• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 1976

A total of 736 Holstein cows were examined for incidence of infertility and 57 infertile cows of them were examined for blood values. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Fifty eight heads (7.9%) of 736 Holstein cows examined were proved to be infertile and the causative disease of 58 infertile cows were diagnosed as silent heat (31.0%), repeat breeder (20.8%), dysfunction of ovary (15.5%), lutein cyst (13.8%), endometritis (8.6%), follicular cyst (5.2%), cervicitis (1.7%), pyometra (1.7%), and free-martin (1.7%). 2. Among the data of blood values of 57 infertile cows, values of total serum protein and serum calcium were remarkably lower (p 0.01) than those of normal cows. Meanwhile the unbalanced Ca/P ratio (1.1) was observed.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 1981

This study was undertaken to investigate the values of Gonial angle of the aged from 50 to 87 which consisted of 75 males and 47 females and the other values of the cephalometric standards of the aged which consisted of 42 males and 26 females with normal occlusion and acceptable profile. Each lateral cephalometric head films were taken with the teeth in occlusion utilizing the Siemens Cephalometer. The following conclusions were obtained : 1. The author made the tables of standard deviation from the measured values. 2. The degree of the Gonial angel of the aged was larger than that of Korean adults. 3. The degree of length in the values of the cephalometric standards of old aged men was larger than that of women.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 1990

Samples of blood were taken from 293 cows and heifers in Koheung, Chonnam, which was dsignated as a place for breeding pure-bred Korean native cattle. Each animal was examined clinically and parasitologically and with the history available considered to be normal at the time of blood collection. The hematology and biochemistry values were determinded, and comparisons were made between three age groups, using the results obtained. All the values obtained were within physiological range : except the alanine aminotransferase values which were higher(P<0.05) in young than in mature or old group of cattle, no significant differences were notred between age groups.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.329-339
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• 2018

In this study, we propose tests for equality of several variances with the normality assumption. First of all, we propose the likelihood ratio test by applying the permutation principle. Then by using the p-values for the pairwise tests between variances and combination functions, we propose combination tests. We apply the permutation principle to obtain the overall p-values. Also we review the well- known test statistics for the completion of our discussion and modify a statistic with the p-values. Then we illustrate proposed tests by numerical and simulated data and compare their efficiency with the reviewed ones through a simulation study by obtaining empirical p-values. Finally, we discuss some interesting features related to the resampling methods and tests for equality among several variances.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.sup1
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• pp.126-133
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• 2022

Choline is a water-soluble organic compound that is important for the normal functioning of the body. It is an essential dietary component as de novo synthesis by the human body is insufficient. Since the United States set the Adequate Intakes (AIs) for total choline as dietary reference values in 1998, Australia, China, and the European Union have also established the choline AIs. Although choline is clearly essential to life, the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) has not established the values because very few studies have been done on choline intake in Koreans. Since choline intake levels differ by race and country, human studies on Koreans are essential to set KDRIs. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to provide basic data for developing choline KDRIs in the future by analyzing data on choline intake in Koreans to date and reference values of choline intake and dietary choline intake status by country and race.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.2452-2457
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• 2024

To obtain site-specific values of the Derived Concentration Guideline Levels (DCGLs) for decommissioning of KRR-1&2, the soil density and distribution coefficient values for Cs-137, a major contaminant radionuclide, were determined. The soil density was evaluated according to the test method established by the Korean Agency for Technology and Standards of the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (KATS). The distribution coefficient was evaluated using a batch test. The validity of using the evaluated soil density and distribution coefficient as site-specific values was assessed through radiation dose assessment reflecting these values. Average soil density value obtained was 1.738 g/cm³, which was within the typical range of normal soil density, 1.0-1.8 g/cm³. The average distribution coefficient value was 7,754 mL/g. Applying the maximum, average, and minimum values of the evaluated soil density and distribution coefficient showed similar radiation dose results, thus suggesting that it is reasonable to use the average values of each parameter as site-specific values. Findings of this study can help determine DCGLs that reflect the characteristics of the research reactor site.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.64-68
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• 2011

