• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2010

The swept volume, the region of a moving object, is applied in many fields such as valid paths for motions of tools, visualization in robot paths and interference tests for parts assembling or disjointing. The shape of a swept volume depends on an generators computed with normal vectors of an object and velocity vectors of a motion. Although free-from surfaces are widely used to represent geometric models in CAD, computing the generators for a free-form object is a formidable task. Previous approaches exploit the closed form expressions of generators but limited to planer or quadric faces. In this paper, we propose the algorithm to compute swept volumes generated by free-form objects in screw motions. For the algorithm a tracing method is applied to the computation of generators. It considers curvatures of surfaces of an object to increase the computational accuracy. We implemented our algorithm in the CATIA V.5 environment to test the validity of our algorithm and to generate examples.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2015

The thermostable pectinase gene TmPec isolated from Thermotoga maritima was introduced into the NdeI site of pRSET-B vector and expressed in its intact form in Escherichia coli BL21. The overexpressed intact form of pectinase (TmPecN protein) was partially purified by heat-denaturation procedure. TmPecN showed the highest activity between 85 and $95^{\circ}C$, and at approximately pH 6.5. Enzyme activity was stably maintained at temperatures below $85^{\circ}C$. In the presence of $Ca^{2+}$, pectinase activity of TmPecN increased to 128.4% of normal level. In contrast, $Ba^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, and $Mn^{2+}$ strongly inhibited TmPecN activity. We conclude that the biochemical properties of the intact form of TmPecN are comparable to those of the recombinant protein TmPec reported previously.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2005

In this study a general method for computing offsets of free form curves is presented. In the method arbitrary free form curve is approximated with point series considering required tolerance. The point series are offset precisely using the normal vectors computed at each point and loop removal is carried out by the newly suggested algorithm. The resulting offset points are transformed to lines and arcs using the biarc approximation method. Tangent vectors for approximation of discrete points data are calculated by traditional local interpolation scheme. In order to show the validity and generality of the proposed method , various of offsettings are carried our for the base curves with complex shapes.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1997

The anionic exchange resins with the Dowex-1 and Amberlite CG-400 form were transformed into resin of sulfate and acetate acid form, respectively. The uranyl complex ions with SO$_{4}$$^{2-}$ and CH$_{3}$COO$^{-}$ were adsorbed on the anion exchange resion mentioned above, and these complex ions were eluted as mixture eluents of 0.7M HNO$_{3}$ - 0.5M NH$_{4}$NO$_{3}$ by anion exchange chromatography. The optimum adsorption conditions of uranyl anion complex ions adsorbed on the upper of the resin colmun were 1.5-2.0 ml/min of flow rates at pH 2.0 and adsorptive power of uranyl complex ion of sulfuric acid type were nearly consistent with the Caussion normal distribution curve, whereas the elution state of UO$_{2}$(Ac)$_{2}$$^{4-}$ with acetic acid type was departed. The weighing form obtained from resin of sulfuric acid and aceric acid type was U$_{3}$O$_{8}$ whose recovery was 91.7%. The possibility of recovering uranium from the monazite sulfate solution using a strong base anion resin, Amberlite CG-400(sulfate form), was successfully recovered more than 90%.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.133-166
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• 2022

Let M be a semi-invariant submanifold with almost contact metric structure (𝜙, 𝜉, 𝜂, g) of codimension 3 in a complex space form M_n+1(c) for c ≠ 0. We denote by S and R_𝜉 be the Ricci tensor of M and the structure Jacobi operator in the direction of the structure vector 𝜉, respectively. Suppose that the third fundamental form t satisfies dt(X, Y) = 2𝜃g(𝜙X, Y) for a certain scalar 𝜃 ≠ 2c and any vector fields X and Y on M. In this paper, we prove that if it satisfies R_𝜉𝜙 = 𝜙R_𝜉 and at the same time S𝜉 = g(S𝜉, 𝜉)𝜉, then M is a real hypersurface in M_n(c) (⊂ M_n+1(c)) provided that $\bar{r}-2(n-1)c{\leq}0$, where $\bar{r}$ denotes the scalar curvature of M.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.390-396
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• 2014

본 연구는 우리나라 여대생의 치열궁의 크기 및 형태와 교합유형을 조사하고 이들의 관련성을 알아보고자 치위생과 여학생 210명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 PASW 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 통계분석하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 치열궁의 크기 및 형태와 교합을 산술평균 및 빈도를 분석한 결과 상악의 견치 간 폭경은 34.38 mm, 제1대구치 폭경은 52.05 mm였으며, 견치 장경은 8.60 mm, 제1대구치장경은 28.69 mm였다. 하악은 견치 간 폭경이 26.42 mm, 제1대구치 폭경이 44.83 mm였으며, 장경은 견치가 5.54 mm, 제1대구치가 24.38 mm였다. 치열궁의 형태는 상악에서 정상이 29.0%, 협착이 60.5%, 공극이 10.5%였으며, 하악은 정상이 29.0%, 협착이 55.7%, 공극이 15.2%였다. 교합은 정상이 16.7%였으며, I급 부정교합이 55.7%로 가장 많았고, II급은 20.5%, III급은 7.1%였다. 치열궁의 형태와 교합에 따른 치열궁의 크기를 비교한 결과 하악의 제1대구치 폭경이 치열궁의 형태가 공극인 경우에 45.95로 가장 컸으며, 정상이 44.73, 협착이 44.58을 기록하였다(p=0.032). 치열궁 형태와 교합관계는 상 하악 모두 I, II, III급 부정교합에서 협착이 71.8%, 76.7%, 60.0%와 69.2%, 60.5%, 60.0%로 가장 높았다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 과거에 비해 여러 원인으로 치열궁의 장 폭경이 줄어들고 있으며, 협착으로 인한 부정교합이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 정기적인 치과검진과 구강악습관의 관리가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.553-564
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• 1994

