• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of reality shock in new graduated nurses. Methods: The hybrid model was used to develop the concept of reality shock. The model included a field study. The participants were 9 newly graduated nurses with a nursing career spanning less than a year. Results: The reality shock in newly graduated nurses was identified to have three dimensions and seven attributes. Specifically: 1) the dimension of performance included two attributes (conflict between theory and practice, and being overwhelmed by the workload), 2) the dimension of relationship included three attributes (loss of support, embarrassment from interference, and relational withdrawal), 3) the dimension of expectations included two attributes(value confusions and incongruity in personal life). Conclusion: Newly graduated nurses' reality shock was defined as a state of incongruence in their entire life that the new nurses experienced owing to value confusions that occurred due to the conflicts between theory and practice in an unfamiliar work environment, getting overwhelmed by the workload, and withdrawing establishing relationships with others due to the loss of support and excessive interference. These findings could help develop intervention strategies to decrease reality shock in newly graduated nurses.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find the effect of grip strength of the grasping reflex skill training of 4 case children with spastic cerebral palsy. Smedley hand dynamometer(JAMAR, USA) was used for measuring grip strength. Methods: Smedley hand dynamometer(JAMAR, USA) was used for measuring grip strength. Cases were chosen mild, moderate and severe spastic cerebral palsy with sitting balance and perception. To achieve that purpose, this training program was carried out 5 times a week for 4 weeks with 4 children. The performance of grasping reflex skill training and grip strength was evaluated each other. Results: Both hands were investigated with grasping reflex skill test and grip strength in two week intervals. In the dominant or nondominant hand, the more improvement of grasping reflex skill test is high, the more that of grip strength is high. Conclusion: The result were as follows that. The grasping reflex skill training was effective in grip strength.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.23-32
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of multi-sensory treatment programs on attention and learning in ADHD children. Methods : The program was provided for 50 minutes twice a week for a total of 12 times over 6 weeks. The FAIR concentration test was used to identify the children's concentration of attention before and after the intervention. The children's learning ability was evaluated using K-ABC. Results : When attention was evaluated using FAIR, there was a significant increase in all dependencies of performance value (P), quality value (Q), and continuity value (C) (p>.05). In addition, when learning ability was evaluated using K-ABC, learning ability in general increased significantly (p>.05). The multi-sensory play therapy program had a positive effect on the children's attention and learning ability and thus it is a positive intervention method for children with ADHD. Conclusion : In addition to providing challenging activities, the program showed that it was possible to elicit the children's interest by engaging a variety of senses at the same time. This is believed to have motivated them internally to engage actively in the program.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the changes of physical function, perceptual and cognitive function, emotional function, and functional independence in the institutionalized aged according to functional group activity program (self help Tai Chi exercise plus functional task). Methods: Study subjects were 20 institutionalized aged from June to October in 2010. The subjects received functional group activity program two times a week for 15 weeks. Physical function (grip strength, coordination, lower extremity strength, balance, gait, trunk flexibility), perceptual and cognitive function, emotional function(depression, social skill), and functional independence were measured before and after the program. Results: The subjects showed significantly increased physical function (coordination, lower extremity strength, gait, trunk flexibility), perceptual and cognitive function, emotional function (depression, social skill), and functional independence. The functional group activity program may be an effective strategy for institutionalized elders to enhance their functions. Conclusion: The functional group activity program may be effective on elderly institutions which have limitation in human, material, environmental resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2013

Many occupational workers or professionals have to walk on the various floors for a long period of time. The objective of this study was to develop the safety shoes with increased traction through the material selection. In order to fulfill our objective, first, two kinds of filler were selected to compare the wear mechanism at outsole surface. The developed rubber materials were tested with two kinds of portable slip meters. The sample safety shoes with developed rubber materials were also tested with subject in the laboratory. During walking, the safety shoes were naturally abraded with counter surface. The coefficient of friction(COF) was gradually decreased with number of steps to 30,000, while the COF was abruptly increased from 30,000 to 40,000. The experimental results showed that COF tested with silica rubber was at least 10% higher than that with carbon black rubber in wet or detergent condition. It has been well recognized that filler properties play a important role in wet traction in the tire industry. However it has been unclear that filler properties would be decisive factor in safety shoes. Our study shows that silica exhibits a higher slip resistance than carbon black without reference to wear states in wet or detergent condition. So, this results will provide guides for outsole compounders to develop new products and improve product performance.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The study conducted questionnaire analysis to 413 industrial safety field employees in order to examine the necessity and validity of industrial safety field's 17th neo-job classification based on National Competency standards(NCS). As a result, 50.1% of industrial safety management field and 43.3% of industrial health management field answered that classification details of occupational safety and health management field are classified by job(duty) performance. Industrial safety management field recognizes that management and engineering section play a significant role in their work, while industrial health management field recognizes worker's health care and work environment management and overall control of work environment assessment to be significant in their work. Furthermore, industrial safety management field recognizes that separating qualification and foundation of 'construction safety manager', 'chemicals(safety and health) manager', '(toxic)risk assessment evaluator or risk factor manager' to be highly significant. The study is meaningful in that it suggests industrial safety field's qualification items practical in industrial sites.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.359-364
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• 2021

