• Title/Summary/Keyword: Nucleotides

Search Result 848, Processing Time 0.021 seconds

Effect of Concentration of Ionic Liquids on Resolution of Nucleotides in Reversed-phase Liquid Chromatography

  • Hua, Jin Chun;Polyakova, Yulia;Row, Kyung-Ho
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.28 no.4
    • /
    • pp.601-606
    • /
    • 2007
  • The chromatographic behaviors of nucleotides (inosine 5'-monophosphate, uridine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate, and thymine monophosphate disodium salts) on a C18 column were studied with different types of ionic liquids (ILs) as additives for the mobile phase in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). Three ILs, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIm][BF4]), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate ([EMIm][MS]), were used. Eluents were composed of water and methanol (90/10%, vol) with the addition of 0.5-13.0 mM of ILs. The effects of the concentration of ILs on retention and separation were investigated and discussed. The results showed that the addition of ILs affects the retention and resolution of the tested compounds. Use of 13.0 mM of [BMIm][BF4] as the eluent modifier resulted in a baseline separation of nucleotides without requiring gradient elution. This study demonstrates that ILs can be potentially applied as a mobile phase modifier in RPLC.

Degradation of Nucleotides and Their Related compounds in Sea Foods during processing and Storage -3 . Degradation of Nucleotides and Their Related compounds in Conger-eel Astroconger myriaster Muscle during Drying- (수산식품(水産食品)의 가공(加工) 및 보관중(保藏中)의 핵산(核酸) 관련물질(關聯物質)의 변화(變化)에 관한 연구(硏究) -3. 붕장어 천일건조중(天日乾燥中)의 핵산관련물질(核酸關聯物質)의 변화(變化)-)

  • Lee, Eung-Ho;Han, Bong-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.1 no.1
    • /
    • pp.17-24
    • /
    • 1972
  • In this paper, the degradation of nucleotides and their related compounds in conger eel muscle during sun drying was studied. The results showed that IMP was dominant in fresh conger eel, showing 75.5% of total nucleotides while the contents of ATP, ADP, AMP, inosine and hypoxanthine were low. The nucleotides tended to degrade rapidly during drying, only 6.2% of IMP remained after seven day's sun drying and ATP, ADP and AMP were also entirely disappeared. In consideration of flavor quality, it was consumed that sun drying is not an effective processing method of conger eel, as far as IMP is concerned.

  • PDF

DEGRADATION OF NUCLEOTIDES IN THE MUSCLE OF SEA MUSSEL DURING DRYING (진주담치 건조중의 Nucleotides의 변화)

  • PARK Yeung-Ho;PARK Hwa-Sool;LEE Eung-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.7 no.3
    • /
    • pp.163-168
    • /
    • 1974
  • The present paper deals with the degradation of nucleotides in the muscle of sea mussel, Mytilus edulis, during drying. Three kinds of samples, raw, hot-air dried, and steamed-and-hot air dried were prepared and the contents of nucleotides were determined by ion exchange chromatography on columns of Dowex 1, X8. ATP and ADP were dominant in the raw muscle showed about $8{\mu}moles/g$, dry basis, respectively. The rate of degadation of ATP was very slow during drying compared with those of fish. The accumulation of ADP and AMP were observed during drying and the amount of total nucleotides (ATP+ADP+AMP) were not decreased remarkably by drying process. IMP was not detected in the all of the samples examined, however, the contents of inosine and hypoxanthine were increased during drying. In case of inosine contents, the hot-air dried sample marked an exceedingly high value equivalent to 8 times of the raw sample whereas steamed-and-hot air dried sample showed 2 times of raw samples.

