• 제목/요약/키워드: OAT

검색결과 428건 처리시간 0.029초

쌀귀리 분말 첨가수준에 따른 고추장의 저장 중 품질특성 (Quality Characteristics of Kochujang During Storage by the Level of Naked Oat Flours Added)

  • 전은례;정난희
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.17-34
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    • 2022
  • 쌀귀리 분말 첨가수준에 따른 25℃(±2℃)에서 20주간 저장하는 동안 고추장의 품질특성을 조사하였다. 쌀귀리 분말을 첨가한 고추장의 수분함량은 첨가수준에 따라 점차 감소한 반면, 저장기간 동안에는 점차 증가하였다(p<.05). 쌀귀리 분말을 첨가한 고추장의 pH는 첨가수준에 따라 점진적으로 증가하는 반면 저장기간에는 점차 감소하였다(p<.001). 그러나 산도는 pH와 반대로 나타났다. 시료의 L(lightness), a(redness), b(yellowness)값은 쌀귀리 분말의 첨가수준에 따라 점차 증가하는 반면, 저장기간 중에는 점차 감소하였다. 시료의 염도와 당도는 쌀귀리 분말 첨가수준에 따라 점차 감소하였다(p<.001). 쌀귀리 분말을 첨가한 고추장의 아미노산 함량은 저장기간 동안 첨가하지 않은 대조군보다 높았다. 25℃(±2℃)에서 20주간 저장 시 쌀귀리 분말을 첨가한 고추장에서는 17종의 아미노산 함량이 검출되었으며, glutamic acid가 대조군에서는 959.69 mg/100 g, 5%에서는 983.55 mg/100 g, 10%에서는 1,070.72 mg/100 g 및 15%에서는 1,169.62 mg/100 g으로, 쌀귀리 분말 첨가수준이 증가할수록 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서, 쌀귀리 분말의 첨가는 고추장의 품질특성을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였고, 건강에 유익한 고추장의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다.

목초 및 사료작물 정부장려품종의 지역적응성 평가 I. 연맥품종의 사초수량 및 사료가치 (Evaluaton of the Government Recommended Forage Cultivars in Korea I. Forage performance and quality of oat cultivars)

  • 김동암;전우복;신정남;권찬호;한건준;금종성;임상훈
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.101-109
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    • 1997
  • Nine oat(Avena sativa L.) cultivars have been recommended as the govemment recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, their forage performance and quality have mostly been tested at two locations, such as Suweon in the Middle Northwestem Coast Region and Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of six government recommended oat cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keongsan and Kwangju fom 1992 to 1994 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Among the oat cultivars tested, "West" was the highest yielding cultivar at all locations in 1992-94, but the lowest yielding cultivars varied by location and year. At both Icheon and Suweon, "Cayuse", "Magnum" and "Foothill", at Sunghwan, "Cayuse" , "Ensiler" and "Foothill", at Keongsan, "Magnum", "Cayuse" and "Swan", and at Kwangju, "Cayuse", "Magnum" and "Cayuse", were the lowest yielding cultivars in 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively. At all locations in 1992-94, "West" and "Swan" were the most advanced in growth stage, but "Cayuse", "Foothill", "Magnum" and "Ensiler" were the latest developing cultivars among the oats. Differences among the oat cultivars for the three-year mean NDF, ADF and IVDMD were small and inconsistent, but forage quality of the oats was generally lowest in the early developing cultivars and highest in the late developing cultivars. The govemment recommended oat cultivars tested were generally well adapted across the country, however, in forage production situations in the fall where high yield is more important, early maturing oat cultivars might be preferable to late cultivars because they have higher forage yield earlier in the fall.ction situations in the fall where high yield is more important, early maturing oat cultivars might be preferable to late cultivars because they have higher forage yield earlier in the fall.

