• 청정기술
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 1999

The activities of Ni(20wt%)/$La_2O_3$, Ni(20wt%)/${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$, and Ni(20wt%)/$SiO_2$ catalyst for $CO_2$ reforming of $CH_4$ were investigated in a fixed bed flow reactor under atmospheric condition. Catalyst characterization using XRD, TEM, SEM, BET analysis were also conducted. The catalytic activity of Ni(20wt%)/$La_2O_3$ catalyst has relatively superior to that of Ni(20wt%)/${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ and Ni(20wt%)/$SiO_2$ catalyst. The good activity of Ni(20wt%)/$La_2O_3$ catalyst seems to depend on reduced $Ni^{\circ}$ phases of NiO($\rightarrow$ Ni + O), $LaNiO_3$($\rightarrow$ $Ni+La_2O_3$), Ni crystalline phases, and decoration of Ni phases by lanthanum species is also an important factor. Ni(20wt%)/${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ and Ni(20wt%)/$SiO_2$ catalyst due to surface acidity resulted in the deposition of wisker type and encapsulate carbon on the surface of catalyst, but Ni(20wt%)/$La_2O_3$ catalyst did not show carbon on the surface of catalyst up to 8.5hr reaction.

• 공업화학
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.757-761
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• 2019

고정층 상압 유통식 반응기를 사용하여 M(1)-Ni(5)/AlCeO₃ (M = La, Ce, Y) 촉매상에서 메탄의 부분 산화 반응을 수행하여 수소의 수율을 조사하였다. XRD 분석으로 반응 전과 반응 후의 환원된 La(1)-Ni(5)/AlCeO₃ 촉매의 결정상 특성피크를 조사하였고 FESEM과 EDS 분석으로 La, Ni, Ce 금속 입자가 촉매 표면상에 균일하게 분포하고 있음을 조사하였다. XPS 분석으로 촉매 표면상에 O^2-, O₂^2-의 산소와 Ce³⁺, Ce⁴+, La³⁺, Ni²⁺ 등의 이온이 존재함을 알 수 있었고, Ni(5)/AlCeO₃ 촉매에 1 wt%의 La를 첨가하면 Ni2p_3/2과 Ce3d_5/2의 원자가 각각 52.7과 6.3%로 증가하였다. La(1)-Ni(5)/AlCeO₃ 촉매상에서 수소의 수율은 89.1%이었으며, M(1)-Ni(5)/AlCeO₃ (M = Ce, Y)보다 매우 우수하였다. AlCeO₃이 산소와 반응하여 만들어진 CeO₂의 Ce⁴⁺ 이온이 La³⁺로 치환됨으로서 격자에 산소 빈자리를 만들고 strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) 효과로 Ni 원자의 분산을 증가시켜 수소 수율를 향상시켰다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.821-829
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• 2006

A series of catalysts, $NiO/La_2O_3-ZrO_2/WO_3$, for acid catalysis was prepared by the precipitation and impregnation methods. For the $NiO/La_2O_3-ZrO_2/WO_3$ samples, no diffraction lines of nickel oxide were observed, indicating good dispersion of nickel oxide on the catalyst surface. The catalyst was amorphous to X-ray diffraction up to 300 ${^{\circ}C}$ of calcination temperature, but the tetragonal phase of $ZrO_2$ and monoclinic phase of $WO_3$ by the calcination temperatures from 400 ${^{\circ}C}$ to 700 ${^{\circ}C}$ were observed. The role of $La_2O_3$ in the catalyst was to form a thermally stable solid solution with zirconia and consequently to give high surface area and acidity. The high acid strength and high acidity were responsible for the W=O bond nature of complex formed by the modification of $ZrO_2$ with $WO_3$. For 2-propanol dehydration the catalyst calcined at 400 ${^{\circ}C}$ exhibited the highest catalytic activity, while for cumene dealkylation the catalyst calcined at 600 ${^{\circ}C}$ showed the highest catalytic activity. 25-$NiO/5-La_2O_3-ZrO_2/15-WO_3$ exhibited maximum catalytic activities for two reactions due to the effects of $WO_3$ modifying and $La_2O_3$ doping.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.511-512
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• 2008