  • PDF

Putative Secondary Structure of Human Hepatitis B Viral X mRNA

  • Kim, Ha-Dong;Choi, Yoon-Chul;Lee, Bum-Yong;Junn, Eun-Sung;Ahn, Jeong-Keun;Kang, Chang-Won;Park, In-Won
    • BMB Reports
    • /
    • v.28 no.6
    • /
    • pp.509-514
    • /
    • 1995
  • A putative secondary structure of the mRNA for the human hepatitis B virus (HBV) X gene is proposed based on not only chemical and enzymatic determination of its single- and double-stranded regions but also selection by the computer program MFOLD for energy minimum conformation under the constraints that the experimentally determined nucleotides were forced or prohibited to base pair. An RNA of 536 nucleotides including the 461-nucleotide HBV X mRNA sequence was synthesized in vitro by the phage T7 RNA polymerase transcription. The thermally renatured transcripts were subjected to chemical modifications with dimethylsulfate and kethoxal and enzymatic hydrolysis with single strand-specific RNase T1 and double strand-specific RNase V1, separately. The sites of modification and cleavage were detected by reverse transcriptase extension of 4 different primers. Many nucleotides could be assigned with high confidence, twenty in double-stranded and thirty-seven in Single-stranded regions. These nucleotides were forced and prohibited, respectively, to base pair in running the recursive RNA folding program MFOLD. The results suggest that 6 different regions (5 within X mRNA) of 14~23 nucleotides are Single-stranded. This putative structure provides a good working model and suggests potential target sites for antisense and ribozyme inhibitors and hybridization probes for the HBV X mRNA.

  • PDF

Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide on the Renal Cyclic Nucleotides Level (Hydrochlorothiazide가 신장의 Cyclic Nucleotides 함량에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Seok-Yong;Koh, Taek-Lip;Lee, Woo-Young;Lee, Sang-Bok;Cho, Kyu-Chul
    • The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.128-134
    • /
    • 1986
  • To determine the relationship between hydrochlorothiazide-induced diuretic action and cyclic nucleotides, the effects of hydrochlorothiazide (5 mg/kg, i.v.) on the renal tissue level of cyclic nucleotides and the renal adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase activity were investigated. Hydrochlorothiazide elecitied the maximal diuretic effect between 10 and 20 min after the injection of drug. The increased urine flow and urinary electrolytes excretion returned to the control levels 60 min after the injection of drug. 5 and 15 min after drug administration the cAMP level of renal tissue was significantly decreased, but 60 min after the cAMP level was not different from the control level. The cGMP level of renal tissue was not affected by hydrocholorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide $(5\;{\times};10^{-4}\;M)$ inhibited the renal adenylate cyclase but not affected the renal guanylate cyclase. These results suggest that cAMP may be involved in the renal action mechanism of hydrochlorothiazide and the involvement of cGMP is uncertain.

  • PDF

AN IMPROVED ALGORITHM FOR RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE PREDICTION

  • Namsrai Oyun-Erdene;Jung Kwang Su;Kim Sunshin;Ryu Keun Ho
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
    • /
    • 2005.10a
    • /
    • pp.280-282
    • /
    • 2005
  • A ribonucleic acid (RNA) is one of the two types of nucleic acids found in living organisms. An RNA molecule represents a long chain of monomers called nucleotides. The sequence of nucleotides of an RNA molecule constitutes its primary structure, and the pattern of pairing between nucleotides determines the secondary structure of an RNA. Non-coding RNA genes produce transcripts that exert their function without ever producing proteins. Predicting the secondary structure of non-coding RNAs is very important for understanding their functions. We focus on Nussinov's algorithm as useful techniques for predicting RNA secondary structures. We introduce a new traceback matrix and scoring table to improve above algorithm. And the improved algorithm provides better levels of performance than the originals.

  • PDF

Analysis and Detection of Coast Protein Gene of Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus and Barley Mield Mosaic Virus by RT-PCR (RP-PCR을 이용한 보리누른모자이크바이러스 (BaYMV)와 보리마일드모자이크바이러스(BaMMV)의 외피단백질 유전자 검정 및 해석)

  • 이귀재
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
    • /
    • v.14 no.4
    • /
    • pp.314-318
    • /
    • 1998
  • Using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a rapid and sensitive assay method for the detection and identification of barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) was adapted. Two units of primers from each virus were selected and used for the determination of two different viruses. PCR fragments of BaYMV (ca. 0.9kb) and BaMMV (ca. 0.8kb) were obtained from the designed method for the assay of BaYMV and BaMMV coat protein. PT-PCR fragments were cloned using vector pT7 Blue and the sequences of the selected clones were analyzed. coat protein of BaYMV and that of BaMMV consisted of 297 amino acids (891 nucleotides) and 251 amino acids (753 nucleotides), respectively. The snalysis of coat protein genes from these two viruses showed that 45.6% of nucleotides sequence ad 34.9% of amino acid in BaYMV were homologous to those in BaMMV.

