• Health Policy and Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.162-173
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• 2015

Background: The aim of the current study was to investigate the factors related to the non-practice of cancer screening in cancer survivors, who are at high risk of developing second cancers. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 1,125 cancer survivors ${\geq}19$ years old who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys IV and V (2007-2012). A Rao-scott chi-square test and a survey logistic regression analysis were employed respectively to analyze the difference of cancer survivors in cancer screening by each characteristic and the factors related to the non-practice of cancer screening in cancer survivors. Results: Among total subjects, 33.5% did not participate in cancer screening in the last two years. Results from a fully adjusted logistic model showed that the non-practice of cancer screening in cancer survivors was significantly associated with variables such as sex, age, marital status, education level, monthly income, and drinking a alcoholic beverage Specifically, the odds ratio of non-practice of cancer screening was higher in males than in females, in the younger group than in older group, in the group with no spouse than in the group with a spouse; in a group with a low level of education than in a group with a high level of education; in a group with the lowest income level than in a group with the other levels of income; or in non-drinkers than in drinkers. Conclusion: Health policies to reduce the non-practice rate of cancer screening in cancer survivors should be designed and implemented with close attention to cancer survivors' socio-economic characteristics such as sex, age, marital status, education, and income, along with a health behavioral characteristic as drinking.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2018

Background: Both objective body shape and perceived body image have been known to influence the mental health. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of a combination between actual body mass index (BMI) status and perceived body image with anxiety depressive condition (ADC) in Korean men and women. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data of 26,239 subjects ${\geq}20$ years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2014). This study performed a Rao-Scott chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analyses reflecting survey characteristics and used a variety of independent variables such as socio-demographics and health behavior factors. Results: With all independent variables considered, people with normal weight who perceived themselves as overweight were more likely associated with ADC than a referent group with normal weight who perceived themselves as normal weight, as shown for both men (odds ratio [OR], 1.52; confidence interval [CI], 1.07-2.15) and women (OR, 1.25; CI, 1.06-1.48). Meanwhile, compared to the referent group, men with underweight who perceived themselves as underweight showed a lower association with ADC (OR, 0.63; CI, 0.41-0.97), whereas women with underweight who perceived themselves as underweight showed its higher association (OR, 1.47; CI, 1.10-1.96). Conclusion: A certain group of people categorized as a combination between actual BMI status and perceived body image showed a relatively high likelihood of having ADC, and the gender difference in the likelihood of having the condition for a group was clear. Therefore, this study suggests the need to identify the group at a high risk of ADC on the basis of actual BMI status and perceived body image and to develop an appropriate mental health management program for the group.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.5043-5048
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the drinking awareness of medical and health-related majors in a bid to find out the impact of their drinking awareness on drinking. The subjects in this study were 153 students who were selected by rendem sampling from colleges located in two different cities in the province. Data collection was performed from may 1 to september 20, 2011 with total 153 college students. Out of them, 86 students majored in medical departments, and 67 students were in the health-related departments. After a self-administered survey was conducted, the following findings were given: A great deal of the students who accounted for 75.8 percent were ever disturbed in daily routine life by drinking over the past year. As for the influence of drinking awareness on the amount of drinking, the amount of drinking was under the significant influence of the following five items. The first was that alcohol was an energizer(p<.001), and the second was that drinking led to a sound sleep(p<.01). The third was that I drank too much with my close friends often(p<.05), and the fourth was that alcohol used as a hangover-chaser was conducive to a hangover(p<.05). The fifth was that alcohol had the largest impact on the liver(p<.05). All the variables made a 43.4% prediction of the amount of drinking. In conclusion, the medical and health-related majors who learned about the impact of drinking on the human body in a firsthand or secondhand manner had a tendency to drink a less amount of alcohol and do less binge drinking. It's advisable to take advantage of the knowledge of medical and health-related majors on the human body and drinking as resources of anti-drinking education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.509-519
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• 2016

This study intends to examine how the subjective health perception of drinkers influences the depression trajectory change by using longitudinal data for elderly drinkers. This study has set up a balanced panel by combining the results from "Aging study panel research" conducted in the year 2006 (1st), 2008 (2nd), 2010 (3rd), 2012 (4th). A total of 543 elderly drinkers, who have responded to each research have been selected as targets for the final analysis. In the analyses, descriptive statistics and Latent Growth Modeling were conducted to examine the causal relationship between the observed and latent variables. The results are as follows: First, it was found that there was a negative correlation-with statistical significance-between the initial value of subjective health perception and the initial status of depression symptom. Second, there was a positive correlation between the initial value of subjective health perception and the changes of depression symptom. This indicates that elderly drinkers with high health perception usually have high degree of depression change; however, this does not mean it was statistically significant. Third, there was a statistically significant correlation between subjective health perception change and depression symptom change. It was found that the depression change level would be low if the subjective health perception change level was high. Thus, we can assume that the depression symptoms of elderly drinker c would slow down if the subjective health perception level increases.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.158-167
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of meta-analysis of social work in South Korea using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Review (AMSTAR). Electronic databases including the Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), DBpia, and RISS4U were searched for 'meta-analysis', 'social work', and 'social welfare' from 2000 to December 2015, and 42 meta-analysis studies were included. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA. The mean score for AMSTAR evaluation was $4.766{\pm}1.66$, while 19 studies (45.2%) were classified at the low-quality level, and 22 (52.4%) were at the moderate-quality level. The scores of quality assessment were analyzed by publication year, participants, number of studies included, number of DB, reporting study quality, extraction diagram and topics. The findings indicated that the following changes should be implemented to improve the quality and reliability of meta-analysis results in social work research: 1) common reporting guidelines should be provided for the social work field, 2) quality analyses of each study should be conducted to achieve a high level of evidence of effectiveness of social work interventions, 3) the characteristics of the included studies should be provided, and 4) a consensus and procedure based on at least two independent data extractors should be reported.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.23 no.3 s.126
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• pp.44-50
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• 1984

