• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.647-660
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• 2001

Forming health care management model in small-scale enterprises was the purpose of this study. For the purpose, we tried to investigate the characteristics of small-scale enterprises and analyzed the pattern of their health care management. The results are as follow: 1. The strength of health managing agency and technical supporting program lies in team approach by specialized manpower. However, if the liaison between each part of the organization is not smooth, the overall management will be very difficult. 2. Small scale enterprises are characterized by their short life after the establishment, use of rental building, lack of welfare facilities, weakness in sanitary management and aggregation of factories of similar type of industry. Because of these characteristics, it is very difficult to solve problem basically, such as improvement of working environment. Therefore, it is important to focus on health education and community based approach. 3. Many workers in small-scale factories are in middle and old age. They have health problems mainly related to personal habits. Implementation of an appropriate health promotion program is needed. 4. The number of workplaces, which should be managed by health managing agent. is increasing rapidly. But the number of health managing agent is limited. In the aspect of the requirement of manpower and equipment, training personal agent is more urgent than founding institutional agent. 5. The uniform method of health management hampers the choice of employer and workers. The types of provision of health management should be diversified. 6. For an efficient management, a frequent visit of personal agent and the following referral to a specialist should be done. The specialists in charge of secondary management are from the field of occupational medicine, occupational hygiene, ergonomics, etc. 7. The health management of small-scale facilities should have six components. They are community-based approach, multi-disciplinary cooperative system, program based on the need of recipient, forming partnership of employer and worker, change of lifestyle, and evidence-based program.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

To establish the Fourier-Transform Infra-Red spectrophotometry(FTIR) Direct-On-Filter(DOF) technique as a useful analytical method for quartz in respirable dust samples, an influence of the kaolinite should be corrected. Respirable dust, created in a dust chamber containing the standard material of quartz and kaolinite were collected using a cyclone equipped with a 25 mm, $0.8\;{\mu}m$ pore size DM filter as a collection medium. This study was designed to compare three methods of correction for kaolinite when quantifying the content of quartz, including the least square, the optimum choice and the spectral subtraction methods. The content of quartz in the respirable dust samples was overestimated by 6.2% when mixed with kaolinite(35.5% by weight). The content of quartz containing kaolinite(72.8% by weight) were overestimated by 32%. The spectral subtraction method underestimated the quartz content by 1.5%, while the other two correction methods, the optimum choice and the least square method, overestimated the quartz content by 1.9% to 6.4% and 0.04 to 1.1%, respectively. The results of this study are suggested that, when correcting for effects of kaolinite on quantitative analysis of quartz in respirable dust by FTIR direct-on-filter method, the least square method produce the most unbiased results be compared with those of other correction methods.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(환경)
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• pp.417-425
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• 1994

Although animal studies have been used most often for quantitative risk assessment, it is generally recognized that well-conducted epidemiologic studies would provide the best basis for estimating human risk. However, there are several features related to the design and analysis of epidemiologic studies that frequently limit their usefulness for quantitating risks. The lack of accurate information on exposure in epidemiologic studies is perhaps the most frequently cited limitation of these studies for risk assessment. However. other features of epidemiologic study design, such as statistical power, length of follow-up, confounding, and effect modification, may also limit the inferences that can be drawn from these studies. Furthermore, even when the aforementioned limitations are overcome, substantial uncertainty exists concerning the choice of an appropriate statistical (or biologic) model for extrapolation beyond the range of exposures observed in a particular study. This paper focuses on presenting a review and discussion of the methodologic issues involved in using epidemiologic studies for risk assessment. This review concentrates on the use of retrospective, cohort, mortality studies of occupational groups for assessing cancer risk because this is the most common application of epidemiologic data for quantitative risk assessment (QRA). Epidemiologic data should not be viewed as a panacea for the problems inherent in using animal bioassay data for QRA. Rather, information that can be derived from epidemiologic and toxicologic studies complement one another, and both data sources need to be used to provide the best characterization of human risk.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.198-202
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• 2014