Using Sirognathograph Analyzing System, the patterns of chewing movement were analyzed into opening phase and closing phase, each phase to frontal plane, horizontal plane, and sagittal plane by maruyama's classification. In opening phase, the chewing patterns of frontal plane were classifed into Chopping Opening, Grinding Opening, Concave Opening, Lateral Shift Opening, Vertical Guide Opening, Convergence Opening. Those of horizontal plane were classified into Chopping Opening, Grinding Opening, Concave Opening, Protrusive Shift Opening, Posterior Guide Opening, Convergence Opening. Those of sagittal plane were classified into Normal Opening, Protrusive Shift Opening, Vertical Guide Opening, Convergence Opening. In closing phase, the chewing patterns of frontal plane were classified into Normal Closure, Concave Closure, Lateral Shift Closure, Lateral Guide Closure, Vertical Guide Closure, Convergence Closure, Those of horzontal plane were classified into Normal Closure, Concave Closure, Lateral Shift Closure, Protrusive Shift Closure, Lateral Guide closure, Posterior Guide Closure, Convergence Closure. Those of sagittal plane were classified into Normal Closure, Protrusive Shift Closure, Vertical Guide. Closure, Convergence Closure. Results were summarized as follows : 1. Opening phase in chewing movement The Normal Openings in 3 planes(frontal, horizontal, sagittal), the Concave Openings in frontal plane and horizontal plane, the Vertical Guide Opening in frontal plane and the Posterior Guide Opening in horizontal plane were many observed. 2. Closing phase in chewing movement The Concave Closure in frontal and horizontal plane, the Normal Closure in 3 planes (frontal, horizontal, sagittal), the Concave Closure in horizontal plane were many observed.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.729-736
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• 2002

개수로의 설계에 있어서 등류수심의 산정은 가장 기본적인 요건이며, 인공수로를 구축할 경우 일반적으로 최량 수리단면은 가장 경제적인 단면이 된다. 따라서 최량 수리단면의 등류수심 산정은 거의 모든 수로 설계의 핵심적인 요소라 할 수 있다. 개수로 마찰력을 산정하기 위하여 일반성이 확보된 지수형 마찰계수 산정식을 도입하였다. 삼각형, 사각형 및 제형 등 거의 모든 형태의 수로에 대한 등류수심의 산정을 위하여 형식이 통일되고 양해적으로 해석이 가능한 산정식을 도출하였다. 또한 이들 등류수심 산정식은 관로설계에서 도출된 관경 산정식과 형식이 일치함을 확인하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 1972

정상 치열궁에 관한 연구는 많은 학자들에 의해 시행되어온 바 학자들 간에는 아무런 일관성이 없다는 의견과 치열궁을 대표할 만한 기하학적 곡선이 존재한다는 의견이 상충되어 왔다. 그중 후자의 이론이 지배적인 것으로 보이나 그 중에서도 곡선의 형태에 관하여서는 다시 많은 논란이 있었다. Bonwill과 Hawley등에 의한 Circle론, Black의 반타원론, Angle의 포물선론, 이외에도 많은 의견이 있는 가운데 저자는 정상교합을 유지하는 한국인 성인을 대상으로 Bonwill과 Hawley의 이론을 기초로 한 연구를 시행한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 정상교합을 유지하는 한국인 성인의 치열은 전치에 있어서 원호에 근사한 배열을 갖는다. 2. 원의 지름은 6전치의 폭경의 합에 대하여 다양하므로, 전치 배열이 치아의 크기에 엄격히 연관됐다고 단정 할 수는 없다. 3. 그러나 6전치 폭경의 합에 대한 원의 지름의 비율은 그 평균치가 상하악 모두 1 : 1에 매우 근접하고 이 사실은 Bonwill의 결론에 부합한다. 4. 견치간 폭경과 구치간 폭경은 육전치의 합에 대한 비율이 상하악에 있어서 그 형태가 다름에 따라 상이하나 비교적 일정하게 나타난다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.4021-4037
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• 1976

This paper describes the actual experiments of the error propagation and studies of analytical photogrammetry using the simulation method in which we can find the causes of the errors. These studies and the results give the valuable data which are very effective for systematically controlling the errors in aerial triangulation. The main contents in my paper are as follows: 1. Dose the scale errors in the successive models in the form of normal distribution appear when the observation errors propagate in the form of normal distribution\ulcorner 2. In what form does this scale error propagation in the actual model appear\ulcorner 3. When the causes of the scale error propagation are found, is the evaluation standard determined normally\ulcorner 4. What degree of influence is there form the constant errors\ulcorner I have done several experiments using the simulation method technique to solve the complicated error propgation of aerial triangulation which is the effective means to research the relations between cause and effect. In this paper, the studies have concentrated on the following points of simulation experiments. (1) The first part descries how we can produce the soft program of the simulation experiment. (2) The second part is the method propagating the errors in the simulation models and the kinds of errors. (3) The final part is the most important; that is the analyzing and evaluation of control during actual work. From the above-mentioned points, it is said that these studies are a very important development in the field of controlling and managing aerial photogrammetry and especially in the case of error propagation, we can clearly find the causes of the errors and steps and parts of errors generated when we use these techniques.