• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2015

Working the night-shift and long working hours may be linked to insomnia. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between night-shift work and long working-hours with regard to subjective insomnia in Korean workers. This study was based on the Third Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS) conducted on workers in 2011. The total number of individuals included in the analysis was 34,708 workers. Adjusted odd ratios showed statistically effective associations to insomnia. For night-shift work, the results were 2.71 (1.53 - 4.82) for night shift work by experts and managers, 2.95 (2.11 - 4.11) for night-shift work by officers, and 3.90 (2.05 - 7.42) for night-shift work by engineers compared with day duty. For long working hours, the scores were 2.43 (1.68-3.51) for >52 working hours by officers, 1.72 (1.15 - 2.58) for those in sales and service compared to ${\leq}40$ working hours. We suggest the need for Korean workers to target specific groups when creating policies related to reasonable environmental conditions.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2018

Background: Night shift work is associated with many problems such as sleep deprivation, sleepiness, decreased cognitive performance, increased human errors, and fatigue. This study set out to measure cognitive performance, melatonin rhythms, and sleep after different consecutive night shifts (7 vs. 4) among control room operators (CORs). Methods: The participants included 60 CORs with a mean age of 30.2 years (standard deviation, 2.0) from a petrochemical complex located in Southern Iran. Cognitive performance was assessed using the n-back task and continuous performance test. To evaluate melatonin, saliva was collected and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To assess sleep and sleepiness, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale were used, respectively. Results: Individuals who worked 7 consecutive night shifts had a significantly better cognitive performance and sleep quality than those who worked 4 consecutive night shifts. However, salivary melatonin profile and sleepiness trend were not affected by shift type. Conclusion: The main duty of CORs working night shifts at the studied industry included managing safety-critical processes through complex displays; a responsibility that demands good cognitive performance and alertness. It is suggested that an appropriate number of consecutive night shifts in a rotating shift system should be planned with the ultimate aim of improving CROs performance/alertness and enhancing safety.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2000

To determine the optimal rotational shift system, the effect of the direction of the rotational work shifting on the nocturnal rhythm of plasma melatonin were investigated in nursing students. Two groups of nine volunteers participated as experimental subjects, and two nursing students participated as a control group. The directions of the rotational work shift were as follows: CW(clockwise)-shift were rotated in the direction of day shift(3 days), evening shift(3 days), off duty(1 day) and night shift(5 days), and CCW(conuterclockwise)-shift were done in the reverse direction. Plasma melatonin concentrations was measured by radioimmunoassay. The results were as follows : The plasma melatonin levels were kept low at night and in the following morning in the CW night shift workers, whereas the level started to increase at 05 : 00 hr in two workers of four CCW shift workers. These result suggests that the shift rotation in the CW direction is more acceptable in terms of the adaptation of hormonal rhythms. These results indicate that the CCW rotation of shift work is somewhat better than CCW rotation for the adaptation to shift work on hormonal aspects in nurses.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2022

중국 직장에서는 소위 '신형 야간근무'라 불리는 WeChat이나 QQ와 같은 SNS를 사용한 업무전달이 보편화되는 있다. 본 연구는 업무시간 외 SNS를 통한 업무전달이 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 실증분석하는 것이다. 중국 직장인 310명을 대상으로 설문조사 하여 가설들을 검증하기 위해 구조방정식모형분석을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 근무시간 외에 SNS를 통해 빈번하게 업무전달 연락을 받게 되면 직무스트레스가 커지고, 일-가정 간 갈등을 심화시켜 업무에 대한 열정을 감소시켜 그 결과 직무성과 마저 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 업무시간 외 SNS 활용이 직무성과에 긍정적인 효과를 가져온다는 기존연구결과와는 다른 견해를 제공해 관련 이론정립에 시사점을 제공한다. 또한 향후 연구에서는 이러한 상반된 견해를 융합하는데 조절효과의 영향에 대한 분석이 필요할 것이다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제49호
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• pp.39-63
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• 2016

