• 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2020

This paper aims to investigate how word order interacts with cliticization in Sakizaya, a Formosan language. This paper looks into nominative and genitive case markers from a corpus-based approach. The data are collected from an online dictionary of Sakizaya, and they are classified into two word orders: nominative case marker preceding genitive case marker and vice versa. The data are also divided into three categories, according to the demarcation of the case markers, which include right, left, or no demarcation. The corpus includes 700 sentences in the construction of predicate + noun phrase + noun phrase. The results suggest that the two case markers tend to be parsed into the preceding word and show right demarcation. The results also reveal that there are type difference and distance effect of the case markers on the cliticization. Nominative case markers show more right demarcation than genitive case markers do in the corpus. Also, the closer the case markers are to the predicate, the more possible the case markers undergo cliticization.

• 아동학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

This study examined the spontaneous utterances of 20 1-2 year old Korean-Chinese children in Yanji, China by videotaping their spontaneous natural speech during interaction with his/her caregiver for 30 minutes on 4 separate occasions. Utterances were transcribed and coded by nominative and accusative case markers; then analyzed by grammatical functions. Results showed that the order and pattern of the acquisition of the case marking system of Korean-Chinese bilinguals differed from that of Korean monolinguals. Bilinguals used the accusative marker -lul earlier than the nominative marker-ka and overextended the accusative marker more often than the nominative marker. These results are consistent with those of Gathercole (in press) who found that bilingual children differed from monolinguals in mastering grammar.

• 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2002

Focal parts of utterance can be determined by new/contrastive information, a focus particle, a contrastive topic marker, or a nominative case marker in Busan Korean. Among these factors, new or contrastive information is the most important element in determining the intonational nucleus of an utterance. However, unlike Seoul Korean, when a focus particle, a topic marker, or a case marker contributes to the placement of the most prominent peak of an utterance, the peak is on the noun to which they are attached. Moreover, the case marker-ga shows more prominent pitch on the preceding noun than the noun followed by the topic marker-nun when-ga is used as emphatic or contrastive. This is one of the major problems for Busan Korean users in commanding natural and fluent Seoul Korean intonation even if they use standard written form of Seoul Korean in their speech.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

Late talkers are young children who are delayed in their expressive language skills despite normal nonverbal cognitive ability, adequate hearing and typical personality development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sentence interpretation strategies used by Korean-speaking late talkers and age-matched normal children. Nine late talkers and nine normal children matched by age at 30-35months were participated in this study. 27 simple noun-noun-verb(NNV) sentences were generated by factorial combination of case-marker [nominal case-marker on the first noun and accusative on the second (C1), accusative on the first noun and nominative on the second (C2), and no case markers on both nouns (C0)], and animacy of the nouns [animate-inanimate(AI), inanimate-animate(IA), animate-animate(AA)]. All the children were asked to "act out" their interpretation of the given sentence. For each type of sentences the percentage of choices of the first noun as the agent was calculated. The results of group (2) ${\times}$ animacy(3) ${\times}$ case-marker(3) mixed ANOVA showed a significant main effect for 'animacy', 'case marker' and 'group(2) ${\times}$ case-marker (3)'. The late talkers relied on semantic (animacy) cues in their interpretation of the sentences, while the normal peers utilized both animacy and grammatical morpheme (case-marker) cues. The results indicated that the late-talkers' comprehension skills were also delayed.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2000

The goal of this paper is to examine how Case Drop (the drop of the case markers) correlates with the prosodic structure in Korean. On the assumption that intervocalic Lenis Stop Voicing (LSV) applies within the domain of the Accentual Phrase (AP), voicing analyses are performed on intervocalic lenis stop consonants before and after Case Drop. A statistical analysis reveals that the drop of the nominative and accusative case markers significantly alter the AP structure. Pitch values will then be extracted to verify that such changes in the AP structure conform to the pitch properties proposed for the AP (Jun 1993, 1998). The results show that the AP structure suggested by LSV does not always coincide with that imposed by the pitch properties.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제41호
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• pp.407-444
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 개화기 풍자소설인 <>을 대상으로 형태론적 특징을 고찰하고, 창작 시기를 추정하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 먼저 조어의 특징을 살핀 다음 조사를 중심으로 분석하였으며, <경셩>의 창작 시기에 대한 형태론적 분석 결과를 바탕으로 창작시기에 대한 의견을 제시하였다. <경셩>의 창작시기에 대한 기존의 논의를 타당한 것으로 본다. 문학전공자를 중심으로 선행 연구에서 <경셩>의 창작시기를 대체로 1901년 이후 1907년 이전으로 잡았는데, 본고의 형태론적 고찰을 통한 결과와도 일치하기 때문이다. 조어 특징에서, 조건법 표현인 '~ 말이면' 등장은 <경셩>의 창작시기를 추정하는 데 도움이 되었다. <경셩>의 창작시기(1910년 전후) 이전의 문헌에서는 이에 상응하는 조건법 표현은 '~ 작시면'이었는데, <경셩> 시기의 신소설에서는 '~ 말이면'으로 나타나고, 그 이후에는 '~ 것 갓흐면'이나 '~'으로 바뀌면서 현대국어의 양상에 근접하기 때문이다. 조어의 특징으로 오기(誤記)를 분석하였다. 단순한 오기와 무지(無知)에서 비롯한 오기로 나누어 살펴본 바, <경셩>의 필사자는 창작자는 물론 아니고 원전(原典)에 대한 이해가 깊은 교양인도 아닐 것으로 추정할 수 있었다. 조사의 특징에서 주격조사 '-가'의 전면적 사용이 특기(特記)할 만하였다. 주격조사 '-가'는 근대국어 초기에 이미 등장하였으나, <이언(易言)>의 한글본의 언해시기(1883년)까지는 전면적으로 쓰이지 않고 '-ㅣ'가 대신하였다. 하지만 <경셩> 시기에서는 '-ㅣ'가 화석형으로 흔적만 남기고 대부분 '-가'로 대체되었음을 알 수 있었다. 이를 근거로 <경셩>의 창작시기는 최소한 1883년 이후일 것으로 추정하였다.