• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.564-572
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe qualitatively the entities of nurse's experiences in general hospitals and to suggest basic data guiding research on developing Standards of clinical nursing practice in Korea. Method: Fourteen nurses working at general hospitals with over 300 beds in Seoul were interviewed in-depth until saturation using tape-recorders and transcription. Result: The central theme of clinical nursing practice experienced by subjects was "being with clients" that means accepting client's personal character, solving client's needs and providing client-centered nursing. A also "being with clients" was felt to be the responsibility of nurses which was learned from their nursing schools. The nursing strategies performed in order to be with patients were proving skillful nursing techniques, accepting, educating, emotional support, advocating, and self-reflecting, the subjects experienced somewhat problematic affects such as difficulties in interpersonal relationship, work overload, negative image of nursing, deficit of self-confidence for nursing actions, poor working conditions, and unfair treatment. Nurses at the hospital practiced with pride when they felt that they were accepted by clients. Conclusion: Further research is needed to analysis problems in clinical practice and the comparison of nurses' experiences of clinical practice, with nurses' experiences in various settings.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.6
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• pp.89-107
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to investigate the recognition and the needs and problems of in-service education for school nurse, and to suggest the desirable guidelines, for supples the basic data of in-service education for school nurse to upgraded the quality as school nurse's professional specialist. The subjects of this study were 376 school nurses who were working in Jollanamdo. The research instruments used in this study was 'Needs of In-service Education questionnaire'. 305 collected Data were analyzed with the frequency analysis, $x^2$-test. The conclusions were as follows; First of all, the most important motives for the school nurses to participate in-service education are the enhancement of their specialties on teaching profession, self-realizations as educators, and improvement of health teaching skill. However, the motives to obtain the skill for school management or to obtain a high rank qualification and promotion are quite low. School nurses are generally satisfied with duration, time, place of in-service education, But they are not satisfied with contents of in-service education, professional specialist and understanding of real educational situation of the instructors. On the urgent problem of school nurses, promotion of health teaching skill was highest in the rank, and establishment of firm educational philosophy and a sense of teaching profession, proceed to university and graduate school ranked next, respectively. Second, the need of a school nurses on in-service education direction ranked the application of teachers' character and need, practicable and concrete educational programs, planning of school health development, reinforcement of health education, expansion of practical knowledge and on reflection thought, respectively. The need of a school nurses on in-service education contents(major part) ranked health education, health promoting program of student, knowledge and practice of practical medicine and oriental medicine, consultation process, health education of advanced country, respectively. The need of in-service education supervisory organization, the need for a cities provinces educational office was highest in the rank. The need of in-service education type, duty training ranked high, and abroad training, qualification training, general training ranked next. the need for specialist for lecturer of in-serve education ranked among the highest, along with school nurses and university professor. The need of school nurses on education method(duplication answer), need for conference and discussion teaching was highest in the rank. The need on evaluation method, evaluation through a examination ranked the highest. On the needs of in-service education times, need for vacation during the winter and summer was the highest. As for the duration, 31 to 60 hours in duration of in-service education was need most, and most school nurses need cities and provinces in-service training institute as the location of in-service education. On the organization size, need for 21 to 30 people was the highest, where as need for 41 people was relatively low. Lastly, on the problem of in-service education for school nurses, lack of opportunity of in-service education for school nurses was highest in the rank, and improperness of in-service education contents and method, lack of incentive ranked next, respectively.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to inquire the people's views on nursing for nurses, correct the image of nurse and take it as basis to be applied on nursing education examining the image of nursing on Television drama playing important role of mass media. 