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Identification and Characterization of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of SLC22A11 (hOAT4) in Korean Women Osteoporosis Patients

  • Lee, Woon Kyu;Kwak, Jin Oh;Hwang, Ji-Sun;Suh, Chang Kook;Cha, Seok Ho
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.265-271
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    • 2008
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common form of human genetic variation. Non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) change an amino acid. Organic anion transporters (OATs) play an important role in eliminating or reabsorbing endogenous and exogenous organic anionic compounds. Among OATs, hOAT4 mediates high affinity transport of estrone sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. The rapid bone loss that occurs in post-menopausal women is mainly due to a net decrease of estrogen. In the present study we searched for SNPs within the exon regions of hOAT4 in Korean women osteoporosis patients. Fifty healthy subjects and 50 subjects with osteoporosis were screened for genetic polymorphism in the coding region of SLC22A11 (hOAT4) using GC-clamp PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). We found three SNPs in the hOAT4 gene. Two were in the osteoporosis group (C483A and G832A) and one in the normal group (C847T). One of the SNPs, G832A, is an nsSNP that changes the $278^{th}$ amino acid from glutamic acid to lysine (E278K). Uptake of [$3^H$] estrone sulfate by oocytes injected with the hOAT4 E278K mutant was reduced compared with wild-type hOAT4. Km values for wild type and E278K were $0.7{\mu}M$ and $1.2{\mu}M$, and Vmax values were 1.8 and 0.47 pmol/oocyte/h, respectively. The present study demonstrates that hOAT4 variants can causing inter-individual variation in anionic drug uptake and, therefore, could be used as markers for certain diseases including osteoporosis.

Effects of different densities of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and nitrogen rates on oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) yield

  • Kazemeini, Seyed Abdolreza;Naderi, Ruhollah;Aliabadi, Hadis Karimi
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.167-172
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    • 2013
  • A Two-year field experiment was carried out in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the effects of different densities of wild oat and nitrogen (N) rates on oilseed rape yield and yield components. Experimental design was split plot with three replications. Increased nitrogen rates up to 150 kg N/ha caused an increase in oilseed rape grain yield in weed-free plots (4.26 t/ha; 1t = $10^3kg$), while even at the lowest density of wild oat (15 $plants/m^2$), increasing N fertilizer only up to 50 kg/ha led to a significant increase in grain yield. Wild oat growth was favored by high levels of N. Intraspecific competition reduced biomass, 100-seed weight and number of tillers of wild oat. Both lower N rate and intraspecific competition had negative effect on wild oat growth but the weed was still able to produce a considerable number of tillers and vigorous seeds. It showed that wild oat possess a notable adaptive plasticity and can allocate a greater proportion of its resource toward reproductive organs even under resource shortage conditions and, thus, it may increase the competitive ability of the weed over the crop.Our results suggest that effective weed management should be done to prevent wild oat seed production in crops preceding oilseed rape as well as to control the weed at early season in oilseed rape fields.

Hydration and Pasting Properties of Oat (Avena sativa) Flour

  • Choi, In-Duck;Han, Ok-Kyu;Chun, Ji-Yeon;Kang, Chon-Sik;Kim, Kyung-Hoon;Kim, Yang-Kil;Cheong, Young-Keun;Park, Tae-Il;Choi, Jae-Sung;Kim, Kee-Jong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.87-91
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    • 2012
  • Three oat cultivars and one oat breeding line were evaluated for chemical, hydration and pasting properties. Protein, starch and ${\beta}$-glucan levels ranged 11.13~14.37, 56.37~64.86 and 3.44~4.76%, respectively. The oat cultivars Daeyang and Seonyang contained higher ${\beta}$-glucan levels of 4.76 and 4.35%. The Daeyang variety had a higher water absorption index (WAI) of 2.83~3.35 (g/g), but a lower water solubility index (WSI) of 8.67~11.08%. Daeyang and Seonyang cultivars showed higher peak and trough viscosity, but lower breakdown and setback, indicating that they easily swell, and thus could possibly provide the desirable viscosity of an oat product. The ${\beta}$-glucan levels were correlated positively with WAI, peak and trough viscosity, and negatively to WSI, breakdown and setback viscosity.

