• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2000

Primary school is regarded as an important period when many health-related behaviors and life-styles begin to be formed. Acquiring them through school heath education has a strong influence on the health promotion of not only the family but also the community. The goal of this study is to provide baseline data to develop a suitable smoking prevention program for the first graders of middle school. In order to provide this baseline data, the relationships between knowledge and attitudes of the adolescent regarding smoking, and the degree of their stress and self-esteem of the adolescent were explored To achieve this goal a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the students in two middle schools in Kwang-ju City by school nurses, 400 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SAS-Fe. The findings were as follows; 1. The subjects of this study were 225 male and 179 female, their average age of than was 12.7. Two students were smoking currently and 49 students had smoked. They started smoking at the mean age of 10.0. 2. Students who were not smoking showed more positive attitudes regarding anti- smoking(F=34.07, p=0.0001), perceived less stress(F=8.32, p=0.0003), and had higher self-esteem(F=15.35, p=0.0001). 3. Those who had the intention to smoke in the future showed more negative attitudes regarding anti-smoking(F=38.97, p=0.0001), perceived more stress(F=4.87, p=0.002) and had lower self-esteem(F=5.55, p=0.0042) 4. Those who had a better self-perception of school performance showed more positive attitudes regarding smoking(F=8.28, p=0.0003), perceived less stress(F=3.48, p=0.0316), and had higher self-esteem(F=22.36, p=0.0001). Those who frequently communicate with their parent showed more positive attitudes regarding anti-smoking(F=4.27, p=0.0082), and had high self-esteem(F=13.28, p=0.0001). 5. There were positive correlations between the attitudes regarding smoking and the self esteem of the adolescent(r=0.36498, p=0.0001), and a negative correlation between the self esteem and the perceived stress of the adolescent(r=-0.34763, p=0.0001). From the above results, we notice adolescent's smoking were related not only with knowledge regarding smoking but also with the intention to smoke in the future, attitudes regarding smoking, and the degree of their stress and self-esteem. So the smoking prevention program to reduce adolescent smoking should include the strategies to increase self-esteem and to address the perceived stress and the dangers of smoking.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1207-1218
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• 2000

This study examined all the research published in Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (JKAN) for last 30 years, from its beginning year to year 1999, based on an objective frame of evaluation. The purpose of this study is to reflect the trend of nursing research in Korea to date, and to provide an optimal direction for future research. The total number of 959 studies were analyzed with the following results. 1. Since 1990s, the number of non-degree based research has been larger than that of degree-based research compared to 1970s and 1980s. Both collaborative and funded research has been particularly increased in a gradual rate. 2. Research on nurses or nursing students has decreased while research on more diverse populations such as patients, patient families, or community-dwelling healthy clients has increased. 3. While essential nursing concepts such as human, nursing, and health have been consistently dealt as main research topics, research related to the concept of environ- ment has been insufficiently conducted. 4. It was remarkable that the quality of nursing research has been improved due to the acknowledgement of the importance of the empirical research method within the nursing community. 5. Qualitative research has appeared in the journal since the late 1990s, but it is still regarded to be in its novice stage. 6. Although the utilization of research findings for expanding the nursing body of knowledge has been wide in diverse specialties, most studies are limited to focus on concept development or evolution yet. also, in some of these research finding are utilization already considerably as to develop nursing interventions. Based on these findings, conclusions are extended to the following discussions: For the last 30 years, nursing research in Korea has shown an acute methodological development in both quantity and quality. However, there has been a lack of research on theory development although it is one of the ultimate goals in nursing. Further research should be empirical enough to be utilized in an actual nursing care context, and thus to be basis of developing culturally competent nursing theories in Korea.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 1994