Background: The economy is being lifted by the new concept of robotics, but we cannot be sure of all the possible benefits. At this early stage, it therefore becomes important to find out the possible benefits/limitations associated with robotics, so that the positives can be capitalized, established, and developed further for the employment and motivation of employees in the health care sector, for overall economic development. The negatives should also be further studied and mitigated. Methods: This study is an exploratory research, based on secondary data, such as books on topics related to robotics, websites, public websites of concerned departments for data and statistics, journals, newspapers and magazines, websites of health care providers, and different printed materials (brochures, etc). Results: The impact of robotics has both positive and negative impacts on the employment and motivation of employees in the retail sector. So far, there has been no substantial research done into robotics, especially in the health care sector. Conclusion: Replacing employees with robots is an inevitable choice for organizations in the service sector, more so in the health care sector because of the challenging and sometimes unhealthy working environments, but, at the same time, the researchers propose that it should be done in a manner that helps in improving the employment and motivation of employees in this sector.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehend the real context of metabolic syndrome-related factors of Korean male blue-collar workers from small-sized companies based on the health belief model. Methods: A total of 37 workers from three companies were interviewed, and three series of focus group interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using deductive content analysis. Results: Data were classified into four categories: knowledge, perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived barriers, and beliefs. Knowledge referred to low knowledge level; perceived susceptibility and severity referred to unawareness of susceptibility and severity; perceived barriers referred to shift work, overtime work, and a social context including having no choice but to drink; and beliefs referred to believing that health promotion behaviors do not relate to preventing metabolic syndrome, believing that one cannot prevent metabolic syndrome oneself, and believing that professional help is required. Conclusion: To prevent and reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome among Korean male blue-collar workers, interventions should focus on strategies to increase metabolic syndrome-related knowledge and perceptions, social support, and self-efficacy for practicing health behaviors. In addition, it is necessary to develop policies for establishing a healthy drinking culture in companies.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2018

목적 : 본 연구에서는 상지 로봇 치료가 아급성기 뇌졸중 환자의 상지기능에 단기적으로 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이었다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 뇌졸중 편마비 진단을 받고 1회 1시간씩 상지 로봇 치료와 과제 지향적 훈련(task-oriented training)를 받았던 환자 20명의 의무기록을 이용한 후향적 연구로서, 중재 전/후의 3차원 동작분석검사 결과 값을 토대로 두 중재간의 변화량을 비교 하였다. 결과 분석은 기술 통계와 대응표본 t검정을 사용하여 결과 값을 파악 하였다. 결과 : 연구 결과 상지 로봇 치료를 한 경우 팔 뻗기를 하는 동안 팔굽관절 움직임의 순발력, 효율성, 부드러움에서 향상을 보였으며, 과제 지향적 훈련(task-oriented training)과 비교 하였을 때 팔굽관절의 부드러움에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 결론 : 단기적 상지 로봇 치료는 아급성기 뇌졸중 환자의 팔뻗기 시 팔굽관절 움직임에 효과를 보였으며, 추후 장기적인 연구를 통해 상지 기능의 움직임 개선에 대한 효과 입증이 필요하다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-40
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• 1999

The analysis of thiodiglycolic acid in urine has been used as an index of biological exposure to vinyl chloride. Unfortunately thiodiglycolic acid has a strong hydrophilic character, because it has two carboxylic groups, so that it can only be extracted with organic solvent with a great difficulty. Underivatized thiodiglycolic acid tends to tail because of non-specific interaction with the inert support. Therefore, esterification is the obvious first choice for derivatization of thiodiglycolic acid, particularly for gas chromatography. In this study, the focus of interest is to compare two method of esterifications (methylation and silylation). Methylation is to make the methyl ester of thiodiglycolic acid by reaction with diazomethane. Silylation is to make the trimethylsilyl ester of thiodiglycolic acid by reaction with N-trimethylsily-ldiethylamine. The results and conclusions are as the following: 1. The detection limit (sensitivity) of methylated thiodiglycolic acid was $5.00{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and silylated thiodiglycolic acid was $3.07{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. 2. The optimal liquid-liquid extraction of thiodiglycolic acid was as following: To each of the tubes, $15m{\ell}$ of urine, concentrated sulfuric acid (pH 1 - 2) and 5 gsodium sulfate were added. The samples was extracted three times with $5m{\ell}$ ethylacetate each time. 3. The methylated thiodiglycolic acid was more stable than silylated thiodiglycolic acid in extractional solvent which contained humidity. 4. The precision (pooled coefficient of variation for 4 days) of the analysis was 0.07324 in methylated thiodiglycolic acid with external standard calibration, and 0.07033 in methylated thiodiglycolic acid with internal standard calibration. 5. The precision (pooled coefficient of variation for 4 days) of the analysis was 0.10914 in silylated thiodiglycolic acid with external standard calibration, and 0.13602 in silylated thiodiglycolic acid with internal standard calibration. From the above results, the analysis of methylated thiodiglycolic acid was more sensitive (limit of detection) than silylated thiodiglycolic acid by gas chromatography. However, the methylated thiodiglycolic acid was stable in the humidity and was separated sharply on chromatogram. Also, analysis of methylated thiodiglycolic acid was more precise (pooled coefficient of variation for 4 days) than silylated thiodiglycolic acid. In conclusion, it is established that the analysis of methylated thiodiglycolic acid is appropriate for biological monitoring of exposure to vinyl chloride.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2016

