• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.629-648
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• 2016

This paper deals with 111 buildings built between 1962 and 1987, from various parts of the city of Osijek, for which, through the collection of documentation, a database is created. The aim of this paper is to provide the first steps in assessing seismic risk in Osijek applying method based on vulnerability index. This index uses collected information of parameters of the building: the structural system, the construction year, plan, the height, i.e., the number of stories, the type of foundation, the structural and non-structural elements, the type and the quality of main construction material, the position in the block and built-up area. According to this method defining five damage states, the action is expressed in terms of the macroseismic intensity and the seismic quality of the buildings by means of a vulnerability index. The value of the vulnerability index can be changed depending on the structural systems, quality of construction, etc., by introducing behavior and regional modifiers based on expert judgments. Since there is no available data of damaged buildings under earthquake loading in our country, we will propose behavior modifiers based on values suggested by earlier works and on judgment based on available project documentation of the considered buildings. Depending on the proposed modifiers, the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings in the city of Osijek will be assessed. The resulting vulnerability of the considered residential buildings provides necessary insight for emergency planning and for identification of critical objects vulnerable to seismic loading.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.2043-2048
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• 2015

Bacillus thuringiensis microbial insecticide products have been applied worldwide. Although a few cases of B. thuringiensis foodborne illness have been reported, little is known about the toxigenic properties of B. thuringiensis isolates. The aims of this study were to estimate the pathogenic potential of B. thuringiensis selected from microbial insecticide products, based on its possession of toxin genes and production of enterotoxins. Fifty-two B. thuringiensis strains selected from four kinds of microbial insecticide products were analyzed. PCR assay for detection of toxin genes and immunoassay for detection of enterotoxins were performed. The hemolysin BL complex as a major enterotoxin was produced by 17 (32.7%), whereas the non-hemolytic enterotoxin complex was detected in 1 (1.9%) of 52 B. thuringiensis strains. However, cytK, entFM, and ces genes were not detected in any of the tested B. thuringiensis strains. The potential risk of food poisoning by B. thuringiensis along with concerns over B. thuringiensis microbial insecticide products has gained attention recently. Thus, microbial insecticide products based on B. thuringiensis should be carefully controlled.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.547-549
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• 2015

Acute subdural hematoma (SDH) of arterial origin is rare, especially SDH associated with an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is extremely rare. The authors report a case of acute spontaneous SDH due to rupture of a tiny cortical AVM. A 51-year-old male presented with sudden onset headache and mentality deterioration without a history of trauma. Brain CT revealed a large volume acute SDH compressing the right cerebral hemisphere with subfalcine and tentorial herniation. Emergency decompressive craniectomy was performed to remove the hematoma and during surgery a small (5 mm sized) conglomerated aciniform mass with two surrounding enlarged vessels was identified on the parietal cortex. After warm saline irrigation of the mass, active bleeding developed from a one of the vessel. The bleeding was stopped by coagulation and the vessels were removed. Histopathological examination confirmed the lesion as an AVM. We concluded that a small cortical AVM existed at this area, and that the cortical AVM had caused the acute SDH. Follow up conventional angiography confirmed the absence of remnant AVM or any other vascular abnormality. This report demonstrates rupture of a cortical AVM is worth considering when a patient presents with non-traumatic SDH without intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2020

