• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2018

Purposes: The purpose of this study is to argue that the taxation system for non-for-profit medical institution in Korea should be revised and that the basic direction should be to expand tax exemption like the US. Methods: We analyzed the US context of taxation policy for non-for-profit medical institutions and compared the US and Korean situation. Findings: In the United States, for-profit or non-for-profit medical institutions eternities are the most important criteria for hospital classification. Basically, full tax-exemption has been applied for non-for-profit medical institutions. The reason why many hospitals maintain their status as non-for-profit are following. First, the American society places great importance on the social responsibility and role of non-for-profit hospitals. Second, maintaining the status of non-for profit medical institutions is financially beneficial while maintaining good social reputation. The most powerful financial incentives are tax deductions and tax deductions for donations. Practical Implications: How will the taxation system for medical institutions in Korea be reformed in the future? First, if Korean government do not allow for-profit medical institutions, Korean government should consider implementing a full tax exemption system suitable for non-profit medical institutions like the US. Second, there are many variation in taxation for non-for-profit medical institution according to their legal positions. Therefore, current taxation system should be revised. Third, the reorganization of such taxation system should be in a direction that can finally encourage community benefit activities of medical institutions of nonprofit hospitals.

• Korea Real Estate Review
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.87-102
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the taxation equity of non-residential collective real estate based on its standard market prices set by National Tax Service and those for taxation set by the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs with that of the apartment houses in Seoul, South Korea. The study findings were as follows. First, the analysis results of the standard market price rates of non-residential collective real estate pointed to a huge gap in the assessment rate (AR) of the taxation standards among the Gu offices. Second, there was a big coefficient of dispersion (COD) in the standard market prices of non-residential collective real estate, which confirmed the presence of horizontal inequity. Finally, there was regressive vertical inequity, which leads to the undervaluation of high-value assets, in the standard market prices of non-residential collective real estate. The evaluation of the standard market prices of non-residential collective real state should thus reflect the market prices and the addition and assessment of the land and buildings to achieve taxation equity. Based on these findings, it is hoped that this study will make a significant contribution to the improvement of the official announcement system for non-residential real estate based on real transactions during the shift to such system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.5594-5600
• /
• 2013

The compensation for employee invention from the university can be taxed or non-taxed depending on the classification of the type of income. The government legislated the Promotion of Industrial Education and Industry-Academic Cooperation Act and the Technology Transfer and Commercialization Promotion Act in order to improve the research productivity of universities and industrial-academic collaboration via transferring the technologies. However, the confusion with taxation on the compensation of employee invention from the university has been incurred due to the difference of legal interpretation between government bureaus. In this research, bureaucratic conflict on the non-taxation scheme is examined in a legal aspect and the effect of non-taxation scheme is also studied in aspect to personal tax exemption. Finally, some suggestions are provided for the purpose of settlement of the non-taxation scheme in order to improve employee invention from the university.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.45-58
• /
• 2014

It is a well recognised rule in international law that the property of aliens cannot be taken. The question of whether indirect expropriation and government regulatory measures require compensation is an important issue in international investment law. Bilateral investment treaties and other investment agreements contain brief and general indirect expropriation provisions. These focus on the effect of government action and do not address the distinction between compensable and non-compensable regulatory actions. It is generally accepted that a state is not responsible for loss of property or for other economic disadvantages resulting from bona fide general taxation accepted as within the police power of states, provided it is not discriminatory. Yukos Oil Company is a Russian oil and gas company engaged in exploration, refining, and marketing activities. It is one of the largest oil and gas companies in the world. Yukos Oil Company has its production operations in Russia and markets its products in Europe. An international tribunal ordered the Russian government to compensate a group of Spanish investors for the losses they suffered when Russia seized the Yukos Oil Company on July 26, 2012. This has been the subject of several judicial proceedings and academic publications. This paper explores which circumstances do not lead to taxation amounting to expropriation. The author suggests that under the following circumstances, taxation would not amount to expropriation. First, taxation should be non-discriminatory. Also a lawful exercise of the taxation powers of governments would not amount to expropriation.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.823-831
• /
• 2018

We define progressive tax rate functions, study their properties, and describe some smooth models. The key requirement, defining the progressive nature of the taxation model, is that the progressive tax rate functions should have infinite contact with the zero function at the origin, in order to care the poor. In constructing a wide array of such functions, assisting functions are introduced.

