• 농업과학연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.225-234
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• 1976

섬유소 분해균 Cellulomonas sp. CS1-1의 각종 탄소원에서의 ${\beta}$-글루코시다아제 생성을 살피기 위하여 Quickfit FVIL 발효장치를 이용하고, 뉴트리엔트 이스트브로스, 카르복시멜틸셀룰로오스, 아비셀, 셀로비오스 등을 탄소원으로 한 배지에 뱃치로 배양하여 그 배양적 특성과 세포내 또는 세포외 ${\beta}$-글루코시다아제의 분포를 검토한 결과 : i)${\beta}$-글루코시다아제는 공시한 모든 배양 조건하에서 생성되었고 세포내 효소로서 배양여액에서는 검출되지 않았다. ii) 뉴트리엔트 이스트브로스와 카르복시메틸 셀룰로오스를 탄소원으로 할 때 보다 셀로비오스 및 아비셀을 탄소원으로 하는 경우 효소의 비활성도가 높았다. iii) 공시한 모든 기질에서 공히 균의 대수기(對數期)에 극대치의 비활성도를 나타내었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-66
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• 2008

The fermentation broth (FB) of Streptomyces griseofuscus 200401 isolated from non-farming soil showed antagonistic activity against powdery mildew fungus both in melon leaf/seedling assay and in field trials. The FB of S. griseofuscus 200401 was tested at different concentrations. In primary test, the control value of 2-fold diluted FB of S. griseofuscus 200401, compared to control, reached to 82.8%. The protective activity recorded 80.5% in 2-fold dilution of FB. The effect was reduced to 28.9% in high dilution (100-fold) treatment. The curative effect was relatively lower than protective activity. In field test, the antifungal activities of S. griseofuscus 200401 remained low in blocks sprayed with 100-fold diluted FB and the control values were 15.2 and 15.9% in 2005 and 2006, respectively. However, the activities were as high as 65% and 67.3% in the blocks treated with 2-fold dilution of FB during the same period.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-89
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• 1978

The RK-temperate phage which infected with Bacillus cereus was isolated and the characters were investigated. The induction of RK-temperate phage from host bacterium attained by ultraviolet light irradiation (15W, 30cm, 30-120sec) and mitomycin C treatment (0.2-2 ug/ml). The host range of RK-temperate phage was not revealed with lysogenic and related strains of B. cereus. But B. cereus(PS) 352 which obtained by N-nitrosoguanidine treatment(1,000.$\mu$g/ml) to phage infected with host bacteria was sensitive bacteria of RK-temperate phage. RK-temperate phage was stabilized at the condition of nutrient broth (pH 7-8), Tris-buffer (pH 7-8) and ammonium buffer (pH 8-9) and Sorensen's phosphate buffer (pH 6-7), but unstabilized at other salt solutions and pH range. Also, thermostability was to 45.deg.C but unstabilized at above 50.deg.C. At RK-temperate phage, the measurment values of head, neck, mid tail and end tail were 59nm, 9*16nm, 10*189nm, and 10*14nm respectively. The morphology of head was regular polyhedron, and the end tail was coneate form. On the one hand, the number of capsid protein layer of tail were consist of 4, 35, and 1 at neck, mid tail, and end tail, respectively. RK-temperate phage was identified with DNA phage and G+C contents were 38.63. The latent time of RK-temperate phage was 30 minutes and the burst size was 70-80. And the host bacteria was lysed in case of multi-infection, above moi 1.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1991

The production of poly-$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) from methanol by batch and fed-batch cultivations of Methylobacterium sp. GL-10 was studied. PHB accumulation was stimulated by the nutrients deficiency including, NH4+, SO42-, and K+. The nitrogen deficiency was the most critical factor for PHB accumulation. In batch cultivation, the maximum cell concentration and PHB content were 1.86g/l and 0.62g/l, respectively, with 1.0%(v/v) of methanol and 0.5g/1 of ammonium sulfate. The mass doubling time of Methylobacterum sp. GL-10 was in the range of 4-5 hrs. The cell growth and PHB accumulation were severely inhibited at the methanol concentration over than 2% (v/v). To overcome methanol Inhibition, constant feeding and intermittent feedillg fed-batch cultivations were adopted, using C/N molar ratio as a control factor. In constant feeding fed-batch process, cell concentration was increased up to 2.67g/1, and PHB yield was enhanced from 0.33 of batch culture to 0.53. The relatively low cell concentration was caused by methanol accumulated in culture broth at late growth phase. To prevent methanol accumulation and to maximize PHB production, DO-state intermittent fed-batch cultivation was attempted. The cell and PHB concentration was reached up to 4.55g/1 and 1.80g/1, respectively. It was possible to maintain methanol concentration low and also to feed nutrient of desired C/N molar ratio.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 1985

The incitant of soft rot on burley tobacco leaves in the curing vinylhouse was identified as Erwinia carotovra subsp. carotovora on the basis of its physiological characters. The bacterium yew best at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, but no growth was detectable at $40^{\circ}C$ in the nutrient broth for 24 hours period. Burley tobacco leaves inoculated with the bacteria (Ecc) produced typical soft rot lesions when the incubation temperature was 25 to $30^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity was more than 8075, however, the lesion development was suppressed when the temperature was $40^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity was below 80%. Significant negative correlation was found between hanging space in the curing vinylhouse and the incidence of soft rot on the tobacco leaves harvested in a rainy day regardless of streptomycin treatment.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.449-453
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• 1990

