• Advances in nano research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

This work examines the fundamental vibrational characteristics of a spinning CNT-based nano-rotor assuming a nonlocal elasticity Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The rotary inertia, gyroscopic, and rotor mass unbalance effects are all taken into consideration in the beam model. Assuming a nonlocal theory, two coupled 6th-order partial differential equations governing the vibration of the rotating SWCNT are first derived. In order to acquire the natural frequencies and dynamic response of the nano-rotor system, the nonlinear equations of motion are numerically solved. The nano-rotor system frequency spectrum is shown to exhibit two distinct frequencies: one positive and one negative. The positive frequency is known as to represent the forward whirling mode, whereas the negative characterizes the backward mode. First, the results obtained within the framework of this numerical study are compared with few existing data (i.e., molecular dynamics) and showed an overall acceptable agreement. Then, a thorough and detailed parametric study is carried out to study the effect of several parameters on the nano-rotor frequencies such as: the nanotube radius, the input angular velocity and the small scale parameters. It is shown that the vibration characteristics of a spinning SWCNT are significantly influenced when these parameters are changed.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1302-1310
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• 2001

This paper introduces modeling and simulation results for pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) with bypass flow control in natural gas pipeline. The dynamic behaviour of the PIG depends on the different pressure across its body and the bypass flow through it. The system dynamics includes: dynamics of driving gas flow behind the PIG, dynamics of expelled gas in front of the PIG, dynamics of bypass flow, and dynamics of the PIG. The bypass flow across the PIG is treated as incompressible flow with the assumption of its Mach number smaller than 0.45. The governing nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations for unsteady gas flows are solved by method of characteristics (MOC) with the regular rectangular grid under appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The Runge-Kuta method is used for solving the steady flow equations to get initial flow values and the dynamic equation of the PIG. The sampling time and distance are chosen under Courant-Friedrich-Lewy (CFL) restriction. The simulation is performed with a pipeline segment in the Korea Gas Corporation (KOGAS) low pressure system, Ueijungboo-Sangye line. Simulation results show us that the derived mathematical model and the proposed computational scheme are effective for estimating the position and velocity of the PIG with bypass flow under given operational conditions of pipeline.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.58-65
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• 1994

In order to reduce particulate emissions from diesel vehicles, mathematical model is established and analyzed on ceramic wall-flow monolith filter. A wall-flow monolith filter placed in the exhaust stream of a diesel engine can effectively limit the emission of diesel particulates through the monolith. The accumulated particulates can then be periodically combusted inside the monolith by directing hot gas to the monolith while normal engine exhaust is routed around the monolith system. The resulting low flow rates through the monolith require consideration of gas dynamics through the channels as well as particulate combustion to analyze this regeneration process. A mathematical model of the regeneration is formulated as a system of nonlinear partial differential equations describing the conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Numerical solutions are obtained by using a finite difference techniques for the spatial discretization. So we can use filter simulation program for the purpose of filter design and actual filter regeneration

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.327-346
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• 2017

Laminated plates have many applications in different industrials. Buckling analysis of these structures with the nano-scale reinforcement has not investigated yet. However, buckling analysis of embedded laminated plates with nanocomposite layers is studied in this paper. Considering the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as reinforcement of layers, SWCNTs agglomeration effects and nonlinear analysis using numerical method are the main contributions of this paper. Mori-Tanaka model is applied for obtaining the equivalent material properties of structure and considering agglomeration effects. The elastic medium is simulated by spring and shear constants. Based on first order shear deformation theory (FSDT), the governing equations are derived based on energy method and Hamilton's principle. Differential quadrature method (DQM) is used for calculating the buckling load of system. The effects of different parameters such as the volume percent of SWCNTs, SWCNTs agglomeration, number of layers, orientation angle of layers, elastic medium, boundary conditions and axial mode number of plate on the buckling of the structure are shown. Results indicate that increasing volume percent of SWCNTs increases the buckling load of the plate. Furthermore, considering agglomeration effects decreases the buckling load of system. In addition, it is found that the present results have good agreement with other works.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.359-384
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• 2022

We develop in this work a new well-balanced preserving-positivity path-conservative central-upwind scheme for Saint-Venant-Exner (SVE) model. The SVE system (SVEs) under some considerations, is a nonconservative hyperbolic system of nonlinear partial differential equations. This model is widely used in coastal engineering to simulate the interaction of fluid flow with sediment beds. It is well known that SVEs requires a robust treatment of nonconservative terms. Some efficient numerical schemes have been proposed to overcome the difficulties related to these terms. However, the main drawbacks of these schemes are what follows: (i) Lack of robustness, (ii) Generation of non-physical diffusions, (iii) Presence of instabilities within numerical solutions. This collection of drawbacks weakens the efficiency of most numerical methods proposed in the literature. To overcome these drawbacks a reformulation of the central-upwind scheme for SVEs (CU-SVEs for short) in a path-conservative version is presented in this work. We first develop a finite-volume method of the first order and then extend it to the second order via the averaging essentially non oscillatory (AENO) framework. Our numerical approach is shown to be well-balanced positivity-preserving and shock-capturing. The resulting scheme could be seen as a predictor-corrector method. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed scheme are assessed through a carefully selected suite of tests.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권4호
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• pp.389-403
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• 2023

