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.550-561
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the improvement of the working environment for health prevention and related countermeasures for shift workers. This study was conducted based on the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), which analyzed the health effects of shift work forces and compared them with preceding studies. Methods: By analyzing secondary rates using raw data from the 5th KWCS, 4,870 (9.7%) of the 50,184 total study subjects were divided into shift work and 45,314 (90.3%) non-shift work groups based on the response to shift status. Variables that could affect work health issues were identified and corrected. A cross-analysis was conducted to examine demographic characteristics (gender, age, and education level) of the workers and occupation characteristics (monthly net earnings, employment type, occupation, working period up to now, workplace scale, type of work system, and weekly working hours). In order to find the work health issue ratio between the shift and non-shift work groups, logistic regression was analyzed and the association with health problems according to shift type by gender was looked at through cross-analysis. Results: According to the surveys conducted from the 1st KWCS (2006) to the 5th KWCS (2017), the proportion of shift workers continued to increase. Also, muscular pains in the lower limbs (hips, legs, knees, feet, etc.) (OR=1.135, 95%CI 1.031-1.251), headaches, eyestrain (OR=1.580, 95% CI 1.428-1.748), anxiety (OR=1.715, 95% CI 1.402-2.099), difficulty falling asleep (OR=1.391), and other problems (OR=7.392) were reported. In addition, back pain, muscular pains in shoulders, neck and/or upper limbs, muscular pains in lower limbs (hips, legs, knees, feet, etc.), headaches, eyestrain, depression, anxiety, overall fatigue resulted in significant results for both male and female shift workers. Depression and anxiety were higher in female shift/circulation compared to males. Conclusions: The social nets for the health and safety of shift workers should be explored in a variety of ways, including management and supervision of shift sites, attempts to reorganize and improve the shift system, development of workers' health recovery programs, promotion, systematic treatment, and compensation systems.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Chewing difficulty is a factor contributing to a poor nutritional status in the elderly. The aim of this study was to examine disparities in food and nutrition intakes among Korean elderly people with and without chewing difficulty. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study utilized data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2013. The study subjects included males and females over 65 years of age who were not required to adhere to a special diet due to disease or sickness. They were divided into groups according to their chewing ability. Those who found chewing "very difficult" or "difficult", were combined to form the chewing difficulty group. Similarly, those who found chewing "moderately difficult", "easy", and "very easy" were combined to form the normal chewing group. RESULTS: Of the 999 subjects, 47.7% had chewing difficulties and the prevalence of chewing difficulty was higher in females than in males (P = 0.03) and higher in those 75 years of age and over than in younger individuals (P < 0.001). The chewing difficulty group had a significantly lower intake of fruits and vegetables (P < 0.05) and lower vitamin C and potassium intake than those in the normal group. Comparison of the percentages of Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) in the two groups indicated that the intake of most nutrients (energy, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and iron) were significantly lower in the chewing difficulty group than in the normal group. In particular, calcium intake was inadequate (51% of KDRIs) in the chewing difficulty group. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that chewing difficulty is closely related to food and nutrient intake in the elderly and can result in vitamin and mineral intake deficiencies. It is evident that the care of elderly subjects with chewing difficulty is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 스마트 기기를 활용한 구강안면 훈련 영상 프로그램이 마비말장애가 있는 급성 뇌졸중 환자의 구강 구조 및 기능과 조음교대운동속도에 미치는 효과를 알고자 하였다. 본 연구는 마비말장애가 있는 급성 뇌졸중 환자 14명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구에 참가한 모든 대상자들은 실험군과 대조군으로 7명씩 무작위 할당되었다. 두 그룹의 대상자들은 4주 동안 모두 동일하게 보편적인 재활치료를 받았다. 실험군은 스마트 기기를을 활용한 구강안면 훈련 영상 프로그램을 보호자의 감독 하에 추가적으로 30분씩 더 수행하였다. 구강 구조와 기능을 측정하기 위하여 조음기관 구조 및 기능선별검사의 하위항목인 구강 구조와 기능을 평가하였다. 조음교대운동속도를 측정하기 위하여 교대운동속도와 연속운동속도를 평가하였다. 연구 결과, 그룹 내 비교에서 실험군과 대조군은 구강 구조 및 기능, 교대운동속도, 연속운동속도에서 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<.05). 두 그룹 간 변화량 비교에서 실험군은 대조군보다 구강기능과 교대운동속도의 /퍼/와 /터/에서 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<.05). 스마트 기기를 활용한 구강안면 훈련 영상 프로그램은 마비말장애가 있는 급성 뇌졸중 환자의 구강 기능과 조음기관 기능에 긍정적인 효과를 기대할 수 있는 중재방법으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on functional recovery after rat with experimental SCI. Methods: SCI was induced by the NYU-spinal cord impactor(NYU, USA) dropped a weight of 10 gm after laminectomy. Experimental groups were divided into the Group I (normal), Group II (control) and Group III(treadmill exercise). After 2 days of the operation, 24 rats(group II, III) were trained to walk on treadmill for 21 days twice/day, 15 min/session. After operation, rats were tested at modified Tarlov scale at 1, 2, 3, 4 days with divided into 2 groups, and Motor behavior test(BBB locomotor rating scale, Grid walking test, Narrow beam crossing test, Modified inclined plane test) was examined at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Histopathological study were performed at 1. 3, 7, 14 and 21 days by H&E, Luxol Fast Blue staining were same times. Results: After SCI an improvement of motor behavior was shown group II, III. The motor behavior test of group Ill showed considerable improvement until 14 days. Conclusion: These results suggest that treadmill exercise treatment can playa role in facilitating recovery of locomotion following spinal cord injury.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.48-58
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• 1995