Abdominal organs are the most vulnerable body parts under vehicle trauma, and there is high mortality from acute injuries in accidents. There are various ways to reduce this high mortality; one method is Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta, which has recently become very popular as a minimally invasive alternative in the emergent management of patients with non-compressible hemorrhages below the diaphragm. However, high safety factor for patients is applied in actual clinical practice because there is no exact standard for the operating time. Therefore, in this study, the effects of the mechanical behavior of organ tissues for the duodenum, kidney, and liver on the operating time of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta is investigated in order to obtain data needed to establish standards of operating time. In characteristic analysis of organ tissues, uniaxial tensile test and compression test are conducted according to the operating time.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to present a nonoperative treatment for abdominal injuries in patients with multiple traumas and to discuss the role of metropolitan tertiary hospital, non-regional trauma centers. We collected data from patients with multiple traumas including abdominal injuries from 2009 to 2014. Patient characteristics, associated injuries, short-term outcomes and departments that managed the patients overall were analyzed. Based on treatment modalities for abdominal injury, patients were divided into two groups: the operative treatment group and the nonoperative treatment group. We compared differences in patient characteristics, injury mechanisms, initial vital signs, detailed injury types, lengths of hospital and ICU stays. Of the 167 patients with multiple traumas, abdominal injuries were found in 57 patients. The injury mechanism for 44 patients (77.2%) was traffic accidents, and associated extra-abdominal injuries were shown in 45 patients (78.9%). The mean lengths of hospital and ICU stays for the 57 patients were 36.4 days and 8.3 days, respectively. The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.8%. Ten patients (17.5%) were treated operatively, and 47 patients (82.5%) were treated nonoperatively. Among the 47 patients in the nonoperative treatment group, 17 patients received embolization, and 3 patients underwent a percutaneous drainage procedure. Operative treatments were used more in patients with injuries to the pancreas and bowel. No patient required additional surgery or died due to the failure of nonoperative treatment. No differences in the clinical characteristics except for the detailed injury type were observed between the two groups. In appropriately selected patients with multiple traumas including abdominal injuries, nonoperative treatment is a safe and feasible. For rapid and accurate managements of these patients, well-trained trauma surgeons who can manage problems with the various systems in the human body and who can decide whether nonoperative treatment is appropriate or not are required.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.563-570
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop specialized mentor program to improve adaptation for new nurses of intensive care unit and to identify the effect of the program on early resignation rate. Methods: The study adopted nonequivalent control group, non synchronized design. Based on the identification of problems and the needs of new nurses, a 6 month specialized mentor program was developed. The program was consisted of three parts; developing knowledge, improving interpersonal relationship and increasing coping competency for emergency situation. Data were collected between July 2006 and 2008 from 37 nurses and the early resignation rate was compared before and after the implementation of the mentoring program. Results: Early resignation rate of the nurses who received the mentor program was significantly lower than that of the nurses who didn't. The resignation rate within 1 year dropped from 44.5% to 8.3%(p=.034). Conclusions: The specialized six month mentoring program was effective in reducing early resignation rate.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2009

의료기관에서 환자의 개인건강정보는 진료를 위해 의료진의 정보열람이 반드시 필요한 사항이다. 그러나 이러한 정보의 불필요한 노출은 개인정보보호와 관련이 있어 민감하게 취급되어야 하며, 의료기관에 종사하는 사용자들이라 할지라도 접근에 있어 역할에 따른 제한이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 의료진과 그 이외의 직원들 간의 사용자 식별을 통한 개인건강정보의 접근 통제뿐만 아니라 업무에 따른 조건을 추가하여 사용자 직종 내에서도 상황에 따른 접근 통제에 대해 연구하였다. 응급상황, 담당과 여부에 따른 접근 통제, 그리고 환자가 정하는 본인의 개인정보에 대한 접근통제를 포함하여 확장된 개념의 역할기반 접근제어를 합으로써 의료기관내에서 환자의 개인건강정보의 불필요한 접근이나 유출을 최소화 할 수 있다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권12B호
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• pp.2298-2319
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 최근 들어 본격적인 연구개발이 활성화되고 있는 무선 데이터 통신서비스를 근간으로 한 미세 정보 감시 시스템(RMIMS : radio interfaced micro information monitoring system or MICROS: micro information and communication remote object-oriented system)에 대한 QoS(quality of service)를 보장하는 새로운 움직이는 기지국(MMBS: moving mobile base station) 서비스 방법을 제안하였다. 미세정보 감시시스템은 독립된 전원 장치 형태로 감시 대상 지역에 영구적으로 혹은 반 영구적으로 배치되므로 매우 저 전력의 시스템 요구 사항을 가진다. 또한 이동서이 작고, 비교적 비 실시간 트래픽 특성과 터미널의 배치 영역에 비해 터미널 수가 작은 특성을 가진다. 상향링크(uplink) 방향의 전송거리가 작고, 특정 일부 지역에 환경오염감시, 안전감시, 재난감시, 군사적인 목적 등 응용서비스에 따라 배치되는 RMIMS 터미널을 서비스하기 위해서는 기존의 셀룰라 망에서 사용되는 고정위치 기지국 방식은 경제성 및 실현성을 제공할 수 없다. 이러한 경우에 RMIMS 터미널들에 대한 정보 수집 데이터 망 (network) 서비스를 위하여 이중 무선 인 股嶽決?dual wireless network interface)을 가지면서 IS-MMBS(in-service MMBS), BS-MMBS(background scanning MMBS)를 사용하는 서비스 구조를 통하여 RMIMS 터미널들에 QoS를 보장하는 무선 데이터 서비스를 제공하는 방법 및 절차들을 제안하였다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.307-329
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• 2014