한국여성은 전통적으로 대가족제도 속에서 육아 및 가사활동에만 종사해왔다. 그러나 산업화 및 사회구조의 변화로 여성들도 교육의 기회를 갖게 되었으며 전통적인 역할 수행에 대한 가치변화와 함께 여성의 사회적 역할을 필요로 하게 되었다. 반면에 가족 형태가 핵가족화 함으로서 가족 내에서의 자녀양육을 비롯한 가정적 역할이 더욱 중요시 되게 되었다. 오늘날 한국사회는 여성에게 현재의 사회구조와 핵가족 속에서는 시간적으로 동시에 수행할 수 없는 두 가지 상반된 역할을 강조하고 있는 것이다. 이러한 상반된 역할사이에서는 여성은 갈등과 좌절감을 느끼게 되며 이중적인 부담 속에서 생활하게 되었다. 본 원고에서는 전통적인 한국의 가족가치관을 살펴보고 건강관리 측면에서 여성의 역할을 살펴보고 건강관리 측면에서 여성의 역할을 살펴보고자 한다. 전통적 가족가치관과 여성-우리나라의 전통적 가족은 부계 중심의 혈연 계승을 중요시하는 가부장적 대가족제도라 할 수 있다. 따라서 부계 계승을 통한 가족의 영속성과 가 중심사상에 기반을 둔 철저한 가족주의적 가치관이 전통적 사회를 지배하여 왔다. 그러므로 자연히 개인보다 가족집단이 우의적인 지위에 있을 뿐만 아니라 모든 행동의 결정에도 중요한 준거 집단이 되었다. 이러한 가의 영속 및 번영을 가장 효과적으로 수행하기 위해서는 많은 자녀를 필요로 했으며 부계중심 가족에서 자연히 남아 선호사상이 강할 수밖에 없었으며 이것은 조상에 대한 의무요 책임이라 생각했다. 이러한 가부장권의 확대에 반비례해서 가정 내에서 여성의 지위와 역할은 축소되어갔다. 여성들의 절대적인 예속을 필요로 하여 삼종지도니 칠거지악이니 불경이부등의 도덕률을 만들었으며 여성들 스스로가 이러한 정절과 복종을 미덕으로 생각하도록 교육받음으로서 여성들 자신이 자기희생의 굴레 속에서 인내와 복종의 생활을 운명처럼 받아들이게 되었으며 남편과 자식을 위해서는 목숨까지도 희생하게끔 철저히 사회화되었던 것이다. 그러나 가족 제도 안에서의 남녀의 지위는 동위 항렬 내에서만 해당되고 항렬을 달리할 때는 삼종지도의 이론에 부합된다. 어머니로서의 존장련이 인정되어서 가정 내에서의 여성의 종속적인 지위에 비하여 모의 권한은 절대적이었다. 상례와 제례에서 어머니와 아버지에 대한 의식에는 차이가 없으며 내외 명부제도에 의해서 부인도 남편과 똑같은 대우를 받도록 되어있다. 이러한 존장련에 의한 모의 권리와 더불어 부부유별에 의해서 가사권의 독자적인 결정권도 인정되고 있었다. 건강관리 측면에서 여성의 역할- 전통적으로 건강관리에 관련된 한국여성의 역할은 1. 씨받이로서의 역할로 생명을 잉태하도록 돕고 건강한 아이의 수태를 위해 태교에 힘썼으며 2. 자녀의 의식주를 해결하는 가사 역할만을 담당하는 전통적인 여성의 역할만을 수행하였으며 출산한 생명을 건강하게 자라도록 건강관리를 철저히 하였으나 체계적인 건강관리는 되지 못하였으며 특히 식생활에 유의하였으나 정서, 사회면은 도외시 한 과잉보호현상이었다. 3. 결혼 후에는 남편의 건강관리를 위해 철저하였으며 특히 식생활에 유의하였고 정서적으로 부담을 주지 않도록 유념하였다. 4. 또한, 임종시 평안한 죽음을 맞도록 도왔다. 전통적으로 한국여성의 역할은 돕는 역할이었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose is to provide basic information for establishing improvements on performance-based pay's evaluation method of health teachers. Methods: For subjects, 200 teachers at public elementary schools and 200 health teachers at public elementary schools in Gyeonggi-do were conveniently sampled, and then surveyed through a questionnaire. The questionnaire was to recognize recognition of teachers working under the teacher's performance-based pay system, which was quoted in the questionnaire of Choi ji-hye (2005) and Lee mi-gyeong (2008). Inquiry for the recognition of teachers on evaluation of health teacher's performance-based pay system and improvements on the performance-based pay's evaluation method of health teachers were used after consultation with five incumbent health teachers and a review with the thesis director. Results: The performance-based pay's evaluation method of health teachers has the same method with general teachers in schools, so it is not fair to evaluate the performance of health teachers. The ways to improve the performance-based pay evaluation method of health teachers is as follows: first, the approval on improving 'the number of class hours' which is a detailed item of a teacher's performance evaluation criterion to 'the number of health lesson hours per week and the number of students visiting the school infirmary per week'; second, improving 'life guidance' into 'counseling results of medically-treated students, parents of students and personal hygiene guidance'; third, improving 'a teacher in charge' into 'awarding of points by being recognized as a health teacher in charge of all students and considering the economic situation of the region,; forth, improving 'difficulty of position' into 'the number of health-teacher's annual promotion task items and the treatment number of issuing and receiving of official documents', and improving the 'task difficulty' into 'importance and urgency of emergency patient management, risk level and urgency of infectious diseases and avoiding work in charge' appeared to be more than 90% respectively. Conclusion: The performance-based pay system of teachers being carried out every year should be executed by preparing fair evaluation criteria suitable for task properties and the role of health teachers with different evaluation criteria compared to general teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.118-128
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• 2011