This study was performed to find out the exposure level of mixed organic solvents, excretion of urinary hippuricacid and subjective symptoms according to the exposure of organic solvents of female workers who works on 5 shoes manufacturing industries in Taejon City from 24, september to 20, october 1993. The studied groups were divided into 3 groups that were consist of direct exposure group(48 workers), indirect exposure group(49 workers) and non-exposure group(68 workers) to the organic solvents. The exposure levels of toluene of direct exposure group which $89.86{\pm}56.20ppm$ had higher than that of indirect exposure group which had $40.23{\pm}47.21ppm$. In the exposure level of mixed organic solvent(R-value), direct exposure group was $2.84{\pm}1.53$ and exceeded approximatly 3 times the R-value. Whereas, indirect exposure group was not exceeded the R-value as $0.80{\pm}0.61$. In the excretion level of urinary hippuric acid, direct exposure group was $1.78{\pm}1.25g/l$, indirect exposure group was $1.22{\pm}0.93g/l$ and non-exposure group was $0.51{\pm}0.18g/l$ respectively. Therefore both direct exposure group and indirect exposure group were significantly higher than non-exposure group(P<0.01). In the correlation between toluene levels and urinary hippuric acid level, the direct exposure group had positive correlation(R=0.8309, P<0.01), also indirect exposure group had positive correlation(R=0.5859, P<0.05) and also in the correlation between the R value of mixed organic solvents and the urinary hippuric acid levels, the direct exposure group had positive correlation(R=0.4492, P<0.05), and indirect exposure group had ositive correlation(R=0.7911, P<0.01). In the complain rates of the worker's subjective symptoms at work, both direct exposure group and indirect exposure group were higher than non-exposure group(P<0.05, P<0.01). But the sujective symptoms of "floating sensation" of direct exposure group had significantly higher than indirect exposure group. In the percent of subjective symptoms complaints during the worker's daily life, both direct exposure group and indirect exposure group had generally more statistical significance than nonexposure group(P<0.01), direct exposure group had not statistical significant difference from indirect exposure group. As the results mentioned above, it has been analysed that the indirect at the adjacent manufaturing process are exposed to the considerable amount of solvent. Therefore, I think that there should be the betterment of surrounding through the complete working environment management to the occurrence source of the organic solvent, the changes of health management system to the indirect-exposed workers, and the systematic management of the special medical examination and the like.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2019

본 연구는 일주일 동안의 컴퓨터 사용시간이 몸통 근육 두께와 압력 통증 역치에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 33명의 대상자를 일주일에 컴퓨터를 10시간 이하(A 그룹), 10시간에서 20시간(B 그룹), 20시간 이상 사용하는 그룹(C 그룹)으로 나누어 위 등세모근, 작은가슴근, 앞 목갈비근, 중간 목갈비근의 근 두께와 위 등세모근, 작은가슴근, 앞 목갈비근, 중간 목갈비근, 어깨올림근의 압력 통증 역치를 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과 C 그룹의 작은가슴근, 앞 목갈비근, 중간 목갈비근은 다른 그룹들의 근 두께에 비해 유의하게 증가되었고(p<.05) 위 등세모근, 앞 목갈비근, 작은가슴근, 어깨올림근의 압력통증역치는 다른 그룹들에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.05). 그러므로, 본 연구는 1주일 동안 컴퓨터를 장시간 사용하는 사람들은 장시간 컴퓨터 사용이 다양한 근골격계 질환의 원인이 될 수 있음을 인지하고 그에 따른 적절한 예방적 접근을 수행할 것을 권장한다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2019

연구목적:본 연구에서는 재난현장 또는 산업현장에 투입되는 고위험 직업군의 안전을 위하여 IoT/ICT 융합기반의 스마트 안전관리 시스템을 연구하고 이의 성능을 분석 제시하였다. 연구방법: 연구에서 제시된 고위험 직업군의 안전을 위해 부동상태 감지센서, 각 대원간에 통신을 위한 LoRa기반의 리피팅 기술, 전체를 모니터링할 수 있는 LoRa Gateway를 개발하여 기능을 테스트하여 현장적용을 위한 기반을 제시하였다. 연구결과 :고위험 직업군에 작업현장에서 작업자의 위험 상태를 감지하고 전파할 수 있는 다양한 요소를 파악하고 이에 대한 연구가 진행되었다. 작업자의 부동과 같은 위험상태를 감지하는 센서기술, LoRa 통신 기반의 리티핑 기술, 위험 상황을 실시간으로 모니터링 할 수 있는 LoRa Gateway를 분석하여 그 연구결과를 제시하였다. 특히 통신 음영지역의 최소화를 위한 단말간 리피팅기술을 연구하여 통신 불통 문제를 감소시켰다. 연구결론:본 연구를 통해 다양한 고위험 직업군의 작업자 안전을 위한 스마트 안전관리 시스템의 중요한 기능적 요소를 고찰하고 그 효용성을 검증하였다.