의료관광은 의료관광객의 응급하지 않은 의료행위에 대해 해외 의료서비스에 접근할 수 있도록 의료서비스와 관광을 함께 연계하는 것을 의미한다. 전세계적으로 의료관광객의 수가 상당한 수준으로 증가함에 따라 의료관광에 대한 관심은 연구자, 정책 입안자, 그리고 매스 미디어에 이르기까지 폭넓게 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 의료관광에 대한 체계적이며 세부적인 연구노력은 현재 매우 미진하고 제한적인 편이다. 본 연구에서는 중국 의료관광객이 목적지를 선택할 때 선호하는 의료속성을 파악 및 분석하였다. 중국 의료관광객의 중요 선호속성의 이상적 조합을 통해 한국으로의 중국 의료관광객을 유치를 증진할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 컨조인트 분석을 통하여 의료관광 중요 선택속성조합을 도출하였으며 연구결과, 목적지 선택에 있어서 의료 기술의 경쟁력이 가장 중요한 것을 파악되었다. 선택속성조합의 하위요소에 있어서는 국제의료인증이 중요한 사항으로 입증되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 의료기관과 여행에이전시 등 관련 기업에게 마케팅활동을 위한 통찰력을 제공할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 의료관광객이 선호하는 브랜드와 그에 따른 선호요소를 기존의 의료관광목적지 분석연구와 연계하여 좀 더 체계적인 의료관광 상품의 개발과 한국의료관광의 역량을 강화하는데 본 연구가 일조할 것으로 판단된다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2006

Object : Nerve growth factor(NGF) is a protein involved in neuronal survival and plasticity in the central nervous system, which might play an important role in stress, depression and suicide. This study was performed to determine whether there is an alteration in plasma NGF concentrations in depressed patients with suicidal attempt. Methods : The subjects were 32 depressed patients who attempted suicide and admitted in emergency room. Forty-four hospitalized non-suicidal depressive patients and the 30 normal controls were closely matched with the suicidal group in terms of age and sex. Individuals in all 3 groups were evaluated independently by a semi-structured interview for the purpose of establishing a DSM-IV criteria diagnosis. The severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated using Hamilton depression rating scale(HDRS). The severity of the suicidal behavior was evaluated by Weisman and Worden's risk-rescue rating(RRR) system and the Lethality Suicide Attempt Rating Scale(LSARS). Plasma NGF level was measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method. Results : There were no statistically significant differences of the plasma NGF levels among groups. LSARS and RRR did not reveal any significant correlation with ${\beta}$-NGF level in suicidal depressive patients. Conclusion : This study do not support an association between ${\beta}$-NGF and suicidal depression. However it is necessary to investigate this association through other route such as postmortem brain.