• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.159-162
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• 2011

The goal setting and performance measurement is essential tool for performance management. If appropriate goal setting and performance measurement is not done, problems may arise in the management. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of building production that management is essential. In addition, the construction project objectives established at the planning phase give considerable influence on the success of the construction project. Therefore, objective of this paper is to suggest the necessity of performance goal setting phase. This paper analyzes problems of goal setting phase and suggests the way to improve about problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

The main objective of this paper is come up with methodology approach for FPGA-based system in verification and validation lifecycle regarding software reliability using system engineering approach. The steps of both reverse engineering and re-engineering are carried out to implement an FPGA-based of safety critical system in Nuclear Power Plant. The reverse engineering methodology is applied to elicit the requirements of the system as well as gain understanding of the current life cycle and V&V activities of FPGA based-system. The re-engineering method is carried out to get a new methodology approach of software reliability, particularly Software Reliability Growth Model. For measure the software reliability of a given FPGA-based system, the following steps are executed as; requirements definition and measurement, evaluation of candidate reliability model, and the validation of the selected system. As conclusion, a new methodology approach for software reliability measurement using software reliability growth model is developed.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1294-1299
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• 2009

Best value in value engineering has relation to cost and performance. But a severe problem in VE study of a project is to reduce value due to loss of performance, caused by focusing on cost reduction. Also a lack of understanding performance concept, no trial VE workshop as well as cost saving-based policy have not satisfied customer needs. A efficient and practical methodology for accomplishing best value in construction projects is proposed. This study developed a more objective approach for performance measurement approach of mega projects and suggested a systematic process of performance quantitative analysis verifying value improvement. The proposed performance measurement method would be very useful for better communication and consensus between stakeholders and VE team especially through value engineering.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 2016

Background: In situ gamma spectrometry has been used to measure environmental radiation, assumptions are usually made about the depth distribution of the radionuclides of interest in the soil. The main limitation of in situ gamma spectrometry lies in determining the depth distribution of radionuclides. The objective of this study is to develop a method for subsurface characterization by in situ measurement. Materials and Methods: The peak to valley method based on the ratio of counting rate between the photoelectric peak and Compton region was applied to identify the depth distribution. The peak to valley method could be applied to establish the relation between the spectrally derived coefficients (Q) with relaxation mass per unit area (${\beta}$) for various depth distribution in soil. The in situ measurement results were verified by MCNP simulation and calculated correlation equation. In order to compare the depth distributions and contamination levels in decommissioning KRR site, in situ measurement and sampling results were compared. Results and Discussion: The in situ measurement results and MCNP simulation results show a good correlation for laboratory measurement. The simulation relationship between Q and source burial for the source layers have exponential relationship for a variety depth distributions. We applied the peak to valley method to contaminated decommissioning KRR site to determine a depth distribution and initial activity without sampling. The observed results has a good correlation, relative error between in situ measurement with sampling result is around 7% for depth distribution and 4% for initial activity. Conclusion: In this study, the vertical activity distribution and initial activity of $^{137}Cs$ could be identifying directly through in situ measurement. Therefore, the peak to valley method demonstrated good potential for assessment of the residual radioactivity for site remediation in decommissioning and contaminated site.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2010

We proposed and stratified a selection standard model on Open Source Functional Board which could be found in Web. So we could grasp the weight about Performance Evaluation from the viewpoints of planners, developers, and web disigner professional of views. We suggested applying diverse measurement types in case of item which could chart Evaluation Standards on chosen sample boards. In case of item which couldn't do that, we compared and analyzed it by using selective type of 9 point scaling method on professionalists in every sample board. As a result of weight on upper estimate section of evaluation model chart, the order of importance was convenience(0.334), performance(0.333), function(0.240) and design(0.093) respectively. It indicates that there is more weight on performance and convenience which are hard to be structurally modified than designs and functions that are directly shown to the users. Also, it was evident that opposite results came out when using 9-point scale survey and measurement with objective data such as function and performance. The reason is because the surveyed subject can have his or her own subjectivity and bias unlike objective data. However, objectivity of the administrator is also an important factor thus both two perspectives have to be all considered when selecting the bulletin board.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of electromyographic examination in a day and detect the objective measurement timing of electromyography. 18 normal students who were in dental collage of C national university were selected for this study. They had no symptoms on temporomandibular joint area, no restorations and missing tooth on dentition. Their molar relationship was normal or class I of Angle's classification. Electromyography had been taken every one hour from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. in the state of clenching and rest by using Bioelectric processor EM2 interfaced with mandibular kinesiograph K-6 diagnostic system. We compared and analyzed the variances of electromyography values of each subjects. The obtained results were as follows : There were no significant differences on variability of electromyography values in each state clenching and rest. In the aspect of this circumstances, the use of electromyography could be a good objective procedure to diagnose the temporomandibular disorders and to detect the effect to the treatment of temporomandibular disorders at any time in a day from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1990 no.05
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• pp.43-46
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• 1990

