• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.240-244
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different surfactants on the fertilizer reduction and increase of the mineral nutrients uptake of lettuce (Latuca sativa L. 'Hanbatchungchima') in deep flow technique culture. The measured items from lettuce leaves expanded fully were growth, photosynthetic and transpiration rate, and mineral nutrient content K, Ca and Mg, respectively. The highest growth were observed at $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ polyvinyl alcohol (PV4-95) treatment, including lettuce grown in the half strength of nutrient solution. The highest photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and mineral nutrient content were observed at $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ calcium lignosulfate (CLS) treatment. Therefore, high-quality leaf lettuce production could be achieved by apply proper surfactants PVA-95 and CLS, which can cut down the total amount of fertilizer and increase uptake of mineral nutrients.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.211-220
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate soil nutrient concentrations and N uptake efficiency of paddy rice as affected by nutrient sources from 2009 to 2011. The treatments included chemical fertilizer, compost, oilcake, oilcake 2X, hairy vetch, vetch+rye, and control. Nutrient applications were made at rates equivalent to approximately 90 kg of actual N per hectare. Oilcake had the lowest C:N ratio from the raw materials, but compost had the highest C:N ratio of 34:1. Soil pH and concentrations of C, N, Ca, and Mg were unaffected by nutrient source treatments. N uptake efficiency was the greatest for oilcake-treated rice compared to those treated by NPK, hairy vetch, and compost in 2009 and 2010. Composttreated rice had the greatest N uptake efficiency in 2011 when the high amount of precipitation occurred.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate soil nutrient concentrations and fertilizer recovery of sorghum- sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) as affected by organic nutrient sources. The treatments included livestock compost, alfalfa hay, oilcake, and chemical fertilizer. Nutrient applications were made at the rates equivalent to approximately 210 kg N per hectare. The oilcake and alfalfa materials had the lowest C : N ratio, but the livestock compost had the highest C:N ratio such as 33.7 : 1. The livestock compost resulted in the highest input to ground surface, which increased nutrient concentrations in soil. The oilcake and alfalfa materials with low C : N ratios increased N-mineralization rate in soil compared to livestock. The N uptake efficiency in plants treated by alfalfa or oilcake was approximately 60% of those treated with chemical fertilizer; but those with livestock compost had N uptake efficiency lower than 20%. The $P_2O_5$ uptake efficiency was the highest in the plants treated with the alfalfa hay, but the lowest in those with livestock compost. Recommendation of organic material selection should consider C:N ratio of the raw materials based on the individual crop requirement.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.211-221
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of animal slurry on nitrogen uptake of hairy vetch and growth of chinese cabbage in cropping system. Hairy vetch was seeded on September 20 in 2003 . We examined the effect of cover crop(hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and slurry application(0, l00, 200kg N/ha) on yield and N uptake. Dry matter yield and nitrogen uptake of hairy vetch were measured. The chinese cabbage succeeding cover crop was harvested in 2004. The nitrogen uptake of hairy vetch was 84, 121, 148kg N/ha respectively, when the slurry application was 0, 100 and 200kg N/ha. In addition. N uptake of hairy vetch at the plot of 100kg and 200 kg N/ha slurry were 44% and 76% higher than that of the plot without slurry application respectively. Slurry application of hairy vetch could increase nitrogen uptake by application of green manure at the harvesting time. the content of organic matter and P-content of soil with hairy vetch plot was higher than that of fallow plot due to inhibition of soil erosion. The organic matter levels tend to improve with the addition of hairy vetch. Hairy vetch could improve soil quality by reducing erosion compared with bare fallow. The green manure of hairy vetch with animal slurry maintained soil nutrient and reduced nitrogen fertilizer of chinese cabbage. The hairy vetch residues decomposed rapidly releasing half of their residues within 40 days after burial. The yield of chinese cabbage was 90% in the plot of manure of hairy vetch compared with chemical fertilizer. The yield in the plot treated with green manure of hairy vetch and 50% of chemical fertilizer was reduced 5% less than that of chemical fertilizer. Therefore, it was estimated that the green manure of hairy vetch-chinese cabbage cropping system could reduce nitrogen chemical fertilizer as much as 84~148kgN/ha. the green manure of hairy vetch with animal slurry maintained soil nutrient and reduced nitrogen fertilizer of chinese cabbage.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.301-304
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• 2008

For bioremediation of the benthic layer uptake kinetics of phosphate by microphytobenthos Nitzschia sp.(JFH200406) were investigated. A short-term phosphate uptake revealed that the maximum uptake rate(${\rho}_{max}$) and half-saturation constant($K_s$) were 0.132 pmol/cell/hr and 502.6 ${\mu}M$, respectively. The maximum specific uptake rate calculated between ${\rho}_{max}$ and the phosphorus cell quota($Q_p$), calculated from Strathmann equation, was 14.4/day. The values of these parameters indicate that Nitzschia sp. accommodates well to surroundings of high phosphate, and can uptake over 14-times more than the phosphorus cell quota. Thus, microphytobenthos Nitzschia sp. may be a useful species for bioremediation of the benthic layer.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.330-334
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• 2005