Aim: We aimed to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sleep and work-related impaired cognitive and emotional functioning in police employees. Methods: This study included 410 participants (52% men) employed in a police district in Norway at baseline, of which 50% also participated in the study at 6 months later follow-up. The questionnaires included items measuring work schedule, sleep length, insomnia, as well as impaired cognitive and emotional functioning at work. Results: The results showed that insomnia was related to impaired work-related emotional functioning measured at baseline, and to impaired cognitive functioning measured at both baseline and follow-up. Sleep length and rotating shift work were not associated with future decline in cognitive or emotional functioning. Conclusion: Our study indicates that the relationship between insomnia and emotional functioning at work may be transient, whereas insomnia can be related to both immediate and future impaired cognitive functioning. Replication of the findings in larger samples is advised. The findings call for an emphasis on the prevention and treatment of sleep problems among police employees as a mean of maintaining and improving cognitive and emotional functioning at work, and thereby reducing the risk for impaired performance and negative health and safety outcomes.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.468-472
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• 2018

Background: Firefighters are required to use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), which impairs ventilatory mechanics. We hypothesized that firefighters have elevated arterial $CO_2$ when using SCBA. Methods: Firefighters and controls performed a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and two graded exercise tests (GXTs) at 25%, 50%, and 70% of their maximal aerobic power, once with a SCBA facemask and once with protective clothing and full SCBA. Results: Respiratory rate increased more in controls than firefighters. Heart rate increased as a function of oxygen consumption ($V_{O_2}$) more in controls than firefighters. End-tidal $CO_2$ ($ETCO_2$) during the GXTs was not affected by work rate in either group for either condition but was higher in firefighters at all work rates in both GXTs. SCBA increased $ETCO_2$ in controls but not firefighters. Conclusions: The present study showed that when compared to controls, firefighters' hypoventilate during a maximal test and GXT. The hypoventilation resulted in increased $ETCO_2$, and presumably increased arterial $CO_2$, during exertion. It is proposed that firefighters have altered $CO_2$ sensitivity due to voluntary hypoventilation during training and work. Confirmation of low $CO_2$ sensitivity and the consequence of this on performance and long-term health remain to be determined.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of simulation evacuation training improvement activity through wheelchair skill training. Methods: The study included 40 patients with early stroke who were randomly allocated to a wheelchair skill training group (Experimental group, n=20) and a general exercise group (Control group, n=20). Both groups performed the exercise 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Wheelchair Skills Test Skills Performance (WSTSP), Wheelchair Skills Test Skills Safety (WSTSS) and Wheelchair Propulsion Velocity (WPV). Results: After 3 weeks of training, both groups showed significantly improved WSTSP, WSTSS and WPV (p<.01 in both groups). However, the WSTSP, WSTSS and WPV in the experimental group were very significantly better than in the control group (p<.01). Conclusion: These findings indicate that wheelchair skill training may be effective at improving wheelchair skill ability and wheelchair propulsion velocity in stroke patients who cannot walk independently. Therefore, short-term wheelchair skill training could be useful for patient safety in simulated evacuation situations.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2021

The leading source of occupational fatalities is a portable ladder in Korea because it is widely used in industry as work platform. In order to reduce victims, it is necessary to establish preventive measures for the accidents caused by portable ladder. Therefore, this study statistically analyzed injury death by portable ladder for recent 10 years to investigate the accident characteristics. Next, to monitor wearing of safety helmet in real-time while working on a portable ladder, this study developed an object detection model based on the You Only Look Once(YOLO) architecture, which can accurately detect objects within a reasonable time. The model was trained on 6,023 images with/without ladders and safety helmets. The performance of the proposed detection model was 0.795 for F1 score and 0.843 for mean average precision. In addition, the proposed model processed at least 25 frames per second which make the model suitable for real-time application.