• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.2142-2153
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• 2014

Linearization of transducer characteristic plays a vital role in electronic instrumentation because all transducers have outputs nonlinearly related to the physical variables they sense. If the transducer output is nonlinear, it will produce a whole assortment of problems. Transducers rarely possess a perfectly linear transfer characteristic, but always have some degree of non-linearity over their range of operation. Attempts have been made by many researchers to increase the range of linearity of transducers. This paper presents a method to compensate nonlinearity of Linear Variable Displacement Transducer (LVDT) based on Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) method, Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) trained by Genetic Algorithm (GA). Because of the mechanism structure, LVDT often exhibit inherent nonlinear input-output characteristics. The best approximation capability of optimized ANN technique is beneficial to this. The use of this proposed method is demonstrated through computer simulation with the experimental data of two different LVDTs. The results reveal that the proposed method compensated the presence of nonlinearity in the displacement transducer with very low training time, lowest Mean Square Error (MSE) value and better linearity. This research work involves less computational complexity and it behaves a good performance for nonlinearity compensation for LVDT and has good application prospect.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1998

BACKGROUND : Hwabyung is a culturally-related syndrome of Korea diagnostically confounded with somatization, depressive and generalized anxiety disorders, representing typical clinical manifestations of wide range in their severity. METHODS : This clinical study was carried out on 200 inward stroke patients who had stable vital signs and had stayed at least for 10 days after admission. The patients were devided into two groups, hwabyung and non hwabyung group after an interview with an oriental neuropychiatrist. Than we compared the two groups with general characteristics, past history, stroke type, clinical manifestations and serum lipid levels. Also we investigated recent stressors in hwabyung group. RESULTS : The results showed that the incidence of hwabyung was about 28.5% in stroke patients. The greater number of subjects with hwabyung were women in lower educational level. Aphagia were observed more frequently in hwabyung group and verbal disturbance in non-hwabyung group. The most recent stressor of male in hwabyung group was finantial difficulties due to dishonor, unemployment, cheated and so on. As to female, the conflicts with husband or his family were the most recent stressor. As a whole, finantial difficulties were highly ranked as a recent stress in hwabyung group.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2012

Clinical and preclinical in vivo immune cell imaging approaches have been used to study immune cell proliferation, apoptosis and interaction at the microscopic (intra-vital imaging) and macroscopic (whole-body imaging) level by use of ex vivo or in vivo labeling method. A series of imaging techniques ranging from non-radiation based techniques such as optical imaging, MRI, and ultrasound to radiation based CT/nuclear imaging can be used for in vivo immune cell tracking. These imaging modalities highlight the intrinsic behavior of different immune cell populations in physiological context. Fluorescent, radioactive or paramagnetic probes can be used in direct labeling protocols to monitor the specific cell population. Reporter genes can also be used for genetic, indirect labeling protocols to track the fate of a given cell subpopulation in vivo. In this review, we summarized several methods dealing with dendritic cell, macrophage, and T lymphocyte specifically labeled for different macroscopic whole-body imaging techniques both for the study of their physiological function and in the context of immunotherapy to exploit imaging-derived information and immune-based treatments.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.151-154
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• 2008

Dramatic price increases of fossil fuels and the economic development of emerging nations accelerates the transformation of forest lands into monocultures, e.g. for biofuel production. On this account, cost efficient methods to enable the monitoring of land resources has become a vital ambition. The application of remote sensing techniques has become an integral part of forest attribute estimation and mapping. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potentials of the kNN method by combining terrestrial with remotely sensed data for the development of a pixel-based monitoring system for the small scaled mosaic of different land use types of the off-reserve forests of the Goaso forest district in Ghana, West Africa. For this reason, occurrence and distribution of land use types like cocoa and non-timber forest resources, such as bamboo and raphia palms, were estimated, applying the kNN method to ASTER satellite data. Averaged overall accuracies, ranging from 79% for plantain, to 83% for oil palms, were found for single-attribute classifications, whereas a multi-attribute approach showed overall accuracies of up to 70%. Values of k between 3 and 6 seem appropriate for mapping bamboo. Optimisation of spectral bands improves results considerably.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

Thyroidectomy patients may have vocal paralysis or paresis, resulting in a breathy voice. The aim of this study was to investigate the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of a breathy voice in thyroidectomy patients. Thirty-five subjects who have vocal paralysis after thyroidectomy participated in this study. According to perceptual judgements by three speech pathologists and one phonetic scholar, subjects were divided into two groups: breathy voice group (n = 21) and non-breathy voice group (n = 14). Aerodynamic analysis was conducted by three tasks (Voicing Efficiency, Maximum Sustained Phonation, Vital Capacity) and acoustic analysis was measured during Maximum Sustained Phonation task. The breathy voice group had significantly higher subglottal pressure and more pathological voice characteristics than the non breathy voice group. Showing 94.1% classification accuracy in result logistic regression of aerodynamic analysis, the predictor parameters for breathiness were maximum sound pressure level, sound pressure level range, phonation time of Maximum Sustained Phonation task and Pitch range, peak air pressure, and mean peak air pressure of Voicing Efficiency task. Classification accuracy of acoustic logistic regression was 88.6%, and five frequency perturbation parameters were shown as predictors. Vocal paralysis creates air turbulence at the glottis. It fluctuates frequency-related parameters and increases aspiration in high frequency areas. These changes determine perceptual breathiness.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.866-873
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• 2008