2009년 9월 24일 헌법재판소는 야간집회에 대해 '헌법불합치' 결정 후, 2014년 3월 27일 "야간 시위에 대해서도 자정까지는 허용해야한다"며 '한정위헌' 결정을 했다. 이후, 집시법에 대한 개정은 이루어지지 않고 2016년 10월에 이르고 있다. '입법불비' 논란 속에서, 2016년 유령집회에 대해 과태료 부과 및 집회 개최 사실통지 의무, 경찰관서장의 집회 개최장소 및 시간대 분할 개최 권유 등 일부 항목이 개정 또는 신설되면서 국민의 기본권 편익을 도모하였다. 그러나, 이번 개정 집시법에는 철회신고서를 중복 집회에 한정하고 있고, 경찰관서장에게 장소 시간의 분할에 대한 권유만 할 수 있을 뿐 일정한 권한이 없어 형식적인 절차로 끝날 것으로 예상된다. 또, 집회개최 1시간 전 통지 의무에 대해서는 처벌조항이 없어 이를 강제할 수 없는 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 2016년 개정된 집시법을 중심으로 분석 후 보완 수정되어야 할 부분에 대해 정책적 제언을 하였다. 집시법은 2009년 이후 '입법불비' 상태로 있는 야간집회 시위를 포함하여 앞으로도 계속 수정 보완 되어야 하는 문제점을 안고 있다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2016

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are too compact to be resolved by any existing optical telescope facility, making it difficult to understand their structure and the emission processes responsible for their huge energy output. However, variability, one of their characteristic properties, provides a tool to probe the inner regions of AGN. Blazars are the best candidates for such a study, and hence a considerable amount of effort is being made to investigate variability in these sources across the electromagnetic spectrum. Here, using the Mt. Abu infrared observatory (MIRO) blazar monitoring program, we present intra-night, inter-night, and long term aspects of the variability in S5 0716+71, 3C66A, and OJ 287. These stars show significant variability on short (a few tens of mins, to a few hours, to a few days) to long term (months to years) timescales. Based on the light travel time argument, the shortest variability timescales (micro-variability) provide upper limits to the size of the emission region. While S5 0716 shows a very high duty cycle of variability (> 80 %), 3C66A shows a much lower intra day variability (IDV) duty cycle (< 20 %). All three show rapid variations within 2.5 to 3.5 hr, which, perhaps, are generated near the vicinity of black holes. Assuming this, estimates of the masses of the black holes are made at ~10⁹, 8×10⁸, and 2.7×10⁹ M_⨀ for S5 0716+71, 3C66A, and OJ 287, respectively. Multi-wavelength light-curves for the blazar PKS 1510-089 are discussed to infer the emission processes responsible for the recent flaring episodes in this source.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.119-133
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• 1997

Continuing shift service of clinical nurses can be not only the cause of occupational dissatisfaction by being connected with the change of circadian rhythm and the burden of duties to be applicable to such changes. But also of inviting the lowering of nursing quality by being affected to the resignation of the nurses as the threat to the health of the nurses. This study has selected 500 nurses at random under non-probability sampling who have been serving by shift in 7 general hospitals which have over 400 sickbeds for the purpose of cross-sectional survey design from Sep. 7 through 20, 1996. Standardized modification of the CMI has been used which was designed for Koreans with Cornell Medical Index developed by Broadman and his fellow workers as the study device. The structure of the device was composed of 35 questions on physical appeal(Chronbach's ${\alpha}=8507$) and 22 questions of mental appeal(Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.8166$ totalling 57 questions. The collected data has been computerrized by using SPSS. General character, present symptom, perceived symptom and others are sought by practical number and percentage, and the health condition comparison followed by general characters was conducted by t-test and ANOVA. The post test was by Duncan's test by the level of p<.05. 1) The items of the answer that they have the physical symptom presently by 50% or over of the nurses were as "Do you often have spells of severe dizziness", "Are your eyes often red or inflamed", "Does press or pain in the head often make like miserable", "Are your ankles often badly swollen", "Do pains in the back make it hard for you to keep up with your work". 2) The items of the answer by over 50% of the nurses as the mental symptom at present were "do you fell bad when criticized?", "Do you get angry when everything is against your will?", "do you get angry when ordered to do this and that?", "do you feel uneasy by such a trifle thing?", "do you tremble or are you freightened by sudden sound?". The mental and physical symptoms which have appeared presently in connection with the shift service have been agreed with each other. But the physical condition has been worse than the mental one. 3) In the physical health conditions followed by demosociological character, there were the significant differences by sex, religion and place of residence(p<.05), and in the mental health conditions, there were the significant differences by age, marital status, residence place and the required time for attending hospital(p<.05). 4) There was significant difference by the degree of satisfaction about the duty in both the physical and mental health conditions. In short, the higher the degree of duty satisfaction, the better the health conditions. 5) There were the significant difference according to the times of night duty and whether they take the drug or not or the kinds of the drugs in the physical health conditions related with the characters of night shift. Mental health conditions in the night shift case showed significant differences according to their taking drug or not or the kinds of the drugs(p<.05). I can confirm that the nurses have been affected continuously by the shift service mentally and physically. The maintenance of the physical and mental health of the nurses and its promotion are very important problem to guarantee the quality nursing in the performance of the nursing service continuously and effectively, so the hospital should make every effort to improve the duty conditions by finding out the causes affecting to their health. In the nursing management viewpoint, I think that elevating the satisfaction degree about the duty would be a great help to the promotion of physical and mental health conditions. But what is most important is that the nurses themselves should take care of themselves in maintaining the good conditions in their service in the hospital.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.54-67
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between nursing work environment and nursing outcome of clinical nurses. Also, the purpose of this study was to identify the nurses' workload. Method: The participants in this study were 246 nurses working at one hospital in a province. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from October 2011 to November 2011. Open questions were subject to content analysis; closed questions were subject to descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS 18.0 program were used. Result: The number of patients per nurse in day-duty and overtime work had a positive correlation. Nursing performance and the overtime work in night duty nurses had a negative correlation. The results of this study, with a much higher number of patients per nurse, showed an increase in overtime hours. In the nursing delivery system experience of nurses, 13 themes were identified and they were divided into five categories. Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve nursing performance and increase job satisfaction, efforts must be made to reduce overtime, and nursing personnel placement to secure a substantial nursing staff.

