• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.726-734
• /
• 2007

Generally, a mobile robot is moved by original input programs. However, it is very hard for a non-expert to change the program generating the moving path of a mobile robot, because he doesn't know almost the teaching command and operating method for driving the robot. Therefore, the teaching method with speech command for a handicapped person without hands or a non-expert without an expert knowledge to generate the path is required gradually. In this study, for easily teaching the moving path of the autonomous mobile robot, the autonomous mobile robot with the function of speech recognition is developed. The use of human voice as the teaching method provides more convenient user-interface for mobile robot. To implement the teaching function, the designed robot system is composed of three separated control modules, which are speech preprocessing module, DC servo motor control module, and main control module. In this study, we design and implement a speaker dependent isolated word recognition system for creating moving path of an autonomous mobile robot in the unknown environment. The system uses word-level Hidden Markov Models(HMM) for designated command vocabularies to control a mobile robot, and it has postprocessing by neural network according to the condition based on confidence score. As the spectral analysis method, we use a filter-bank analysis model to extract of features of the voice. The proposed word recognition system is tested using 33 Korean words for control of the mobile robot navigation, and we also evaluate the performance of navigation of a mobile robot using only voice command.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.56-66
• /
• 2005

In response to the increasing emphasis being placed on the importance of international cooperation as part of global efforts to cope with growing non proliferation, and security, concerns in the nuclear field, the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Mohamed ElBaradei, appointed an international group of experts to consider possible multilateral approaches to the nuclear fuel cycle. The mandate of the Expert Group was three fold: ${\bullet}$ To identify and provide an analysis of issues and options relevant to multilateral approaches to the front and back ends of the nuclear fuel cycle; ${\bullet}$ To provide an overview of the policy, legal, security, economic, institutional and technological incentives and disincentives for cooperation in multilateral arrangements for the front and back ends of the nuclear fuel cycle; and ${\bullet}$ To provide a brief review of the historical and current experiences and analyses relating to multilateral fuel cycle arrangements relevant to the work of the Expert Group. The overall purpose was to assess MNAs in the framework of a double objective: strengthening the international nuclear non proliferation regime and making the peaceful uses of nuclear energy more economical and attractive. The Group identifies options for MNAs - options in terms of policy, institutional and legal factors - for those parts of the nuclear fuel cycle of greatest sensitivity from the point of view of proliferation risk. It also reflects the Groups deliberations on the corresponding benefits and disadvantages (pros and cons) of the various options and approaches. Although the Expert Group was able to agree to forward the resulting report to the Director General, it is important to note that the report does not reflect agreement by all of the experts on any of the options, nor a consensus assessment of their respective value. It is intended only to present options for MNAs, and to reflect on the range of considerations which could impact on the desirability and feasibility of those options.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a specialized clinical research protocol for acupuncture treatment specifically designed for disaster survivors based on insights from an expert survey. Methods: An expert panel comprising specialists in neuropsychiatry, acupuncture, and clinical research methodology was assembled. Initial data to inform the clinical research protocol design was collected utilizing open-ended responses, multiple-choice questions, and a 5-point Likert scale to gauge agreement levels. Next, this data was disseminated to a panel of experts. A cohesive clinical research protocol was then formulated during a core panel meeting by integrating insights from a panel of 10 experts. Results: The protocol developed herein entails a non-randomized controlled study involving participants aged 19~64 years old who have been identified as high-risk or cautious according to the National Trauma Center screening test. The study design includes the establishment of an active control group, which allows for the assessment of an additional effect through comparison with conventional therapy. The selected acupuncture approach involves a combination of manual acupuncture and ear acupuncture. For clinical outcome assessment, the Clinician-Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale for DSM-5 was proposed to gauge trauma symptoms. Representative scales for various domains such as depression, anxiety, anger, insomnia, pain, and quality of life were also provided for reference. Conclusions: The developed protocol is anticipated to streamline the swift design and initiation of clinical trials during disaster scenarios. It is also designed to be scalable, thereby enabling its application in both non-randomized control group studies and single-group before-and-after comparisons.

