• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.241.3-242
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• 2003

By acting on vanilloid receptor(VR1). capsaicin excites and then desensitizes a subset of primary neurons involved in nociception, neurogenic inflammation, and a variety of local regulatory functions. Due to this unique biological activity, VR1 is at present one of the most attractive targets for the treatment of pain. However, despite the concentrated effort on agonists, they have been exposed to the side effects such as pungency and/or hypothermia responses. (omitted)

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.569-572
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• 2008

The root of Astragalus membranaceous (AM) has been used to treat edema and arthritis in the traditional Korean medicine. To elucidate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of ethanol extract of AM, the carrageenan-induced paw edema using a plethysmometer and thermal hypersensitivity using the plantar test were measured. Ibuprofen was used as a control drug. Pretreatment with AM (400 mg/kg p.o.) significantly reduced paw edema, compared to the carrageenan-treated rats. In the plantar test, the thermal withdrawal latency in AM-treated group was significantly increased than the carrageenan-treated group. The results indicate that AM could have be the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2002

A role for ATP in nociception and pain induction was proposed. ATP-gated P2X ion channel receptors are localized throughout the nervous system and have been identified on neurons which participate in conduction of nociceptive information from the periphery to central nervous system. We consider the role of ATP as a peripheral activator of nociceptive sensory neuron via ATP-gated ion channels.

• 생약학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2016

Caragana sinica (Leguminosae) is a plant, which has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of lots of diseases including neuralgia, goat, hypertension and eczema. However, scientific studies of C. sinica in pharmacological aspects are not carried out. In this study, the anti-nociceptice effect of methanolic extract of C. sinica (MCS) was evaluated using various pain models. Our data represented that MCS significantly delayed the latency time under central pain condition which are arose from thermal stimuli, indicating MCS possess analgesic potential against central nociception. In addition, MCS showed strong and dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activities on acetic acid-induced peripheral pain, compared to positive control such as indomethacin. Further combination studies using naloxone, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, have revealed that analgesic activity of MCS was not changed in the presence of naloxone, indicating MCS exerts anti-nociceptive activity independent of opioid receptor. These results suggest that MCS may be an effective medicine in managing pain.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2012

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the brain and a structural component of neuronal membranes. Changes in DHA content of neuronal membranes lead to functional changes in the activity of receptors and other proteins which might be associated with synaptic function. Accumulating evidence suggests the beneficial effects of dietary DHA supplementation on neurotransmission. This article reviews the beneficial effects of DHA on the brain; uptake, incorporation and release of DHA at synapses, effects of DHA on synapses, effects of DHA on neurotransmitters, DHA metabolites, and changes in DHA with age. Further studies to better understand the metabolome of DHA could result in more effective use of this molecule for treatment of neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric diseases.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2013

Motilitone$^{(R)}$ (DA-9701) is a new herbal drug that was launched for the treatment of functional dyspepsia in December 2011 in Korea. The heterogeneous symptom pattern and multiple causes of functional dyspepsia have resulted in multiple drug target strategies for its treatment. DA-9701, a compound consisting of a combination of Corydalis Tuber and Pharbitidis Semen, has being developed for treatment of functional dyspepsia. It has multiple mechanisms of action such as fundus relaxation, visceral analgesia, and prokinetic effects. Furthermore, it was found to significantly enhance meal-induced gastric accommodation and increase gastric compliance in dogs. DA-9701 also showed an analgesic effect in rats with colorectal distension induced visceral hypersensitivity and an antinociceptive effect in beagle dogs with gastric distension-induced nociception. The pharmacological effects of DA-9701 also include conventional effects, such as enhanced gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit. The safety profile of DA-9701 is also preferable to that of other treatments.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.391-395
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• 2000

To establish the usefulness of oxytocin (OT) as an analgesic for women in delivery, the pharmacokinetic parameters and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of [$^3H$] OT were obtained using an intravenous injection technique or the internal carotid artery perfusion/capillary depletion (ICAP/CDM) method. Brain uptake of OT was similar to that of sucrose, plasma space marker, indicating that OT has a poor BBB permeability. Moreover, the analgesic effects of OT injected through the jugular vein on nociception were evaluated by the tail-flick method. The antinociceptive effects of OT injected at a dose of 0.2 ${m}g/kg$or 2 ${m}g/kg$ were dose-dependent. In addition, the analgesic effects of OT on the CNS were unaffected by naloxone, a m-receptor antagonist. In a similar manner to the opioid system, OT may play a modulatory role in antinociception.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.283-288
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• 1993

Fourteen flavonoids were evaluated for their effects as potential bradykinin (BK) antagonists. The compounds were evaluatd in several in vitro and in vivo (oral administration) systems ; inhibition of BK induced contractions in isolated rat ileum and uterus, antagonistic effects of BK induced plasma extravasation, reduction of acetic acid induced withing nociception and protection from endotoxic shock. Skullcapflavone II (3), baicalein (5), 5-methoxyflavone (11), 6-methoxyflavone (12) and 2'-methoxyflavone (14) showed effects in all the tests although the order of potency were somewhat varied.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.470-474
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• 2009

Achyrantes japonica (AJ) has been used to treat edema and arthritis in the traditional Korean medicine. To elucidate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of ethanol extract of AJ, the carrageenan-induced paw edema using a plethysmometer and thermal hypersensitivity using the plantar test were measured. Ibuprofen was used as a control drug. Treatment with AJ (200mg/kg p.o.) significantly reduced paw edema, compared to the carrageenan - treated rats. In the plantar test, the thermal withdrawal latency in AJ - treated group was significantly increased than the carrageenan - treated group. The results indicate that AJ could have be the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

Despite the wealth of data concerning the roles of ${\alpha}-CGRP$ in nociceptive behaviors, ${\alpha}-CGRP-null$ mice showed no obvious phenotypic differences in nociceptive behaviors from wild type. The present studies specifically demonstrate that ${\alpha}-CGRP$ null mice showed no CGRP immunoreactivity from the spinal cord, implying that CGRPs in the mice spinal cord are mainly a-isoforms. However, the nociceptive behaviors of the null mice are not significantly different from the wild type mice in thermal nociceptive behaviors on hotplate, chemical nociception tests to intraplantar capsaicin or formalin injection, and visceral pain behaviors to intraperitoneal acetic acid or magnesium sulfate injections. These data suggest that ${\alpha}-CGRP$ is dispensable for nociceptive behaviors or that compensatory mechanisms may exist to overcome the absence of this peptide.