• Korean Business Review
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 2008

Many sports organizations have been founded due to the Increasing demand for sports with the development of leisure culture. As a social institution for sport facilitation, sports organizations should assure rationality and transparence of finance and operation by introducing a system for financial reporting as usually adopted for a profit-making corporation. Also, general regulations on the tax obligation in sports organizations have to be formulated more clearly. This study tried to derive some implications for the accounting and taxation obligations in Korean sports organizations based on a basic model of public sports organizations, formed with a profit-making organization and satisfying the requirements of public interest as regulated by German taxation law.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.193-212
• /
• 2021

Purpose - This study investigates the effect of auditor change on client firm's accounting (financial statement) comparability. Design/methodology/approach - The comparability of accounting information is measured by the difference in accruals between the two firms. Additionally, the study uses earnings-stock return relationship as another proxy of accounting comparability. In particular, the paper examines whether there is a systematic difference between initial audit years and the other years with respect to the client firm's accounting comparability. Moreover, current study tests how changes in auditor size or industry expertise before and after the switch of auditors affect the accounting comparability. Findings - The results show that the level of accounting comparability is lower in the year of auditor change than in the other years. Furthermore, this lower level of comparability is derived by the observations that switch their auditors from non-Big4 to non-Big4 or from non-specialist to non-specialist. These results are consistent when accounting comparability is measured by different proxies. Research implications or Originality - The findings of this study provide important policy implications for the regulations related with auditor selection.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.190-198
• /
• 2007

This study is to analysis the application statue of account and non-account information of the tax investigators, who are charging significant roles in the decision making process of the tax investigation and to verify whether work factors, regarding work performance, affect on the application of the taxation discretion. Following to verified results of the study, tax investigators apply the income statement most frequently and significantly consider the financial statement with annexed specification from the data to expedite an efficient tax investigation. In a selection of non-account information, work group preferentially considers the disorder of job performance. The analysis of primary factor embodies that the professionalism, regarding legal or institutional work performance, and the working environment intimately effect on the tax discretion application.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.7 no.8
• /
• pp.199-206
• /
• 2007

Capital gain comes from the transfer gain which is occurring by transferring assets except inventory assets. Our government recently has made capital gain tax on real estates and imposed as classified income tax by including it into aggregate income so that provide function of tax and curb property speculation. However the present income tax law imposes capital gain tax on capital profit including real estate and securities, while this law and the special tax treatment control law implement non-taxation and tax exemption too widely. That is to say, the system of capital gain tax can hinder the fair tax because it has various exemption terms including the non-taxation principle on a house for a family and the special tax treatment law. And also it has a problem in the sense of equity because it imposes tax by progressive tax rate on the subjects of capital gain tax considering them as the profit of that year, which were transferred, so there is difference between the income which has been made for a long time and the income made for a short time even in the same capital gain. Therefore this study identifies some issues surrounding the present capital gain tax system and focuses on presenting reasonable development plan.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.639-651
• /
• 2016

"Law on price announcement for real estate" which was revised as of Jan. 19, 2016 (will be enforced as of Sep. 1, 2016) decided the introduction of 'Price announcement system for non-residential property' for the first time. However, its introduction seems to be delayed based on two reasons. Firstly the methodology for introduction of non-property system is not definitized, despite many problems were brought up for current tax base of non-residential property. In addition, changes in tax base will place a burden on the government. In this regard, this study analyzed actual transaction price data throughout one year to analyze equity of taxation for non-residential property and to find major factor which affects on the tax base, in relation with the change of current public announcement system to actual transaction based system. And this is the first study that applied actual transaction price to non-residential property.