22 nurses of the characters in drama is applied to the analysis object of this study by selecting 6 dramas of Television ones the nurse play on the prime time from June 1 to August 31 in 1997. Contents analysis method was used in Data Analysis, 4 items was used after Coders previously modify and compensate it based on research documents of 1m Milim(1996) 2 Coders made the Coding the article on each person by them seeing the recorded film making the Coding Paper each items is written by the character. The average of reliability degree was 90% which measured the reliability degree by the mathod of Holsti. The statisic method of frequency, percentage was used SPSS Program in data processing The results were as follows. 1. Relative importance of 86.2% nurses in drama was depicted as extra characters 2. The affair attitude of nurses shown on drama was revealed as mechanical(84.7%), passive(45.5%), dependent(54.4%) unkind(68.2%). 3. The activity of nurses was classified with professional! simple affair. The professional affairs such as I.V., Blood Pressure Check, Rounding, Nursing Recording, Patient Education, Assist of Operation, Assistant meal of Patient, etc is mainly depicted and the screen of simple affair such as Receiving telephone, Carrying Tray or Dragging, Stretcher Car, Dressing Car and or Wheel Chair than professional affair. 4. The appearance feature of nurses was shown on thin physique(68.2%), common stature(68.2), dirty costume(45.4%), common appearance(81.9%), unnoble action(63.6%). The image of nurses is illuminated as the exterial scene of technical affair such as assisting the doctors and affair focused on accident and educational activity of nureses or extended role is nor depicted on Television drama. Therefore, the people regard the nurse as sexual object with good appearance than professional worker working professional nursing We want the following, epigraph based on above conclusion. 1. The continuous research is required on the image of nurse shown on various mass media. 2. The later research is required on appliction strategy of mass media for advancing the image of nurse. 3. The research to strengthen the objectivity by comparing analyzed data on drama & analyzing it is required 4. Through the deep study, the standard to show a concrete and professional work of nurses to scenario writers of TV drama is suggested by the association. 5. The monitoring about the mass media must be activated, not by some nurses, on a national scale and much study on the basis of this is needed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 1994

AIDS preventional efforts need to be guided by well trained health care personnel especially by school nurses for the adolescents. This study was designed to get basic data about AIDS educational program development for school nurses. The objectives of this study were to 1) identify AIDS knowledg of school nurses 2) identify AIDS attitudes of school nurses and 3) identify association between AIDS knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics. Data were collected from 173 subjects in Chonbuk province. Self-reporting questionnaire were administered during the period from 1st of June to 30th of June, 1994. AIDS related knowledge was measured by using 44 questions on cause(3 items), testing(3 items), mode of transmission(15 items), clinical manifestations(5 items), treatment(3 items), prevention(5 items), complication(4 items), infection control(3 items) and Using resources(3 items). AIDS related attitudes were measured by five point Likert scales using 13 questions on perceived threats from AIDS crisis (4 items), perceived severity to AIDS(2 items), perceived needs about psychosocial care for HIV infected patients(3 items) and perceived educational needs of AIDS(4 items). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/PC/sup +/, using percentages, Mean and S.D. descriptive purpose and t-test or F for comparing the variables. The major findings were as follows: 1. Respondents ranged in knowledge of AIDS between 0 and 44 with the 33.79 mean score. Percentage of correctly answered respondents to each categories - mode of transmission : 87.0% - clinical manifestation : 85.0% - cause : 82.5% - prevention : 81.5% - treatment : 76.1% - infection control : 72.8% - testing of HIV infection 71.8% - using community resourses : 50.9% - complication : 45.8% 2. The respondents' attitudes of AIDS The majority(70%) showed higher perceived threat The majority(91.3%) showed higher perceived severity to AIDS crisis As a whole, perceived needs about psychosocial care for HIV infected patients negative The majority (over 96.5%) showed highly perceived educational needs of AIDS. 3. The relationship between AIDS knowledge and each of those general character. AIDS knowledge shows significant difference with age(F=3.50, p<.016), years of professional experience(F=4.14, p<.007) and received lecture about AIDS(F=4.54, p<.000). There was no significant difference between AIDS knowledge and job satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.24-39
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• 1989