This study is aimed at providing basic information necessary to set up education program and strategies to prevent high school students from smoking by school health care service. The main groups of study are 814 third-grade male students, 557 parents and 362 teachers, who were randomly chosen at 8 high schools in Seoul. Date analysis consisted of Chi-square test and percentage. The findings of the study are as follows: 1. The less interesting family life is, the more increasing current smoking rate is, (ex-smoking rate 53.5%, re-smoking rate 40.3%, current smoking rate 24.3%) 2. According th the results of $x^2$-test for the school life and the smoking, the students above ranking 41 showed th increase as 48.7% for continuous smoking, 18.9% for re-smoking, 67.6% for the present smoker. But it turned out that the students belonged to ranking 10 were not experienced the smoking. So it showed that there was a correlation between score and smoking. 3. It is noted that 93.3% of students, 93.3% of parents and 96.1% of teachers recognize harmful effect of smoking. But less than 70% those have recognized only half of all smoking knowledge. 4. There is a significant difference in the contends and types of education between parents and teachers. 5. For the time of home education and school health education to prevent the smoking, it turned out that 44.9% of students, 42.4% of parents, and 47.4% of teachers considered the optimal time as a high school' days. In addition it appeared that 40.5% of students, 33.4% of parents, and 54.6% of teachers recognized the necessity of the early education before the elementart school. For the optimal time to begin school health education, it showed that the middle school days were indicated from 56.6% of students, 52.7% of parents, the elementary school days were 54.6% of parents, the elementary school days were 54.6% of teachers.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.469-476
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• 2020

본 연구는 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 통해 문제중심학습을 경험하고 있는 대학생들의 효과적인 튜터의 역할에 대한 의미를 파악하기 위한 질적 연구이다. 연구대상자는 PBL을 경험한 적이 있는 간호학과 4학년 학생이며, 총 21명을 3개의 그룹으로 나누어 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 자료는 의미 있는 주제를 찾기 위해 내용분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구결과 2개의 주제(동기적 측면과 지식적 측면)와 허용적 분위기 형성, 상호작용촉진을 위한 격려, 학생들의 고른 참여 유도, 동료 참여자, 학습속도 조절, 학습목표에 부합하는 시나리오 및 문제 개발, 학습과정의 진행에 대한 길잡이, 피드백을 통한 지식확장 등의 8개 범주로 분석되었다. 연구결과를 토대로 문제중심학습에서 학생들이 인식하는 효과적인 튜터의 역할을 정리하면, 첫째는 학생들이 생각을 자유롭게 펼치고, 상호작용을 할 수 있도록, 허용적인 분위기를 조성한다. 둘째는 칭찬과 격려를 아끼지 않는다. 셋째는 모든 학습자가 참여하도록 한다. 특히 참여가 저조한 학습자에게는 질문을 하여 적극적인 토의를 촉진시켜야 한다. 넷째는 불필요한 개입은 피하며 토론에 함께 참여한다. 다섯째는 학습속도를 조절하며, 시간을 잘 관리하여야 한다. 여섯째는 목표에 부합하는 시나리오를 개발하며, 일곱째는 학습자의 사고를 촉진할 수 있는 질문을 중심으로 수업을 운영하고, 여덟째는 학습자의 응답에 긍정적인 피드백을 제공하여 지식을 형성할 수 있도록 도와주는 역할을 수행하게 된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.788-794
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• 2011

대학생들의 식사규칙성과 구강건강지식 및 구강건강의 수준과 그들의 관련성을 확인하는 것을 목적으로 본 연구를 시도하였다. 본 연구는 상관성 조사연구로 D시와 C도에 위치한 3개 대학(교)에 재학 중인 대학생을 대상으로 2010년 6월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 1000부의 설문지 배포 후 최종 903부를 수거하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS PASW Statistics 18.0 Program으로 분석하였다. 조사결과 대상자의 50%이상이 식사습관이 규칙적이지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 구강건강지식에서는 치주병 예방방법(82.6%)에 대한 지식 정답률이 가장 높았다. 대학생들의 일반적인 특성에 따른 식사규칙성과 구강건강지식, 구강건강을 분석한 결과 식사규칙성은 학년(p<.001), 전공(p<.01), 흡연(p<.05) 및 음주 (p<.001), 희망치과치료(p<.01)에서, 구강건강지식은 성별(p<.001), 연령(p<.05), 학년(p<.05), 흡연(p<.01) 및 치아검진(p<.05) 등에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 한편 구강건강은 희망치과치료(p<.001)에서만 통계적 유의성이 나타났다. 또한 본 연구 대상자들의 식사규칙성, 구강건강지식 및 구강건강 간의 상관관계에서는 식사규칙성이 구강건강과 유의한 음의 상관관계(p<.01)를 보여 식사습관이 규칙적일수록 구강건강이 양호한 경향성을 보이는 것으로 볼수 있다. 구강건강을 유지하기 위한 교육은 어렸을 때부터 규칙적인 식습관을 갖도록 하며, 음주와 흡연이 구강건강에 미치는 영향과 올바른 잇솔질부터 교육하는 것이 중요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 1996