Purpose: This research is based on experiments practiced with 6th grade students in primary school as subjects. They were trained in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation theory and received actual training in CPR. Methods: The subjects were randomly sorted into two classes of the 6th grade students. The experimental group was composed of 35 students. The control group was composed of 32. The experimental group received basic CPR theoretical and practical education once and received a practical evaluation three times, with 4 weeks in between evaluations. The control group received CPR theoretical education before the study. The data was analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: Hypothesis 1 was that the basic CPR knowledge score would begin to decrease right after the education and continue to decrease as time passed. The experimental group's knowledge score continued to increase 12 weeks after education, but there was no decrease in the control group's knowledge score (F=5.870, p=.000). Hypothesis 2 was that the basic CPR attitude score would decrease right after the education and continue as time passed. There was no significant difference in the experimental group's score after education, nor was there any change in the control group's score on this measure (F=3.986, p=.004). Hypothesis 3 was that the subjects' confidence in practicing CPR would decrease right after education and continue as time passed. There was a significant decrease in the experimental group's score, but no significant change in the control group's score on this measure (F=75.574, p=.000). Hypothesis 4 was that the practical accomplishment evaluation score of CPR would decrease as time passed. There was a significant decrease in the experimental group's score on this measure right after education (F=38.368, p=000). Conclusion: Retraining for basic CPR education will be needed in all aspects of the education/training at least every 4 weeks, to preserve the students' retention of learned material/training. This is because students' scores fell significantly four weeks after education/training.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.378-388
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• 2021

This study investigated the effect of Ego-resilience, Marital communication, and Mental health on Happiness among middle-aged women Methods: A descriptive correlation study design was used with a convenience sample consisting of 239 women. SPSS Win21.0 program was used for the descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple-regression analysis. The mean score for ego-resilience was 3.46±.527(range: 1-5), marital communication was 2.44±.52(range: 1-5), mental health 1.82±.66(range: 0-4) and happiness was 3.21±56(ranse: 1-5). Happiness was found to have a significant positive correlation with ego-resilience(r=.393, p<.001) and negative correlation with somatization(r=-.134 p=.039), depression(r=-.356, p<.001), anxiety(r=-.269, p<.001). The predictive factors on the Happiness were depression(β=-.437, p<.001), ego-resilience(β=.350, p<.001), Somatization(β=.239, p=.009) and subjective health status: average (β=-.150, p=.009), unhealthy(β=-.147, p=.015). The explanatory power was 30.4% (F=14.02, p <.001). Based on the findings of this study, it is important to provide services to ego-resilience and mental health among middle aged women.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.467-477
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• 2021

Purposes of this study were to identify the relationship among involvement in COVID-19 (IiC), attitude toward advertisement (AtA), and behavioral Intention to social distancing (BItSD), and to investigate the mediating effect of AtA in a loss versus gain advertising context. The participants were 379 adults who have been consecutively living in Korea since January 2020. The participants were randomly assigned to one of two advertisements using an online survey system. We found that IiC affects BItSD since Korean adults recognize the risks and seriousness of COVID-19 infection or transmission through IiC. Induced positive attitudes or emotions through involvement in the COVID-19 preventive behaviors including social distancing and vaccination are helpful to increase the BItSD. Thus, health care and information providers should give an accurate message, which induces a positive attitude, to recognize that our world is a risk of the COVID-19.