This study was conducted to investigate the present situation and problems related to the use of nursing diagnosis in practice. The data were obtained from 332 subjects (27 director of nursing service, 302 staff nurses) who worked in university hospitals in Korea from July through August 1988 using a mailed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by frequency, X$^2$ test and t-test. The findings were as follows ; 1, Clinical use of nursing diagnosis by directors of nursing service and staff nurses. 1) The majority of the nursing departments (88.9%) conducted group education on nursing diagnosis during the last 5 years and 81.5% of them kept a record format for nursing diagnosis : 88.9% of them had had prior experience with the nursing diagnosis. 2) Most of nurses (97.0%) had received education on nursing diagnosis. 2. Factors related to the clinical use of nursing diagnosis in nursing service departments and by staff nurses. 1) The one factor related to the use of nursing diagnosis in the nursing service department was the existence of a record. 2) Factors related to the use of nursing diagnosis by the staff nurses were the organization style of the nursing service department, group education during the last 5 years, existence of a record, the attitude of the director of nursing service, and prior experience of the use of the nursing diagnosis as characteristics of nursing service department and educational experience of nursing diagnosis as a character of nurse. 3. Problems with the use of nursing diagnosis. 1) The primary problem was the lack of time and personnel (mean : 3.757) ; the second problem was the lack of knowledge and will to use nursing diagnosis in practice by the staff nurses(mean : 3.546). 2) There was no significant difference in problems expressed by the director of nursing services and the nurses. The majority of nurses who worked in the university hospitals expressed interest in and concern about the use of nursing diagnosis. Most of the nurses had had education about on nursing diagnosis but use in practice was limited. The primary problem was lack of time and manpower. Strategies for improving use of the nursing diagnosis in practice : 1) Strengthening the education about nursing diagnosis and a holistic approach to understanding human beings. 2) Develop protocols for the use of nursing diagnosis. 3) Eliminate the language barrier regarding nursing diagnosis by translation into in Korean. 4) Decentralization of the nursing service to promote accountability by individual nurses for use of nursing diagnosis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.119-133
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• 1997

Continuing shift service of clinical nurses can be not only the cause of occupational dissatisfaction by being connected with the change of circadian rhythm and the burden of duties to be applicable to such changes. But also of inviting the lowering of nursing quality by being affected to the resignation of the nurses as the threat to the health of the nurses. This study has selected 500 nurses at random under non-probability sampling who have been serving by shift in 7 general hospitals which have over 400 sickbeds for the purpose of cross-sectional survey design from Sep. 7 through 20, 1996. Standardized modification of the CMI has been used which was designed for Koreans with Cornell Medical Index developed by Broadman and his fellow workers as the study device. The structure of the device was composed of 35 questions on physical appeal(Chronbach's ${\alpha}=8507$) and 22 questions of mental appeal(Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.8166$ totalling 57 questions. The collected data has been computerrized by using SPSS. General character, present symptom, perceived symptom and others are sought by practical number and percentage, and the health condition comparison followed by general characters was conducted by t-test and ANOVA. The post test was by Duncan's test by the level of p<.05. 1) The items of the answer that they have the physical symptom presently by 50% or over of the nurses were as "Do you often have spells of severe dizziness", "Are your eyes often red or inflamed", "Does press or pain in the head often make like miserable", "Are your ankles often badly swollen", "Do pains in the back make it hard for you to keep up with your work". 2) The items of the answer by over 50% of the nurses as the mental symptom at present were "do you fell bad when criticized?", "Do you get angry when everything is against your will?", "do you get angry when ordered to do this and that?", "do you feel uneasy by such a trifle thing?", "do you tremble or are you freightened by sudden sound?". The mental and physical symptoms which have appeared presently in connection with the shift service have been agreed with each other. But the physical condition has been worse than the mental one. 3) In the physical health conditions followed by demosociological character, there were the significant differences by sex, religion and place of residence(p<.05), and in the mental health conditions, there were the significant differences by age, marital status, residence place and the required time for attending hospital(p<.05). 4) There was significant difference by the degree of satisfaction about the duty in both the physical and mental health conditions. In short, the higher the degree of duty satisfaction, the better the health conditions. 