The purpose of the survey was to identify the degree and the relationship of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and need of sex education. This information will provide useful data for a more systematic. desirable, and practical sex education. The data was collected from 300 first grade schoolchildren (150 boys and 150 girls) of two Junior high school in K city. The data was gathered by questionnaire from Nov.21 to 28, 1995. The questionnaire was modified by authors using the questionnaire developed by Lief & Reed. Data was analyzed by using the statistical computer package, SAS to manipulate the data along with percentages, means, standard deviation, t-test, $X^2$-test, GLM, and Pearson correlation coeffiency. The results in this study were summarized as follows: 1. Sexual knowledge. - The mean score of sexual knowledges showed no significant differences between boys and girls(p<0.6180), but in the areas of biological differences(boys; $11.57{\pm}2.43$, girls; $10.93{\pm}2.41$, p<0.0242), and pregnancy physiology(boys; $9.28{\pm}1.87$, girls; $10.04{\pm}2.42$, p<0.0026) showed significant difference between boys and girls. 2. Sexual attitudes. - The mean score of sexual attitudes showed no significant difference between boys and girls (p<0.8286), but in the areas of masturbation (boys : $6.69{\pm}2.22$, girls : $5.65{\pm}1.88$, p<0.0001), and premarital intercourse (boys : $5,42{\pm}1.35$, girls : $6.00{\pm}1.33$, p<0.0002) showed significant difference between boys and girls 3. Need of sex education. - The majority of the subjects wanted to learn about sexual delinquency and it's prevention(57.7%), form a friendship with the other sex(56.3%), physical differences of the other sex(52.0%), psychological differences and the charateriatics of the other sex (50.3%) and meaning of love(50.3%). 4. The relationships between sexual knowledges and sexual attitudes. - Those who had higher sexual knowledges showed more positive attitudes towards sex, and showed statistical significance(r=0.2074, p<0.0003). 5. The relationships between general charateristics and sexual knowledge. - Better students(by self-perception of school performance) had higher knowledge scores about sex. 6. The relationships between general charateristics and sexual attitudes. - Those who wanted to learn more about sex, and better students had higher attitude scores about sex. - Those who were in high standard of living had higher attitude scores about sex as well. Suggestions based on above study are as follows' 1. The planned sex education showed be performed to the schoolchildren establish responsible attitudes about sex. 2. Systematic sex education through formal school education according to age is recommended. 3. Further studies should be done to measure the effect of sex education based on the needs of the schoolchildren.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.126-142
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• 2001

Although a call for the implementation of PBL in nursing education is getting increased, it has not been actively implemented as it could be. The main reason for this situation seems to be the lack of well designed learning packages. Well designed PBL packages can be the core factor for the successful implementation of PBL. However, this seems to be the hardest task for teachers wanting to implement PBL. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a systematic framework of PBL package development process and provide the examples of its application. This framework of the process of PBL package development includes thirteen steps. First of all, the team needs to decide a topic to be explored in the package and then clusters concepts related to the topic. Second, the team selects a real situation and writes it as a story. Third, knowledge, skills, and attitudes that practitioners need to know to deal with the situation will be explored. Fourth, learning objectives will be written. The next, the team will check if the situation includes multidisciplinary concepts and content. Sixth, the story will be divided into several parts. Seventh, part 1 will be written. Eighth, clinical documents related to part 1 need to be prepared. Ninth, the team will write a suggested approach for students. Then, they need to prepare a tutor's guide for part 1. Eleventh, the team will prepare a list of reading materials and plan for lectures and clinical laboratory sessions. Twelfth, they will write part 2 ~ part N following the steps from the seventh to the eleventh. The last step is evaluating the package and amending it as needed. These thirteen steps are very detailed and easy to follow for beginners. It is expected that this framework will contribute to accelerate the implementation of PBL in nursing education.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.118-128
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• 2011

