• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.88-90
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• 2004

Data are a critical utility asset. Collecting correct data on site leads to accurate information. Data, when gathered with foresight & properly formatted, are useful to both existing database and easily transferable to newer, more comprehensive historical outage data. However, when investigating data items options, the task, can be an arduous one, often requiring the efforts of entire committees. This paper firstly discusses the KEPCO's past 10 years of historical outage data which include meterological data, and also by several elements of the National Weather Service, failure rate, outage duration, and probability classification, etc. Then, these collected data are automatically stored in an Outage Data Management System (ODMS), which allows for easy access and display. ODMS has a straight-forward and easy-to-use interface. It lets you to navigate through modules very easily and allows insertion, deletion or editing of data. In particular, this will further provide the KEPCO that not only helps with probabilistic security assessment but also provides a platform for future development of Probability Estimation Program (PEP).

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.377-382
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• 2001

Mechanical behavior and electrical resistance change of CPDP (carbon particle dispersed plastic) composite consisting of epoxy resin and conductive carbon particle were investigated under monotonic loading and repeated loading-unloading. The electrical resistance almost linearly increased with increasing strain during loading and the residual electrical resistance was observed even after removing load. The value of the residual electrical resistance was dependent on the maximum strain under the applied stress. This result suggests that the estimation of maximum strain (i.e., damage) is possible by the measuring electrical resistance of composite. The behavior of electrical resistance change during and after loading was discussed on the basis of the results of microscopic deformation and fracture observation. Moreover, the relationship between the volume fraction of carbon particle and the electrical resistivity of CPDP was investigated in relation to the percolation theory. Simulation model of percolation structure was established by Monte Carlo method and the simulation result was compared to the experimental results. The electrical resistance change under applied loading was analyzed quantitatively using the percolation equation and a simple model for the critical volume fraction of carbon particle as a function of the mechanical stress. It was revealed that the prediction was in good agreement with the experimental result except in the region near the failure of material.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.735-745
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• 2014

This paper presents PKES(PuKyung -Excel based Simulator) for WWTPs(wastewater treatment plants) by using MS Excel and VBA(Visual Basic for Application). PKES is a user-friendly simulator for the design and optimization of the whole plant including biological and physico-chemical processes for the wastewater and sludge treatment. PKES calculates the performance under steady or dynamic state and allows changing the mathematical model by the user. Mathematical model implemented in PKES is a improved integration model based on ASM2d and ADM1 for simulation of AS(activated sludge) and AD(anaerobic digestion). Gaseous components of $N_2$, $N_2O$, $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ are added for estimation of GHGs(greenhouse gases) emission. The simulation results for comparison between PKES and Aquasim(EAWAG) showed about the same effluent concentrations. As a result of verification using by measured data of BOD, TSS, TN and TP for 2 years of operation, calculated effluent concentrations were similar to measured effluent concentrations. The values of average RMSE(root mean square error) were 1.9, 0.8, 1.6 and 0.2 mg/L for BOD, TSS, TN and TP, respectively. Total GHGs emission of WWTP calculated by PKES was 138.5 ton-$CO_2$/day and GHGs emissions of $N_2O$, $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ were calculated at 21.7, 28.9 and 87.9 ton-$CO_2$/day, respectively. GHGs emission of activated sludge was 32.5 % and that of anaerobic digestion was 67.5 %.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.24-28
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• 2016

중유를 연소하는 D 발전소 탈황설비는 운전시간의 경과에 따라 흡수탑 내부에 석고 스케일이 부착되어 발전가능 최대출력의 하향조정이 발생되고 나아가 발전정지를 초래한다. 스케일 제거를 위한 탈황설비 세정은 발전가능 최대출력의 하향조정이 발생하는 시점으로 결정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 탈황설비의 운전 자료를 분석하여 발전가능 최대출력의 하향조정이 발생되기 6주전은 탈황설비 출구 $SO_2$ 농도값이 130ppm을 초과하고 동시에 흡수탑 차압은 $380mmH_2O$을 초과하며, 직전 흡수탑 세정 이후 44주가 경과된 시점이 됨을 확인하였다. 최종적으로 흡수탑의 세정시기는 직전 세정시점으로부터 50주가 경과된 시점임을 예측하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.557-565
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• 2010