Identification of Phospholipase C Activated by $GTP{\gamma}S$ in Plasma Membrane of Oat Cell

  • Kim, Hyae-Kyeong;Park, Moon-Hwan;Chae, Quae
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.387-391
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    • 1995
  • In order to investigate whether phospholipase C (PLC) activity in oat celIs is regulated by Gprotein, we have characterized PLC in plasma membranes of oat tissues. To identify the purified plasma membrane, $K^+$-stimulated, $Mg^{2+}$-dependent ATPase activity was measured. The activity of ATPase was shown to be proportional to the concentration of membrane protein. To examine the PLC activity regulated by G-protein, we used the inside-out and outside-out plasma membrane mixture isolated from the oat cells. The plasma membrane mixture showed higher PLC activity than the one of the outside-out plasma membrane. This suggests that PLC activity is located at the cytoplasmic surface of plasma membrane. PLC activity in plasma membrane mixture was dependent on $Ca^{2+}$ with maximum activity at 100 ${\mu}m$ $Ca^{2+}$ and it was inhibited by 1 mM EGTA. Using Sep-pak $Accell^{TM}$ Plus QMA chromatography, we found that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ($IP_3$) was produced in the presence of 10 ${\mu}m$ $Ca^{2+}$. The PLC activity in the membrane was enhanced by an activator of G-protein ($GTP{\gamma}S$) and not by an inhibitor ($GDP{\beta}S$). This indicates that a G-protein is involved in the activation of PLC in the plasma membrane of oat cells.

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Studies on cropping system for year-round forage crops production

  • Kang, Heonil;Lee, Donghyun;Han, Sangcheol;Choi, Insoo;Yun, Eulsoo;Lee, Jongki
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.333-333
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to establish of cropping system for year-round forage crops production in east-southern part of Korea and investigated their productivity and feed values. Cropping systems were tested in experiment using oat (cv. Highspeed and Darkhorse) in spring and autumn season, corn (cv. Kwangpyeongok) and sorghum (ss-450) in summer season and rye (cv. Gogu) and triticale (cv. Joseong) in winter season. Considering the forage productivity and feed value such as acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestive nutrients (TDN), this result suggest that three cropping system for year-round forage crops production. The combinations with triticale (winter), corn or sorghum (summer) and oat (autumn) were would be suitable ones. And also the combinations with rye (winter), corn or sorghum (summer) and oat (autumn) were would be suitable. If forage crops cultivation was started in spring season, the combinations with oat (spring), oat (autumn), triticale or rye (winter), corn or sorghum (summer) and oat (autumn) were would be appropriable. For the more suitable cropping system, we are proceeding on verification experiment of year-round forage crops.

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Beneficial Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculation on Oat Based Silage in South Korea

  • Ilavenil, Soundharrajan;Srigopalram, Srisesharam;Park, Hyung Soo;Kim, Won Ho;Lee, Kyung Dong;Choi, Ki Choon
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.207-211
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    • 2015
  • The objective of the study was to measure the beneficial effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculation on the nutritive value of oat silage collected from thirteen regions in the Republic of Korea. The contents of crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and crude ash (CA) were slightly lower in LAB inoculated silage when compared with the control silage, whereas inoculation of LAB resulted in increased total digestible nutrient (TDN). Higher number of LAB, but lower count of yeast and fungi indicated the effectiveness of the LAB inoculation on oat silage fermentation. LAB inoculation resulted in low pH silage, which may prevent undesirable microbial growth. The LAB inoculation promoted lactic acid dominant fermentation with marginal levels of acetic acid and butyric acid in oat silage. These data suggest that the LAB inoculation may preserve oat silage at better quality for ruminant animal production.