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 음악을 통한 청각자극이 뇌졸중 환자의 편측무시에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 편측무시를 보이는 뇌졸중 환자 1명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구는 ABA 설계를 사용하였으며, 연구기간 동안 기초선A 5회, 중재기B 10회, 기초선A'5회로 총 20회기 실시하였다. 각 중재기 동안에는 대상자가 좋아하는 음악 5곡을 선택하게 하여 회기 당 60분씩 음악을 감상하도록 하였다. 기초선과 중재기간에는 편측무시 평가를 위해 별 지우기 검사(Star cancellation test), 선 나누기 검사(Line bisection test)를 시행하였다. 또한 중재 전, 후로 일상생활에서의 편측무시를 평가하기 위해 Catherine Bergego Scale(CBS)와 정서 상태를 평가하기 위해 Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS)를 시행하였다. 결과 : 중재기 동안 별 지우기 검사, 선 나누기 검사를 통해 편측무시가 감소되는 추세를 확인하였으며, 중재 후에도 중재효과가 유지되었다. 또한 중재 후, CBS를 통해 일상생활에서도 편측무시가 감소되었음을 알 수 있었으며 PANAS를 통해 긍정적 감정이 증가하였음을 알 수 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과, 음악을 통한 청각자극 뇌졸중 환자의 편측무시 감소에 긍정적인 영향을 준 것으로 확인되었다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2009

Brain drain of scientists and technologists to the United States from other countries is a phenomenal issue due to the potential developmental impacts it could have on sending countries. Immigration policies undoubtedly play the major part to shape the human resource outcomes. There has been a common sense explanation to the brain drain trend, which states that the lower English language requirements in the scientific and technology jobs compared to other high skill brain drain jobs offer immigrants more favorable employment opportunities. These and other language related variables are used with standard human capital model variables to assess the validity of the common sense proposition.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구는 국내 아동 작업치료영역에서 기관별 사용하고 있는 평가도구 사용 현황 및 실태에 대하여 조사하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 국내 아동작업치료사 67명을 대상으로 진행하였다. 설문지구성은 Lee, Hong과 Park(2018)와 Kim(2015)의 연구에서 사용된 설문문항을 아동평가도구 내용에 맞추어 수정·보완하여 사용하였다. 데이터 수집은 편의표본추출방법을 사용하여 3주 동안 Google 설문지를 배포하였다. 연구 분석은 일반적 특성, 평가관련정보, 평가도구 사용현황, 지식수준 및 교육 참여 욕구를 검증하기 위해 기술통계와 빈도분석을 사용하였으며, 평가도구 현황은 t-test를 사용하였다. 기관별 평가도구 사용은 Excel을 통해 분석하였다. 결과 : 기관별 사용하는 평가도구 수는 복지관이 11.1개로 가장 많았고 기관별 평가도구 사용 현황의 경우 대학병원이 Jebsen-Taylor hand function test를 재활병원은 Functional Independence Measure for children을 가장 많이 사용하였으며 의원, 센터, 복지관, 어린이집은 순서 간의 차이는 있으나 Sensory Profile과 임상관찰 사용빈도가 많았다. 평가도구에 대한 지식수준과 교육참여 욕구에 대한 문항에서는 응답자의 30명(44.8%)이 교육을 이수하지 않았으며, 42명(62.7%)이 대체로 자신의 지식수준을 낮게 평가하고 있었다. 매뉴얼 기반에 평가도구 사용의 중요성 질문에 66명(98.6%)이 긍정적인 답변에 응하였고, 66명(98.6%)이 평가도구 전문교육이 필요하다고 응답하였다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통하여 국내 아동작업치료영역 기관별 사용되고 있는 평가도구의 사용 현황 및 실태를 파악할 수 있었으며 이를 통해 기관별 다양한 평가도구 도입 및 다양한 평가도구 교육 마련을 위한 기초적인 근거자료가 될 것으로 기대된다.