Recently, regulations on toxic compounds in aquatic environment have been strengthened in korea due to the increasing public awareness of the water quality. Typically, these regulations include introduction of emerging toxic compounds and stricter effluent limitations for the already regulated compounds. However, too strict regulations may cause excessive burden on the industry. Therefore it is also important to assess the economic impacts when the new effluent limitation guidelines are introduced. The estimation of the additional cost for the wastewater dischargers to meet the new guidelines are based on the selected treatment technology to handle the hazardous substances and the regulatory levels for effluent limitations. To explore the procedures for cost estimation in enforcing new effluent limitations, a case study was performed specially for 1,4-dichlorobenzene. The pollutants of concern are surveyed for different industrial categories and various treatment technologies. For a given pollutant, the general performances of the treatment technologies are surveyed and a representative technology is selected. For a given technology, the capital cost and annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) cost was calculated. The calculation of baseline costs to operate ordinary treatment technologies is also important. The ratio between the cost for introducing new treatment process and the baseline cost required for conventional technology was used to evaluate the economic impact on the industry. For 1,4-dichlorobenzene, steam stripping and activated carbon processes were selected as the specific treatment technologies. The cost effects to the regulation of the compound were found to be 6.4% and 14.5% increase in capital cost and O&M cost, respectively, at the flow rate over $2,000m^3/d$ for the categories of synthetic resin and other plastics manufacturing industry. For the case of petrochemical basic compounds manufacturing industry, the cost increases were 5.8% and 12.4%, respectively. It was suggested that cost effect analysis to evaluate the economic impacts of new effluent limitations on the industry is crucial to establish more balanced and reasonable effluent limitations to manage the industrial wastewater containing emerging toxic compounds in the wastewater.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.555-563
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• 1996

Nationwide incidence survey was conducted to estimate the annual incidence rates of colorectal cancer among Koreans between Jan 1, 1988 and Dec 31, 1989. The population of the incidence survey was the beneficiaries of Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC), which were about 4,500,000 persons. The medical records of patients with diagnosis of either ICD-9 153(colon cancer), 154(rectal caner), 197(secondary malignant neoplasm of digestive and respiratory system), or 211(benign neoplasm of digestive system) were abstracted for the period with the standard format. The diagnosis was confirmed by one oncologist through the review of these abstracts. The numerator of the rate was finally defined as the incident colorectal cancer cases diagnosed between July 1, 1988 and June 30, 1989. The crude annual incidence of colorectal cancer for men was 13.1 per 100,000 and 10.6 for women, which was still low when compared with those of Japan and China during the same period. Age-adjusted sex ratio was 1.2 for right-sided colon cancer and 1.9 for left-sided colon cancer. The excess of right colon cancer among postmenopausal women was remarkable, so further analytical approach would be needed to investigate which factors are related with this phenomenon.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권3호통권134호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2003

To develop Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum (Liliaceae) for an available functional food, pharmacological experiments on the extracts of this plant were undertaken in the rat treated with streptozotocin, poloxamer-407 and $CCl_4$. The two MeOH extracts were obtained from the leaves and the bulbs, respectively. The three agents, streptozotocin, poloxamer-407 and $CCl_4$, were treated to induce diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hepatic injury, respectively. Treatment with the leaf extract lowered blood glucose by 24.9% at 200 mg/kg (p.o.) in the STZ-treated rat and prohibited the increase of body weight, water consumption and food intake. This exσact also significantly decreased not only thε plasma cholesterol and triglyceride in the poloxamer-407-treated rat by 35.3% but also serum ALT by 49.0%. The potency was found by overall estimation on the experimental results as followings: 200 mg/kg leaf extract> 200 mg/kg bulb extract> 100 mg/kg leaf exσact> 100 mg/kg bulb extract. These results suggested that this plant might have the availability for a functional food. It was also suggested that the leaves are more effective than the bulbs for the functional vegetable, especially in hyperlipidemia and hepatic injury.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2007

본 연구는 재래 돼지의 산육 능력을 개량하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 축산과학원에서 2001년부터 2006년까지 20 kg에 검정을 개시하고 70 kg에 검정을 종료하여 발육 능력을 조사한 546개의 재래 돼지 산육 능력 검정 자료를 활용하여 유전모수를 추정하였으며, 재래 돼지 사육 농가의 사양방법 개선을 위하여 2003년부터 2005년까지 조사된 재래 돼지성돈 및 검정돈 132두의 발육 단계별 체중 및 체위 조사 자료를 다중 회귀 분석하여 재래 돼지 발육 표준 자료를 제시하였다. 재래 돼지의 주요 산육 능력에 대한 유전력을 추정한 결과, 일당 증체량과 등지방 두께에서 중도의 유전력이 나타나는 것을 확인하였으며, 체중 및 체위에 대한 성장 곡선을 추정한 결과 11개월령 이후는 체장, 체고 및 흉폭의 변화가 거의 없는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통하여 본 연구에서 추정한 재래 돼지 산육 형질의 유전모수를 이용하여 육종가 추정과 후보돈 선발에 적용함으로써 유전적 개량을 증대시키고, 발육 단계별 체중 및 체위 표준 자료를 재래 돼지 능력향상 연구와 사육 방법 개선을 위한 기초 자료로 활용함으로써 재래 돼지의 산업화에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제7권
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• pp.39-51
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• 1969