Purpose: The normal values for lung resistance and lung capacity of children, as determined by impulse oscillometry (IOS), are different for children of different ethnicities. However, reference values there is no available reference value for Korean preschool children have yet to be determined. The aim of the present study was to determine the normal ranges of IOS parameters in Korean preschool children. Methods: A total of 133 healthy Korean preschool children were selected from 639 children (aged 3 to 6 years) who attended kindergarten in Seongnam, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Healthy children were defined according to the European Respiratory Society (ERS) criteria. All subjects underwent lung function tests using IOS. The relationships between IOS value (respiratory resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) at 5 and 10 Hz and resonance frequency (RF)) and age, height, and weight were analyzed by simple linear and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: The IOS success rate was 89.5%, yielding data on 119 children. Linear regression identified height as the best predictor of Rrs and Xrs. Using stepwise multiple linear regressions based on age, height, and weight, we determined regression equations and coefficients of determination ($R^2$) for boys ($Rrs_5=1.934-0.009{\times}Height$, $R^2$=12.1%; $Xrs_5=0.774+0.006{\times}Height-0.002{\times}Age$, $R^2$=20.2% and for girls $(Rrs_5=2.201-0.012{\times}Height$, $R^2$=18.2%; $Xrs_5=-0.674+0.004{\times}Height$, $R^2$=10.5%). Conclusion: This study provides reference values for IOS measurements of normal Korean preschool children. These provide a basis for the diagnosis and monitoring of preschool children with a variety of respiratory diseases.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the seasonal variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) values in normal Sapsaree dogs. Sapsaree dogs (n = 474) clinically free from ophthalmic disease were included in this study, and both eyes were examined in each dog. An applanation tonometer (Tonopen$^{(R)}$ XL) was used to measure IOP values in both eyes. Data obtained from both eyes were stratified by factors thought to affect IOP values including age, gender, hair coat type as well as season of measurement. The IOP results were compared by ANCOVA to verify the effect each factor had on IOP, and an ANOVA test followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test was used for further analysis. The overall mean ${\pm}$ SD IOP value was $19.1{\pm}3.7$ mmHg (range: 8 to 28 mmHg) in the present study. Only seasonal variation showed a significant effect (P < 0.001), on IOP values. IOP values measured in winter ($20.4{\pm}3.4$ mmHg) and summer ($17.1{\pm}3.6$ mmHg) were significantly higher and lower, respectively, than those measured in other seasons. These results suggest a seasonal variation has a significant effect on the IOP of normal dogs. This may prompt further research and possible modification of current veterinary ophthalmic references.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2001

In order to assess the atmospheric dispersion for the accidental releases of nuclear power plants, in calculating X/Q values in the XOQAR and PAVAN codes which are based on Reg. Guide 1.145, the X/Q and frequency values are plotted on log-normal paper. Starting with the highest X/Q value of this plot, the codes compare the slope of the line drawn from this point to every other point within an increment containing ten X/Q values. If there are fewer than ten values, only the number available are used. The coefficients that produce the line with the least negative slope are saved. The end point of this line is used as the next starting point, from which slopes to the points within the next increment, containing ten X/Q values, are compared. The X/Q values corresponding to the cumulative frequency values 0.5%, 5% or 50% are calculated to search for the $0{\sim}2$ hour X/Q value that tends to be a very conservative value. In this work, a fuzzy logic inference method is used for nonlinear interpolation of the X/Q values versus the cumulative frequency. The fuzzy logic inference method is known to be a food technique for nonlinear interpolation. The proposed method was applied to a potential accidential radioactive release of the Yonggwang nuclear power plant, which gives more realistic X/Q values.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.353-359
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is reveal the relationship between halitosis and personal profile. The personal characteristics of halitosis patient were studied by symptom checklist-90- revision(SCL-90-R). 135 halitosis patients, 118 TMD patients(control torup 1) and 90 normal persons(control group 2) were selected for this study at the halitosis clinic or the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee Dental Hospital. T-scores were analyzed with Korean manual of SCL-90-R. A t-test was used to evaluate the overall group effect and the values were significant at the 0.05 level. The obstained results were as follows : 1. Mean value of T-scores on 9 basic scales of SCL-90-R in all groups(Halitosis patients, TMD patients and normal) was within normal range. 2. When compared with normal group, TamD patients gorup were significantly higher in sclaes of Somatization (p<0.01), Obsession-Compulsion(p<0.05), Depresison(p<0.05), Anxiety(p<0.01), Hostility(p<0.05). 3. When compared with normal group, halitosis patients group were significantly higher in scales of Somatization(p<0.05), Obsessoin-Compulsion(p<0.05), Interpersonal Sensitivity (p<0.05), Psyhcoticism(p<0.05). This data suggests that psychopathologic trends may be associated with halitosis and can be estimated by SCL-90-R questionnaire.