• CELLMED
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.4.1-4.3
• /
• 2013

Times are changing in Italian healthcare and Traditional and Non Conventional Medicine has become increasingly relevant to medical practice. With this comes an increasing need for guidelines. As the use of Traditional and Non Conventional Medicine has increased in Italy, so has the need for high standards in education in this field (outside of biomedicine and the dominant health system) among medical students, medical doctors and medical educators. The rise of Traditional and Non Conventional Medicine is so relevant for medical practice and health care in Italy; the time calls for a change. The article describes this new setting in regards to education in Acupuncture within the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Italy's oldest private school.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2012

The need for evidence-based decision making in immunization programs has increased due to the presence of multiple health priorities, limited human resources, expensive vaccines, and limited funds. Countries should establish a group of national experts to advise their Ministries of Health. So far, many nations have formed their own National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs). In the Republic of Korea, the Korea Expert Committee on Immunization Practices (KECIP), established by law in the early 1990s, has made many important technical recommendations to contribute to the decline in vaccine preventable diseases and currently functions as a NITAG. It includes 13 core members and 2 non-core members, including a chairperson. Core members usually come from affiliated organizations in internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics, microbiology, preventive medicine, nursing and a representative from a consumer group, all of whom serve two year terms. Non-core members comprise two government officials belonging to the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) and the Korea Food and Drug Administration. Meetings are held as needed, but at least twice a year, and sub-committees are formed as a resource for gathering, analyzing, and preparing information for the KECIP meetings. Once the sub-committees or the KCDC review the available data, the KECIP members discuss each issue in depth and develop recommendations, usually by a consensus in the meeting. The KECIP publishes national guidelines and immunization schedules that are updated regularly. KECIP's role is essentially consultative and the implementation of their recommendations may depend on the budget or current laws.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 1990

The location of inspection stations is a significant component of production systems. In this paper, a prototype expert system is designed for deciding the optimal location of inspection stations. The production system is defined as a single channel of n serial operation stations. The potential inspection station can be located after any of the operation stations. Nonconforming units are generated from a compound binomial distribution with known parameters at any given operation station. Traditionally Dynamic programming, Zero-one integer programming, or Non-linear programming techniques are used to solve this problem. However a problem with these techniques is that the computation time becomes prohibitively large when t be number of potential inspection stations are fifteen or more. An expert system has the potential to solve this problem using a rule-based system to determine the near optimal location of inspection stations. This prototype expert system is divided into a static database, a dynamic database and a knowledge base. Based on defined production systems, the sophisticated rules are generated by the simulator as a part of the knowledge base. A generate-and-test inference mechanism is utilized to search the solution space by applying appropriate symbolic and quantitative rules based on input data. The goal of the system is to determine the location of inspection stations while minimizing total cost.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 1993

The urban expansion and the modernization of the urban infrastructure need a new technology to manage the facilities. The sewer management, one of the urban infrastructures, requires geographical information systems(GIS) for this purpose, and can be supported by the expert system. Consequently, non-professionals can use this system conveniently. In this study, the search and retrieving capacity of the relational database management system(DBMS) and the chain topology generator of the vector-based GIS were integrated into the sewer management system together with the expert knowledge. This system can predict the sewer volume charge by the simulation, and automate these procedures. This system is also user-friendly by using the user-interface. Finally, the system was applied to one of the Seoul drainage districts and tested.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2004

In this paper, a new approach to the automation of the cultivation in a green house is suggested and a practical automatic control cultivation system is implemented. To automatically control and optimize the very nonlinear and time-varying growth of farm products, a hybrid strategy(FECA, Fuzzy Expertized Control Algorithm) is proposed which serially combines a fuzzy expert system with the fuzzy logic control. The fuzzy expert system(FMES, Fuzzy Model-based Expert System is intended to overcome the non-linearity of the growth of farm products. The part of fuzzy controller(FLC, Fuzzy Logic Controller) is incorporated to solve the time-variance of the growth of farm products. Finally, the efficiency and the effectiveness of the implemented agricultural automation system is presented through the cultivation results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.200-205
• /
• 2011

This research is first to analyze an electomygram reaction of the lower limbs among the muscles used during a back-round kicking of Taekwondo, second to analyze the relationship between the muscles of the kicking limb and those of the supporting limb, third to compare EMG activity of expert with novice. Measured muscles are as follows; rectus fermoris which control flexion and stretching of femora and knee joints, vastus medialis and vastus lateralis, which control flexion and stretching of legs, and biceps fermoris, which control stretching of femora, bending of knee joints and abduction of the crus. The electomygram reaction of all these selected muscles were analyzed. Three kicks were performed, and electomygram of each of kicks were measured. Then, electomygram reaction of the best kick was used for electomygram analysis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.12-18
• /
• 2009

Skid mark and coefficient of friction are usually utilized to calculate the velocity and behavior of vehicles. For a critical case such as traffic accident reconstruction, however, the initial velocity of the car should be calculated precisely. In this study, in order to estimate the speed at the brake onset, rapid braking tests were executed on the proving ground. We compared with a skid length and wheel locking time of an expert driver and a general person. We verified that the skid mark of expert driver occurs longer than general person's. A new method is proposed to determine the speed of a vehicle at the brake onset of maximum braking, which could be applied to a reconstruction of vehicle with Non-ABS.