  • PDF

Analysis of a Putative DNA Polymerase I gene in Brevibacterium ammoniagenes. (Brevibacterium ammoniagenes의 DNA Polymerase I 유사 유전자의 분석)

  • 오영필;윤기홍
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.30 no.2
    • /
    • pp.105-110
    • /
    • 2002
  • The sequence of 3,221 nucleotides immediately adjacent to rpsA gene encoding 30S ribosomal protein S1 of Brevibacterium ammoniagenes was determined. A putative open reading frame (ORF) of 2,670 nucleotides for a polypeptide of 889 amino acid residues and a TAG stop codon was found, which is located at a distance of 723 nucleotides upstream from rpsA gene with same translational direction. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF was found to be highly homologous to the DNA polymerase I of Streptomyces griseus (75.48%), Rhodococcus sp. ATCC 15963 (56.69%), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (55.46%) and Mycobacterium leprae (53.99%). It was suggested that the predicted product of the ORF is a DNA polymerase I with three functional domains. Two domains of 5 → 3 exonuclease and DNA polymerase are highly conserved with other DNA polymerase I, but 3 → 5 exonuclease domain is less conserved.

Adsorption of Nucleotides on ${\beta}$-Cyclodextrin Derivative Grafted Chitosan

  • Xiao Jian-Bo;Yu Hong-Zhu;Xu Ming;Chen Xiao-Qing
    • Macromolecular Research
    • /
    • v.14 no.4
    • /
    • pp.443-448
    • /
    • 2006
  • A novel ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin derivative (CCD-C) was synthesized with chitosan and carboxymethyl-${\beta}$-cyclodextrin. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The adsorption properties for guanosine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate and uridine 5'-monophosphate were studied. Experimental results demonstrated that CCD-C had higher adsorption capability for guanosine 5'-monophosphate, and that the adsorption capacity for guanosine 5'-monophosphate was 74.20mg/g. The adsorption capacity was greatly influenced by pH, time and temperature. The introduction of chitosan enhanced the adsorption ability and adsorption selectivity of ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin for guanosine 5'-monophosphate. This novel derivative of chitosan is expected to have wide applications in the separation, concentration and analysis of nucleotides in biological samples.

Study on the Taste Characteristics of the Chemical Seasoning (MSG) Mixed with the Various Contents of Nucleotides (핵산함유 화학조미료의 맛특성에 관한 연구)

  • 변진원;황인경
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
    • /
    • v.3 no.1
    • /
    • pp.71-77
    • /
    • 1987
  • This study was to investigate the synergistic taste effect between monosodium glutamate(MSG) and 5'-ribonucleotides consisted of disodium 5'-inosinate (IMP) and 5'-guanylate (GMP) as 1:1 ratio. Solvent was distilled water. Sensory evaluation with 10 panelists was performed by using ratio scaling method (magnitude estimation). The results were as follows: 1) Taste intensities were increased, as nucleotides content to MSG increased. 2) Multiple regression analyses were carried out with the taste intensity data as a function of nucleotides content at three concentrations of seasonings, 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%. 3) Predicted taste intensities ($Y_P$) were calculated from the regression equation. Also taste intensity ratios ($Y_{TR}$)-$Y_{TR}$=$Y_P$/taste intensity of MSG only-were calculated. 4) The taste intensity ratios ($Y_{TR}$) at three concentrations of seasonings in the same nucleotides contents showed about the same. Therefore, instead of above regression equations, only one multiple regression equation expressing $Y_P$ of nucleotides seasonings could be determined, as functions of nucleotides content and seasoning concentration.

  • PDF