• 공연문화연구
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• 제36호
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• pp.45-73
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• 2018

이 논문에서는 <심청전을 짓다: 심청이 제삿날 밤에>를 대상으로, 심청이야기의 재구 방식과 특징을 살펴 심청의 목소리가 어떻게 재현되고 의미화 되는지를 고찰하였다. 그리고 이를 바탕으로 이 텍스트가 <심청전>의 서사를 재매개 및 재창작하는 방식을 탐구해 봄으로써 고전 문학을 바탕으로 한 콘텐츠의 가능성과 방향을 탐색해 보았다. 이 작품은 심청의 이야기를 다루되 심청과 심봉사가 아닌 남경상인이나 귀덕어미 등 주변인들의 시선을 통해 심청의 희생과 죽음을 둘러싼 문제적인 국면들을 포착하고 있다. 그 과정에서 그간 간과되었던 희생자이자 사회적 타자로서 심청의 목소리가 발견되고, 이를 가부장제 사회 속에서 여성의 삶을 규율했던 효열 담론과 연결 지으며 조선 시대 여성의 삶에 대한 사회적 공론의 장을 마련한다. <심청전을 짓다>는 이와 같은 방식을 통해 <심청전>에 대한 새로운 해석의 가능성을 제시하는 한편, 현대의 독자와 관객들이 원전에 대한 깊은 이해를 바탕으로 사회적 하위주체의 '희생'을 재고해 볼 수 있는 기회를 제공한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect between job stress in jobholders and xerostomia. Methods : 250 jobholders living in Jecheon city were the subjects of this questionnaire. The questionnaire was made up of three contents and 37 items: general characteristic(13), job stress(14), degree & behavior of xerostomia(10). The data were analyzed by two-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA to examine the subjects general characteristics, job stress and degree of xerostomia and were analyzed by Chi-square test to examine the subjects general characteristics, job stress and behavior of xerostomia. Results : Only 215 jobholders were evaluated due to inadequate responses. The results were as follow. 1. As general characteristic of jobholder, male(83.7%) were more than women(16.3%), 30~39 year-old(47%) in age variable, university graduation(63.7%) in the last educational background variable, 2~3 million won(31.2%) in the month average income variable, 1~5 year(33.5%) in tour of duty variable, non-smoker(47.9%) in smoking variable were most. Married(58.6%) were more than unmarried(39.5%). Alcoholic(69.8%) were more than non-alcoholic(30.2%). 2. As classification of job stress, high strain group was 28.4%, active group was 26%, low strain group was 24.2%, passive group was 21.4%. 3. Analysis of effect between general characteristic and degree & behavior of xerostomia showed smoker were statistical significantly higher than non-smoker on 'dry eat', 'Am-sal', 'Night awake', 'Slip-liq'and 'Gumcandy'(p<0.05) and showed alcoholic were statistical significantly higher than non-alcoholic on 'Dry PM', 'Night awake, $H_2O$-bed'(p<0.05). 4. Analysis of effect between job stress and degree & behavior of xerostomia showed hight strain group were statistical significantly higher than low strain group on 'Dry PM', 'Dry-day', 'Am-sal', 'Eff-life'and 'Night awake'(p<0.05). Conclusions : As high strain group were higher than other groups on degree & behavior of xerostomia, stress would be factor that have an effect on xerostomia. Thus consider and management of stress is necessary for diagnosis and treatment of xerostomia.