2-Deoxystreptamine is a core aglycon that is vital to backbone formation in various aminoglycosides. This core structure can be modified to develop hybrid types of aminoglycoside antibiotics. We obtained three genes responsible for 2-deoxystreptamine production, neo7, neo6, and neo5, which encode 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase, L-glutamine: 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose aminotransferase, and dehydrogenase, respectively, from the neomycin gene cluster. These genes were cloned into pIBR25, a Streptomyces expression vector, resulting in pNDOS. The recombinant pNDOS was transformed into a non-aminoglycoside-producing host, Streptomyces venezuelae YJ003, for heterologous expression. Based on comparisons of the retention time on LC-ESI/MS and ESI-MS data with those of the 2-deoxystreptamine standard, a compound produced by S. venezuelae YJ003/pNDOS was found to be 2-deoxystreptamine.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2021

Both structural transformation and education are the predominant subjects in the literature of development economics. This study examines the relationship between education before the tertiary level and the structural transformation of provinces by using Vietnam as a case study. In this study, education before the tertiary level would be disaggregated into three groups: primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary, then analyzed simultaneously on three-panel data models. Research data is taken from the statistical yearbook of provinces in Vietnam for 2015-2018. Research results show that education before the tertiary level plays a vital role in structural transformation. The enrolment rate of various education levels has a different influence on economic structure, and the lower secondary level has more significant effects than the upper secondary level. This reflects that participating in lower secondary is a fundamental requirement for taking some jobs in the non-agriculture sector, while upper secondary helps to upgrade the learner's abilities to respond to higher requirement jobs. The high rate of repeaters in upper secondary education will slow down the structural shift towards non-agriculture, and changing the traditional attitude about repeaters plays an essential role in improving this rate.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2022

Advanced radiation applications have been widely used and extended to many fields. As a result of this fact, choosing an appropriate shielding material based on the radiation application has become vital. In this regard, the integration of elements into polymer composites has been investigated and contributed to the quantity and quality of radiation shielding materials. This study reports photon attenuation parameters and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of a novel polymer composite prepared with a matrix reinforced with three different proportions (5, 10, and 15 wt%) of niobium content. Addition of Nb dopant improves both photon attenuation and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness for the investigated composites. Therefore, Nb(15%) polymer composite with highest concentration has been found to be the best absorber for ionizing and non-ionizing radiations. Consequently, the performed analyzes provide evidences that the prepared Nb-reinforced polymer composite could be effectively used as photon radiation attenuator and electromagnetic shielding material.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2006

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of classic heat stroke in Korea and to identify factors of prognosis for heat stroke by comparing a survival group with a non-survival group. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 27 patients with heat stroke who visited the Emergency Department of Kyungpook National University Hospital from March 2001 to February 2005. First, we divided the patients into two groups, the classic heat stroke group and the exertional heat stroke group, and compared them. Second, we compared the survival group with the non-survival group. Age, sex, cause, place where patients were found, underlying diseases, cooling time, performance of endotracheal intubation, initial Glasgow Coma Scale, initial vital sign, and laboratory findings were reviewed. Results: Five of 27 patients in heat stroke died. The classic heat stroke group had 20 patients. They were old and had more patients in the bathroom than the exertional heat stroke group had. The non-survival group showed lower blood pressure, lower initial GCS score, and higher respiratory rate than the survival group. In laboratory findings, the non-survival group also showed lower$HCO_3-$ level, lower albumin level, lower glucose level, more prolonged PT, and higher CK-MB level than the survival group. Delay in recognition of heat stroke and cooling were poor prognostic factors in heat stroke. Conclusion: The classic heat stroke group had patients who were old and found in the bathroom. Early recognition and treatment of heat stroke is important to reduce mortality. Cooling time, initial GCS score, mean arterial pressure, resipratory rate, $HCO_3-$, PT, CK-MB, and albumin seem to be meaningful when forming a prognosis for heat stroke patients.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2020

급격한 노령화가 의료 시설의 부족과 이로 인한 국민 건강의 질적 하락을 가져올 가능성이 점차 높아지고 있으며 의료비 상승의 부담을 해소하기 위해 선진국에서는 서비스 단가를 낮추기 위한 의료 기관들의 원격의료가 확대되고 있는 추세이다. 유헬스케어는 인체에서 발생하는 물리적, 화학적 현상의 변화를 감지하여 처리 가능한 전기적 신호로 변환하고 측정된 신호 중에서 원하는 정보만을 선택하기 위한 분석과정, 시각화 과정을 통해 결과를 피드백하여 관련정보, 경고, 알람 등을 사용자에게 제공하는 과정을 통해 서비스되고 있다. 하지만 센서를 신체에 직접 부착하는 전통적인 생체계측 방법은 일상생활에 불편을 주고 거부감이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 일상생활에 불편함을 주지 않고 지속적으로 생체 정보를 측정할 수 있는 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 일상생활에 불편을 주지 않고 지속적으로 생체정보를 모니터링 할 수 있는 IR-UWB 기반의 비접촉. 무구속적인 호흡측정 시스템을 제안한다.