Modern society is prevailed a lot of allergies. So, the allergy test is very important. There are many kinds of allergy test. A doctor usually uses skin allergy test among many allergy tests. However, little standadization and objectivity of grading-standard has been established in the skin allergy test. A measurement of the reaction area has been a major objective to perform skin allergy test. Recently, a doctor's method is to measure the reaction area after drawing a line that represents the reaction area on the skin. But this method differs slightly from the real reaction area and individual doctor's measurement is different, because the edge of the reaction area is obscure. In this paper, we propose a algorithm which is able to detect vague edges using the fuzzy set. The algorithm that detects the line and curve is proposed first. Here, the maximum value is calculated by comparing the membership function of the line and curve seperately. We also encode the direction of the line and curve by using 8-direction code. Then, we calculate the reaction area by measuring the pixels which are inside the reaction area. And finally the Allergy grade is decided by grading-standard, and we accomplish faster, the 80re accurate and objective allergy grade decision.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 1998

This study was done to investigate the relationship between ultrasonograph fat density (ULFD) using objective measurement and serum enzymes for testing liver function in 101 healthy adults(43 males and 58 females). Average serum enzyme activities in males and females were GOT27.111U/L and 22.46IU/L, GPT 34.06IU/L and 18.501U/L, and ${\gamma}$-GTP 37.67IU/L and 17.201U/L, respectively. Males showed significantly higher activities of GPT and ${\gamma}$-GTP than females. ULFD of the obese group (BMI$\geq$25) was significantly higher than that of the nonobese group. GOT, GPT, and ${\gamma}$-GTP tended to be high in the obese group. GPT and ${\gamma}$-GTP of the high TG group (TG$\geq$170) tended to be markedly high for males, but not for females. GPT was positively correlated with ULFD, body weight , and weight-to-height, ratio, and ${\gamma}$-GTP was positively correlated with body weight, weight-to-height ratio. BNI, and KI. ULFD and ${\gamma}$-GTP were positively correlated with serum TG. These results suggests that , among serum enzymes for testing liver function, GPT has a close relationship with ULFD using objective measurement, while GOT does not. Also , ${\gamma}$-GTP has a close relationship with parameters for obesity.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.23-34
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• 2011

Reliable progress management at construction requires integrated information of cost and schedule, and information is used as a basis for project performance measurement. However, separate handling of cost and schedule information at construction projects makes objective measurement more difficult and decreases management productivity due to additional works for breaking down bill of quantities into corresponding activities. Recently, research related to BIM addresses issues on effective progress management based on BIM with incorporation of daily progress management. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose information model for daily progress rate and budgeted cost of work performed by utilizing BTM-based quantity and location information.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2002

The objective of this paper is to develop a nondestructive method for estimating the fracture toughness (K$\_$IC/) of CrMoV steels used as the rotor material of steam turbines in power plants. To achieve this objective, a number of CrMoV steel samples were heat-treated, and the fracture appearance transition temperature (FATT) was determined as a function of aging time. Nonlinear ultrasonics was employed as the theoretical basis to explain the harmonic generation in a damaged material, and the nonlinearity parameter of the second harmonic wave was the experimental measure used to be correlated to the fracture toughness of the rotor steel. The nondestructive procedure for estimating the 7c consists of two steps. First, the correlations between the nonlinearity parameter and the FATT are sought. The FATT values are then used to estimate K$\_$IC/, using the K$\_$IC/ versus excess temperature (i.e., T-FATT) correlation that is available in the literature for CrMoV rotor steel.