Purpose: This research is based on experiments practiced with 6th grade students in primary school as subjects. They were trained in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation theory and received actual training in CPR. Methods: The subjects were randomly sorted into two classes of the 6th grade students. The experimental group was composed of 35 students. The control group was composed of 32. The experimental group received basic CPR theoretical and practical education once and received a practical evaluation three times, with 4 weeks in between evaluations. The control group received CPR theoretical education before the study. The data was analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: Hypothesis 1 was that the basic CPR knowledge score would begin to decrease right after the education and continue to decrease as time passed. The experimental group's knowledge score continued to increase 12 weeks after education, but there was no decrease in the control group's knowledge score (F=5.870, p=.000). Hypothesis 2 was that the basic CPR attitude score would decrease right after the education and continue as time passed. There was no significant difference in the experimental group's score after education, nor was there any change in the control group's score on this measure (F=3.986, p=.004). Hypothesis 3 was that the subjects' confidence in practicing CPR would decrease right after education and continue as time passed. There was a significant decrease in the experimental group's score, but no significant change in the control group's score on this measure (F=75.574, p=.000). Hypothesis 4 was that the practical accomplishment evaluation score of CPR would decrease as time passed. There was a significant decrease in the experimental group's score on this measure right after education (F=38.368, p=000). Conclusion: Retraining for basic CPR education will be needed in all aspects of the education/training at least every 4 weeks, to preserve the students' retention of learned material/training. This is because students' scores fell significantly four weeks after education/training.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to survey the recognition of college-preparatory students who interested and prevented themselves in oral health diseases for dental hygienist in Yeungnam South Korea. Methods : The subjects in this study were 328 students who was seriously worried for career and entrance into a school. The survey period was from August 16th 2011 to November 26th 2011, and the data was collected from the high school students in Yeungnam and the preparatory students who visited S college in Gyeongju. This study was conducted by using the self-reported questionnaire. Results : The result of this study are as follows. 87.2% of the subjects have recognized about the name of dental hygienist, 51.5% have distinguished dental hygienist in the clinic, and 67.4% have recognized about education of dental hygienist that was more than a college graduate. The received services from dental hygienist was scalling(15.6%), assistant of treatment(14.7%), tooth brushing instrument(11.5%), Reception & receipt(11.0%), and etc. The majority of the subjects have recognized that dental hygienist was the professional(4.82 points), the important role in oral health(4.88 points), and the intermediary between patients and dentists(4.60 points). And they were friendly(4.64 points), responsible(4.81 points), and worthwhile job(5.01 points). However their appellation has not been established yet(4.00 points), they was difficult to distinguish from nursing assistants(4.37 points), and their task did not differs from AN(4.53 points). Also they compared to other job was not stressful job(3.58 points). Conclusions : Refer to these results, those will be the basis for professional development and status establish of clinical dental hygienists and for the upright role as a professional medical personnel of dental hygiene students. In addition, those will help to patients in the future, and become an effective instrument to learn knowledge, skill, and service that needed to conduct business.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.16-28
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and share experiences of male nurses who have been rejected during their nursing practice by their patients. Methods: The participants were 12 male nurses who have worked in several hospitals. Data were collected through personalized in-depth interviews. Collected data were analyzed with the content analysis method. Results: The results can be categorized into three main themes. 1. Rejection based on gender stereotypes of nurses' roles. 2. Nurses' reactions when nursing was rejected 3. Reestablishing the role as a nurse. The results of this study showed that male nurses were struggling to maintain their own positions as professional nurses. They were refused by their patients and they experienced a lack of skill and knowledge in nursing practice. They were harmed physically and psychologically from being turned down, and sometimes they had serious conflicts with female nurses. Meanwhile, the male nurses tried to be faithful to their role as professional nurses. Conclusion: The results of this study show the following findings. 1. The male nurses' experiences where mostly ones of understanding and cooperation with patients' caregivers. 2. The need for public relations advertising and systematic support from the media. 3. The need for improving gender equality for nurses. 4. Strengthening male nursing students' endeavors for sound nursing professionalism.