5) There were the significant difference according to the times of night duty and whether they take the drug or not or the kinds of the drugs in the physical health conditions related with the characters of night shift. Mental health conditions in the night shift case showed significant differences according to their taking drug or not or the kinds of the drugs(p<.05). I can confirm that the nurses have been affected continuously by the shift service mentally and physically. The maintenance of the physical and mental health of the nurses and its promotion are very important problem to guarantee the quality nursing in the performance of the nursing service continuously and effectively, so the hospital should make every effort to improve the duty conditions by finding out the causes affecting to their health. In the nursing management viewpoint, I think that elevating the satisfaction degree about the duty would be a great help to the promotion of physical and mental health conditions. But what is most important is that the nurses themselves should take care of themselves in maintaining the good conditions in their service in the hospital.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.353-362
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of character strength and self-efficacy on subjective happiness of adult learners of distance nursing education. The subjects were 261 adult learners of Bachelor Science in nursing course for Registered Nurse of a national open university. The mean score of subjective happiness of subjects was a little lower. 'Transcendence and Humanity' among Character Strength was the highest and 'Justice' was the lowest. Multiple regressions showed that positive integrity, hardiness, and perceived health status explained 38.0% of subjective happiness and positive integrity was the main influencing factor. The learning supporting strategies focusing on reinforcing these factors are needed to improve the subjective happiness of nurses who are continuing their learning through distance education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.424-435
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• 2020

The study was descriptive survey research for establishment of patient safety culture in small and medium-sized hospitals as providing baseline data of educational program regarding safe medication and prevention of near miss on medication, checking influencing factors of nurses near miss experience on medication in small and medium-sized hospital. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS/WIN 20.0 program to obtain mean, frequency, x²-test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, logistic regression. The influencing factors of near miss experience on medication was working department and patient safety culture among general characteristic. The nurses who were working in general ward had lesser chance to experience near miss rather than nurses working in special department (Odds ratio:2.23, 95%, Confidence Interval: 1.07~4.67, p=.032). The 1 point higher in patient safety culture, the lesser chance to experience in near miss (Odds ratio: 2.24, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.02~4.95, p=.045). To sum up the result of this study, nurses working in special department had higher chance to experience near miss rather than nurses working in general wards. The higher patient safety culture awareness was the lower near miss was experienced. Thus, miss surveillance system for improvement of nurses' patient safety culture awareness should be developed. Moreover, educational program for medication considering nurses' career and department' character should be requested with simulation training considering and theory education.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.94-109
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• 2000

The chances of disease pattern increased the importance of Health-promoting Lifestyle and a large part of the Health-promoting Lifestyle is associated with individual's habit. Health-promoting Lifestyle among nurses is very important because nurses could be a role model of patients and possibly influence many patients. The purpose of this study was oat on1y to assess how hospital nurses practice their Health-promoting Lifestyle but also to identify those affecting determinants. The subjects were 392 nurses working at 3 different hospital in Seoul. These data were collected by self administered questionnaire from April 27 to May 20, 2000. This study examined Health-promoting Lifestyle using In Sook Park's model, individual characteristics. Behavior-specific Cognitions and Affect factors using Pender's model and tried to fine out their relationships. The instruments used in this study were Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile developed by In Sock Park(1995). Likert's four-point scale was used also in this research. The percentage, mean standard deviation, AVNOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression in the SAS package were used to analyze the data. The results of this study were as follows; 1. 52.3% of sample were aged between 25 and 29, 67.1% were single, 55.6% were university graduates, 51.8% earned 1.5 to 2.0 million won, 57.9% slept for d to 8 hours, 74.5% stated they were healthy. 2. 32.7% of sample worked in surgical gird department, 82.4% worked in 3 shift, 26.3% have been working as nurses for 5 to 7 years. Average score of Perceived self-efficacy was 3.63, Perceived benefits of action was 3.25, Social support was 2.75, and Perceived barriers to action was 1.87 which was the lowest score. 