The effect of a new hepatoprotective agent, YH-439, on the hepatobiliary transport of a model organic cation (OC), TBuMA (tributylmethylammonium), was investigated. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero to 4 h following iv administration of TBuMA (6.6 $\mu$mol/kg) was increased significantly when YH-439 in corn oil (300 mg/kg) was orally administered to rats 24 h prior to the experiment. Nevertheless, the cumulative biliary excretion of TBuMA remained unchanged. As a consequence, the apparent biliary clearance ($CL_b$) of TBuMA was decreased significantly as a result of YH-439 pretreatment, consistent with the fact that the in vivo excretion clearance of TBuMA across the canalicular membrane ($CL_{exc}$) was not changed by the pretreatment. The in vitro uptake of TBuMA into isolated hepatocytes was decreased by one half by the pretreatment, owing to a decrease in the apparent V$_{max}$ and $CL_{linear}$, but the $K_m$ for the process remained constant. Most interestingly, however, the sinusoidal uptake of glucose, a nutrient, into hepatocytes was not influenced by the pretreatment, suggesting the YH-439 pretreatment specifically impaired the sinusoidal uptake of OCs. Thus, the OC-specific inhibition of hepatic uptake, without influencing the uptake of glucose, a nutrient, appeared to be associated with the hepatoprotective activity of YH-439.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.170-176
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• 1983

The results obtained from the experiments conducted to investigate Cruciferae plants in rape dependent on the amount of applied fertilizer in aspects of mineral nutrient uptake and on the effects of the composition of oil quality are as follows: Absorption of mineral nutrients in the respective pars of the plant body was high in nitorgen in the order of leaf and stem

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1127-1142
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• 2011

The aim of this investigation was to select effective Pseudomonas sp. strains that can enhance the productivity of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Out of 13 strains of Pseudomonas species tested in vitro, only five strains displayed plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties. All the strains significantly increased soil enzyme activities, except acid phosphatase, total system productivity, and nutrient uptake in field evaluation; soil nutrient status was not significantly influenced. Available data indicated that six strains were better than the others. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled cluster analysis of yield and nutrient data separated these strains into five distinct clusters with only two effective strains, GRP3 and HHRE81 in cluster IV. In spite of single cluster formation by strains GRP3 and HHRE81, they were diverse owing to greater intracluster distance (4.42) between each other. These results suggest that the GRP3 and HHRE81 strains may be used to increase the productivity efficiency of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Moreover, the PCA coupled cluster analysis tool may help in the selection of other such strains.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.191-196
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• 2004

The contribution of plant nutrition status in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plant to the nutrient acquisition by extraradical hyphae of AM fungi was investigated using cucumber colonized with Glomus intraradicies (BEG 110) focusing on the Zn. Compartmentalized pots with separated Bones for hyphal growth were used to determine the contribution of extraradical AM hyphae to Zn uptake from hyphal zones. $0.5\;{\mu}M$ Zn was supplied into the hyphal zones as nutrient solution (10 mL/day) with a form of $ZnSO_4$. Zn foliar application was made two times for one week before harvest (8 mL/plant). The colonization rate by AM were high in all of Zn treatments. The dry weight of cucumber increased by AM colonization compared to those of non-mycorrhizal counterpart. However: Zn foliar application resulted in no significant difference in dry weight between mycorrhizal- and non-mycorrhizal plant. In addition, the enhancement of Zn content in cucumber shoot by AM colonization were also reduced by Zn foliar application. These results indicate that the interaction between host plant and AM fungus for nutrient uptake might be related to plant nutritional status and nutrient contents. In consequence, higher Zn contents in host plant by foliar application of Zn could restrict the role of extraradical hyphae of AM fungus on the Zn acquisition and transfer from fungus to host plant.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2011

In order to exploit Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 as of plant growth promoting agent, different inoculation methods have been evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate soil, foliar, and soil+foliar inoculations of M. oryzae CBMB20 to improve the growth, fruit yield, and nutrient uptake of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under greenhouse conditions. The population range of green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged M. oryzae CBMB20 using the three inoculation methods was 2.5-2.9 ${\log}_{10}$ cfu/g in the rhizosphere and 4.5-6.0 ${\log}_{10}$ cfu/g in the phyllosphere of red pepper plants. Confocal laser scanning microscopy results confirmed the colonization of M. oryzae CBMB20 endophytically on leaf surface. Plant height, fruit dry weight, and total biomass were significantly higher ($p{\leq}0.05$) in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods as compared to non-inoculated control. Furthermore, uptake of mineral nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in red pepper plants in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods was higher than in non-inoculated control. Comparative results of inoculation methods clearly demonstrated that soil+foliar inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20 lead to the highest biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake which may be due to its efficient colonization in the red pepper rhizosphere and phyllosphere.