In order to explore the influence of tooth root cracks on the dynamic characteristics of multi-stage planetary gear transmission systems, a concentrated parameter method was used to construct a nonlinear dynamic model of the system with 30-DOF in bending and torsion, taking into account factors such as crack depth, length, angle, error, time-varying meshing stiffness (TVMS), and damping. In the model, the energy method was used to establish a TVMS model with cracks, and the influence of cracks on the TVMS of the system was studied. By using the Runge- Kutta method to calculate the differential equations of system dynamics, a series of system vibration diagrams containing cracks were obtained, and the influence of different crack parameters on the vibration of the system was analyzed. And vibration testing experiments were conducted on the system with planetary gear cracks. The results show that when the gear contains cracks, the TVMS of the system will decrease, and as the cracks intensify, the TVMS will decrease. When cracks appear on the II-stage planetary gear, the system will experience impact effects with intervals of rotation cycles of the II-stage planetary gear. There will be obvious sidebands near the meshing frequency doubling, and the vibration trajectory of the gear will also become disordered. These situations will become more and more obvious as the degree of cracks intensifies. Through experiments, the theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental results, verifying the correctness of the theoretical model. This provides a theoretical basis for fault diagnosis and reliability research of the system.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 퍼지 피드백 선형화 제어 시스템에 대한 강인 안정성 해석과 제어기 설계에 대해서 말하고 있다. 제어 대상인 비선형 시스템을 모델링 하는데 있어서 Takagi-Sugeno (TS) 퍼지 모델 기법을 이용하였고, 이때 발생할 수 있는 모델 불화실성과 외란에 대해 그것의 최대 최소 범위를 안다고 가정하였다. 모델링을 통해서 얻어진 폐구간 시스템에 대한 안정성 판별은 Diagonal Norm based Linear Differential Inclusions (DNLDI) 구조를 이용하여 $L_2$ 강인 안정성 해석을 하였다. 또한, 퍼지 피드백 선형화 제어 시스템을 안정화 시키는 최대 이득을 얻기 위하여 LMI 최적화 계산법을 기반으로한 수치 해석법을 제시하였다. 제안된 방법의 효과를 확인하기 위해서 강인 안정성 해석 및 제어 설계에 대한 간단한 모의실험을 하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2019

전력선 통신(PLC: Power Line Communication)은 저비용으로 고속 전송이 가능하여 스마트 그리드와 연계하여 다양하게 활용되고 있다. 그러나 전력선 채널은 임펄스 잡음으로 인하여 많은 문제가 있어 이를 해결하기 위하여 다양한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 최근에는 아날로그 신호에 대한 비선형 필터에 적응형 clippling을 사용하는 ACDL(Adaptive Cannonical Differential Limiter)이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 이의 특성을 분석하고 간략화하여 오버샘플링된 디지털신호에 대해 slew rate를 검출하는 방안과 유사함을 보였다. 제안된 방식은 모의 실험으로 PRIME 표준에서 성능을 검증하여 ACDL과 동일 수준 이상의 성능을 가지면서도 훨씬 간단히 구현이 가능한 장점을 확인하였다. BER 성능은 동등하면서도 복잡도는 10%이하로 줄어든다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2013

통상적인 쿼드로터 항공기는 네 개 로터의 회전 속도에 의한 추력 벡터의 크기를 조절하여 자세를 제어한다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 개발된 쿼드로터 항공기의 단점을 개선하기 위해서 사이클릭 피치 제어가 가능한 쿼드로터 항공기를 설계하였다. 콜렉티브와 사이클릭 제어를 사용하는 쿼드로터 항공기는 각 로터의 회전속도를 모두 동일하게 유지함으로써 진동에 의한 구조적인 문제를 해소할 수 있으며, 12개의 자유도를 가지므로 다양한 자세에서의 비행이 가능하기 때문에 자동 비행과 실용적 임무가 가능한 고성능 항공기로서 적합하다. 본 연구에서 개발하는 쿼드로터 항공기의 모델링은 FLIGHTLAB을 이용하여 비선형 모델을 구성하였으며, 각 비행 조건에서의 선형 모델을 이용하여 LQR 제어기 설계 및 비선형 시뮬레이션을 통해 제어기의 성능을 검증하였다. 본 논문은 사이클릭 피치 제어가 가능한 쿼드로터의 모델링 및 시뮬레이션 결과를 보여준다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.563-569
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• 2015

A chemical reaction occurring in CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor) is significantly affected by the concentration, temperature, pressure, and reacting time of materials, and thus it has strong nonlinear and time-varying characteristics. Also, when an existing linear PID controller with fixed gain is used, the performance could deteriorate or could be unstable if the system parameters change due to the change in the operating point of CSTR. In this study, a technique for the design of a fuzzy PD plus I controller was proposed for the temperature control of a CSTR process. In the fuzzy PD plus I controller, a linear integral controller was added to a fuzzy PD controller in parallel, and the steady-state performance could be improved based on this. For the fuzzy membership function, a Gaussian type was used; for the fuzzy inference, the Max-Min method of Mamdani was used; and for the defuzzification, the center of gravity method was used. In addition, the saturation state of the actuator was also considered during controller design. The validity of the proposed method was examined by comparing the set-point tracking performance and the robustness to the parameter change with those of an adaptive controller and a nonlinear proportional-integral-differential controller.