Comparison of Sensitivity Analysis Methods for Building Energy Simulations in Early Design Phases: Once-at-a-time (OAT) vs. Variance-based Methods

  • Kim, Sean Hay
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: Sensitivity analysis offers a good guideline for designing energy conscious buildings, which is fitted to a specific building configuration. Sensitivity analysis is, however, still too expensive to be a part of regular design process. The One-at-a-time (OAT) is the most common and simplest sensitivity analysis method. This study aims to propose a reasonable ground that the OAT can be an alternative method for the variance-based method in some early design scenarios, while the variance-based method is known adequate for dealing with nonlinear response and the effect of interactions between input variables, which are most cases in building energy simulations. Method: A test model representing the early design phase is built in the DOE2 energy simulations. Then sensitivity ranks between the OAT and the Variance-based methods are compared at three U.S. sites. Result: Parameters in the upper rank by the OAT do not much differ from those by the Main effect index. Considering design practices that designers would chose the most energy saving design option first, this rank similarity between two methods seems to be acceptable in the early design phase.

호밀품종의 조만성과 연맥-호밀의 파종량이 혼파사초의 수량과 사료가치에 미치는 영향 (Yield and Quality of Forage Mixture as Affected by Maturity of Rye Cultivar and Oat-Rye Seeding Rate)

  • 고한종;박형수;김수곤;김동암
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.239-250
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    • 2002
  • 본 시험은 사초용 연맥(Avena sativa L.)과 호밀(Secale cereale L.)의 혼파시 호밀 품종의 숙기 및 혼파량이 사초의 생육특성, 수량 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 1999년 8월부터 2000년 4월까지 서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 부속 실험목장 사초시험 포장에서 실시되었으며, 호밀 품종의 숙기가 다른 조생 품종인 ‘Koolgrazer'와 만생품종인 'Kodiak'을 주구로 하고 혼파량(T1: 연맥 200kg/ha + 호밀 0kg/ha, T2: 연맥 150kg/ha + 호밀 40kg/ha, T3: 연맥 100kg/ha + 호밀 80kg/ha, T4: 연맥 50kg/ha + 호밀 120kg/ha 및 T5: 연맥 0kg/ha + 호밀 160kg/ha)을 세구로 하는 분할구 시험법으로 3반복 설계 배치하였다. 연맥 호밀 혼파조합에서 가을 수확시 호밀 품종의 숙기는 사초의 조단백질 함량에 영향이 없었으나 호밀의 파종량이 증가함에 따라 조단백질 함량은 13.6%에서 19.3%로 높아졌다(P$<$0.05). 그러나 봄 수확시 만생품종이 15.1%로 10.1%인 조생품종에 비해 높았다(P$<$0.01). 사초의 ADF 함량은 가을 수확시는 호밀 품종의 영향이 없었으나 호밀의 파종량이 증가함에 따라 27.8%에서 20.7%로 감소했다(P$<$0.01). 봄 수확시 만생품종이 28.0%로 조생품종의 35.8%보다 낮았다(P$<$0.01). 또한 NDF 함량과 in vitro 건물소화율도 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 최고의 조사료 건물수량은 ha당 조생종 호밀 품종 80kg과 100kg의 연맥을 혼파한 처리구에서 12,356kg/ha의 건물수량을 나타내었다. 또한 호밀 품종의 숙기와 혼파량간의 유의적인 교효작용효과가 인정되었다(P$<$0.01). 본 시험의 결과를 종합할 때 옥수수의 후작으로 연맥이나 호밀의 재배시 단파보다는 혼파를 하는 것이 건물수량의 증수, 사료품질의 향상에 바람직하며, 혼파량은 ha당 호밀 80kg과 연맥 100kg이 적절하다. 또한 호밀 품종의 숙기는 만생품종보다 조생품종이 사초의 건물수량 증가와 조기수확의 이점이 있다고 생각된다.