3. The average score if the performance in Health-promoting Lifestyle variable was 2.45 which was lower than previous study. The sanitary life Was 3.18 which was the highest score, harmonious relationship 3.13, emotional support 2.90. The variable with the highest degree of performance was the sanitary life, whereas the one with the west degree was the health diet. 4. There were no significant difference in perceived benefits of action with individual's a character, but in Perceived bait his of action there were significant differences with age(p<.01), marital status(p<.05), housing(p<.05), and Perceived health status(p<.05). In Perceived self-efficacy, there were significant differences with educational level(p<05), sleeping hours(p<.05), and BMI(p<.05). In Social support here were significant difference with housing and sleeping hours.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2001

The health of a nurse is very important because her mental and physical health can influence toward nursing patients directly, Especially, Cancer patients are growing annually. Also, terminal cancer patients' nursing and dead place are increasingly using hospital and the period of nursing for cancer patients are increasing. Nursing for cancer patients are different with acute disease. Therefore, I analysed comparing nurses' health working in cancer and general ward so that nurses working at cancer ward could be developed as a professional nurse, and I wanted to establish the foundation of nursing administration and reasonable manpower management to supply good quality of nursing to patients. In my research, I selected 117 nurses working in cancer ward and 134 nurses working in general word to analyse the stress rate and nurse's health comparing nurses working in general ward and cancer ward. The survey was conducted of nurses working in cancer ward nurses in 2 university hospitals, nurses working in a cancer hospital, and general ward nurses working in 3 public hospital. Also, the data was collected from Sep. 13, 2001 to Sep. 28, 2001. As health measuring tool, I used Cornell Medical Index(CMI) which are developed to fit Koreans by Ko Ungrin and Park Hang-bas (1980) using Cornell Medical Services which were designed by Weiser, Brosman, Mittelman, Wechler, Wolff in Cornell University(1945). As working stress measuring tool, I used Questionaries which were designed by Kim Mae-ja and Ku Mi-ok(1984) and then developed by Bae In-sook(1996). For managing the data, I used frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$ verification, t-test, and F-test (ANOVA). And in the case of significant data(p<.05). I did Duncan's test for post verification. The mutual relation between health condition and working stress rate have been conducted using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. Followings are the results of my research. 1. Two groups showed significant differency at age after testing homogeneous character between two groups (${\chi}^2$ =9.919, p=.007). 2. Comparing two group's health condition, cancer ward(average 19.35${\pm}$18.34) were higher than general ward(14.42${\pm}$10.59) and showed statistical significant differency(p=.009). And, comparing two group's mental condition, cancer ward(9.00${\pm}$9.79) were higher than general ward(7.13${\pm}$6.35) and statistically no differency. 3. After comparing two group's working stress rate, the rate of cancer ward nurse's working stress(3.36${\pm}$.50) is higher than general ward nurse (3.32${\pm}$.48). There are no significant differency. However, in the detailed verification test, there were significant differency at inappropriate compensation (t=3.254, p=.001) and medication issue (t=2.170, p=.031). 4. After comparing health condition at general points, physical health condition showed significant differency at age(p=.020), the number of children (p=.015), religion (p=.015), position(p=.005), career(p=.008), working satisfaction(p=.003), activity after office hour(p=.045); and mental health condition showed significant differency at position(p=.010), career (p=.017), working satisfaction (p=.003). 5. After comparing the working stress rate according to general points, there were significant differency at working satisfaction (F=5.285, p=.006), predicted nursing(F=3.822, p=.023). 6. At the relation of health condition and working stress rate between two groups. physical and mental condition showed significant relation with working stress rate. i.e, if a nurse's health condition is not good, she are feeling much more stress than others. After considering all the factors in my research, I found that the health condition and stress rate of cancer ward nurses is much higher than general ward nurses. Considering that cancer ward nurses is necessary to care for increasing cancer patients with mental and physical nursing, the less stress for cancer ward nurses is very important to develop nursing quality and working efficiency by keeping good health condition, specializing cancer ward nurses. Therefore, we need following studies to find the factors which are effecting to cancer ward nurses' health and specialization. Also, we need to improve managing working condition to decrease working stress by improving working condition.