인삼 추출물인 saponin이 Bacillus cereus의 성장에 미치는 영향을 세포의 성장 및 영양물질의 세포내 유입 정도와 효소 활성도를 관찰함으로써 알아보았다. 인삼 saponin을 Bacillus cereus의 배양액에 첨가하였을 때, 영양물질의 세포내 유입이 증가하고 이들 물질의 대사와 관련된 효소의 활성도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, saponin에 의해 Bacillus cereus 개체군의 전반적인 성장이 증가하였다. 성장의 증가 현상은 인삼 saponin이 세포막에 먼저 작용하여 세포의 영양물질 흡수 통로인 영양물질 결합 부위를 노출시켜 영양물질의 흡수를 증진시킨데 기인한 것으로 사료되는 바이다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2002

Sourdough 빵을 생산하기 위해 사용되는 유산균중 Lb. brevis는 높은 산 생성율과 단백질 분해 활성과 sourdough 발효중 발생되는 휘발성 화합물의 합성에 뚜렷하게 기여를 하여 많이 사용되고 있다. 따라서 본 실험은 김치에서 분리한 유산균을 sourdough starter로 사용하기 위한 첫 번째 단계로서 Lactobacillu brevis UC-22의 배양 특성 및 최적 성장조건을 조사하였다. 온도에 따른 증식은 35$^{\circ}C$에서 배양한 것이 PH의 저하 및 증식이 가장 양호하였으며 이에 병행하여 산 생성량도 균주의 대수 증식기에서 활발하게 분비되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 배지내의 pH에 따른 균의 생장은 pH 5.5와 pH6.5일 때 증식이 우수하게 나타났다. Lb. brevis의 특징적인 탄소원 이용은 glucose보다는 오히려 maltose를 더 선호하는 경향이 있다고 하였으나 본 실험에 사용된 Lactobacillus brevis UC-22는 maltose와 glucose의 첨가에 따른 성장 정도는 큰 차이점을 보이지 않았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2006

20여종의 Monascus속의 균주로 부터 mevinolin의 생산능이 우수하면서도 곰팡이 독소성분 citrinin을 생산하지 않는 우량균주를 선발하였으며, 콩시료에 대한 고상발효를 최적화하기 위한 영양배지의 조성물이 검토되었다. 선발된 M. pilosus IFO 480으로 발효시킨 홍국콩 발효물에 함유된 mevinolin의 주요 화합물은, 약리학적 활성형(drug)의 mevinolinic acid 밝혀졌다(91.8%). 따라서 홍국 발효콩은 생체활성형의 항 콜레스테롤 성분을 최대 0.22% 까지 함유하는, 안전한 건강 기능성식품 소재로서의 활용가능성이 높은 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.314-327
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• 1999

This study was investigated to isolate identify the total bacteria and fungi from the indoor air of work-place of the shoes, paint, stainless steel, and plastic industries. The number of bacterial colonies on the nutrient agar plates were calculated by the open petridish method for 30 minutes in indoor air of work-places at the autumn and winter. The isolated bacteria were identified by Gram stain and biochemical test using API Staph and API 20E kits. The isolated fungal colonies were identified by gross appearance of the giant colonies and microscopic examination of their spore and hyphal characteristics on the slide culture method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of several antibiotics against isolated bacteria was determined by the microdilution method with Mueller-Hinton broth. The 70-400 colonies in autumn and 54-236 colonies in winter were isolated from the indoor air of work-places of several industry. The isolation rates of Gram positive cocci, Gram positive bacilli, Gram negative bacilli, and Gram negative cocci were 46.3%, 19.8%, 17.3%, and 16.1%, respectively. In Gram positive cocci, the most strains were identified as Aerococcus spp, Micrococcus spp, and Staphylococcus spp. In Gram positive and negative bacilli, and Gram negative cocci were identified as Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Neisseria spp, respectively. The frequently isolated fungi were Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp and Rhizopus spp, respectively. The frequently isolated Aerococcus spp, Micrococcus spp, and Staphylococus spp were highly resistance against ampicillin, erythromycin, methicillin, and tetracycline. These results arouse our attention to microbiologic pollution in the indoor air of work-places of industries.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1999

Two extracellular proteases, EP I and EP II, from cells of Oligotropha carboxydovorans (formerly Pseudomonas carboxydovorans) DSM 1227 grown in nutrient broth were purified to greater than 95% homogeneity in five steps using azocasein as a substrate. The final specific activities of EPs I and II were 214.9 and 667.4 units per mg of protein. The molecular weights of native EPs I and II were determined to be 23,000. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis revealed the two enzymes to be monomers. The enzymes were found to be serine-type proteases. The activity of EP I was stimulated by Ca2+, Mg2+, and Ba2+, but that of EP II was not. The enzymes were completely inhibited by Fe2+, Hg2+, Co2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+. EDTA and EGTA exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on EP I. The optimal pH for the two enzymes was pH 9.0. The optimal temperatures for EP I and II were 60 and 50$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The enzymes were stable under alkaline conditions. The thermal stability of EP I was higher than that of EP II. Cell-free extracts did not inhibit the purified enzymes. The enzymes were active on casein, azocasein, azocoll, and carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, but weakly active with bovine serum albumin.