The study involved determination of resistance levels of spider mites ta argano-phosphates using topical application and slide dip techniques; laboratory serening tests of alternative acaricides using an O/P resistant strain and a field trial of the screened materials. 1. Strains of Tetranychus were from Timaru(TR), Havelock Narth (HNR), Lincaln (LN). Germany (GR, GN). Comparisons of the resistant strains and normal strains at the LD50 and LC50 levels were as follows : (a) Using the topical application tochnique; with Parathian. resistant levels of the GR. TR and HNR strains of T. urticae were respeativuly, 1035. 484 and 452 times as resistant' as the LN strain. (b) Using the slide dip technique; with Phosdrin, resistant of GR, TR and HNR strains of T. urticae were 635, 274 and 266 times greater respeativuly, than the GN strain. 2. The laboratory sereaning tests were carried out far their contact plus stomach and residual effect to assess the toxicities of eleven alternative materials which would be used far control of O/P resistant strain of T. urticae. The acaricide groups represented were 3 organo-chlorines (Spidex, Kelthane and C 8514), 2 nitrophenyls (UC 19786 and Morocide), 2 cyclic carbonates(Eradex and Morestan). I carbamate (UC2004 7A), 1 mixture of carbamate and orano-chlorine and 2 other chemicals (C 8677 and M2527). From all acaricide tested. Kelthane and Morocide were the most effective, folowed by Spidex and M2527. Morestan, C8514. C8677 and RS 143 were intermediate, but Eradex, UC 19786 and UC 20046A were poor. 3, The number of sapmles required for estimation of the population in the field evaluation of acaricidal effects was one giving the highest practical precision. It was decided, after preliminary sampling trials. to use samples of 30 leaves per replicate which gave a $5.7\%$ standard error. 4. In the field trials, Morocide applied at the $0.05\%\;and\; 0.04\%$ a. i. conc. to black currant trees gave excellent control of O/P resistant population of T. urticae for about 12 days, but Morocide 0.025 and Kel thane $0.02\%$ a. i. cone. gave efficient control for about 6 days. In other words. first applications of Kel thane ane Moroeide gave very high degrees of control of O/P resistant population of the two-spotted spider mite. However, the results indicate that secondary application would sometimes be necessary. There was no foliage damage of black Currants and strawberries by either acaricides at the concentrations used. Acknowledgment ... The authors are grateful to: Dr. R. P. pottinger, Senior Lecturer in Agricultural Zoology. Lincoln college. New Zealand. for his helpful assistance in aiding with the organization of thd field work. Department of agriculture officers for mite colonies. Mr. D. A. Slade, Technical Advisor. Fruitgrowers' Federation (now at Massey University) for his assistance and provision of mites for testing. Mr T. McRae of Timaru for permission to use his crops for field tests. The following chemical companies and I or their New Zealand agents for so readily supplying samples of acarides; Ivan Watkins-Dow Limited. Fruitgrowers Chemical Company Limited. Henry H. York & company (New Zealand). Shell Oil (New Zealand) Limited.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 1978

1년생(年生) 수삼근(水蔘根)과 엽병(葉柄)(petiole)으로 조직배양(組織培養)한 callus 양자간(兩者間)의 유효성분(有效成分)인 saponins 및 sapogenins에 관하여 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. (1) 인삼(人蔘)과 callus는 Liebermann-Burchard 반응(反應)에서 양성(陽性)으로 확인(確認)되었다. (2) Ginsenoside $Rx[x=o,a,b_1,b_2,c,e,d,g(f)]$의 Rf치(値)는 거의 일치(一致)하였으며 상대함량비(相對含量比)는 인삼(人蔘)에서 Rb,c : Rg(f)=21.1 : 20.5 (1.03 : 1), Rb,c,d : Re,g(f)=22.8 : 26.9(1 : 1.17)이었으며, callus에서 Rb,c : Rg(f)= 18.2 8.4(2.16 : 1) Rb,c,d : Re,g(f)=19.28 : 31.6(1 : 1.63)이었다. (3) 인삼(人蔘)과 callus의 sapogenins에 있어서 diol; triol, oleanolic acid, ${\beta}-sitosterol$의 Rf치(値)는 거의 일치(一致)하였으며 상대함량비(相對含量比)는 인삼(人蔘)에서 diol : triol = 13.8 : 7.4(1.86 : 1)이었고, callus에서 diol : triol = 19.2 : 7.2(2.66 : 1)이었다.