For the $CO_2$ reforming of $CH_4$, Ni catalyst was supported on La-hexaaluminate or on $\gamma$-$Al_2O_3$. The catalytic activities of Ni/La-hexaaluminate catalysts were measured at $700^{\circ}C$ using gas chromatography (GC) for 72 h, and the reaction was maintained up to 72 hfor the investigation of catalyst deactivation. The surface of each catalyst after 72 h reaction was investigated using SEM and TEM, and the composition of the carbon deposits was investigated by using EA, TPO and TGA. Ni/La-hexaaluminate shows higher resistance to coke deposition than conventional Ni/$Al_2O_3$ which seems to be due to strong interaction between Ni and the support material. As a result of the reforming reaction, various types of carbon deposits were created on catalyst surface and the amounts of them were much smaller in the case of La-hexaaluminate than on $Al_2O_3$.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2011

La을 기반으로 하는 다양한 페롭스카이트 촉매를 페치니(Pechini)법에 따라 제조하고, 이 촉매를 음식물 처리 과정에서 발생하는 악취 성분의 저온 산화 반응에 적용하여 효과적인 탈취가 이루어지도록 하였다. 배출 가스의 정량 및 정성 분석을 통하여 음식물 처리 시간에 따른 주요 악취 성분의 양을 조사하였다. 그리고 주요 악취 성분들로 구성된 표준 악취 시료는 산화 반응기의 반응물로 도입하였다. 먼저, 다양한 전이 금속 M이 치환된 La 기반 페롭스카이트 촉매($LaMO_{3}$: M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co 및 Ni)를 제조하고 전이 금속 M의 영향을 알아보기 위해 악취 성분의 산화 반응에 적용한 결과, 테스트한 촉매 중에서 $LaNiO_3$ 촉매가 가장 우수한 촉매 활성을 보였다. 또한 촉매 활성을 증진시키기 위하여 Pt가 치환된 페롭스카이트 촉매($LaNi_{1-x}Pt_{x}O_{3}$: x=0, 0.03, 0.1 및 0.3)를 제조하였고, 이로부터 $LaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}$ 촉매가 가장 효율적인 촉매인 것을 알 수 있었다. 끝으로 저온 산화 반응에서의 페롭스카이트 촉매의 활성을 극대화하기 위하여 담지된 페롭스카이트 촉매($XLaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}/Al_{2}O_{3}$: X=페롭스카이트 함량(wt%), 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 및 100)를 적용하였다. $XLaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}/Al_{2}O_{3}$ 촉매의 활성은 페롭스카이트 함량에 따라 화산형(Volcano-shaped) 곡선을 나타내었으며, 이 때 $20LaNi_{0.9}Pt_{0.1}O_{3}/Al_{2}O_{3}$ 촉매가 $180^{\circ}C$의 반응 온도에서 88.7%의 가장 높은 전환율을 보였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2018

$Ni-La_2O_3-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalysts with various $La_2O_3$ loading were investigated for hydrogen production from steam reforming of methane (SRM). The $La_2O_3$ loading influenced the physicochemical properties of $Ni-La_2O_3-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalysts such as BET surface area, Ni dispersion, Ni size and reducibility. Among the prepared catalysts, $Ni-70La_2O_3-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalyst showed the highest activity and stability at a very high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of $932,556h^{-1}$. This is mainly due to high Ni dispersion, small Ni size and high reducibility.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.57-72
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• 1990

The oxidation of carbon monoxide on a catalyst, $LaSrNiCoO_3$ was investigatigated with a plug flow system. Kinetic quantities such as reaction-rate, reaction order and Arhenius-parameters at various reactor temperature from 200$^\circ$C to 300$^\circ$C were determined. Also, the optimum condition for the oxidation of carbon monoxide with this catalyst was determined and are as follows. Partial pressure of oxigen ; 428mmHg Partial pressure of carbon monoxide ; 332mmHg Mixed moral ratio of oxigen and Carbon monoxide ; 1.3 : 1 Total gas flow ; 224ml/min Reaction temperature ; 340$^\circ$C The reaction kinetic equation at the optimum condition, temperature range from 200$^\circ$C to 340$^\circ$C, are as follow. $$ $v = Ae^{6.5Kcal/RT} [CO]^{0.93 \sim 0.98} [O_2]^{0.42 \sim 0.50}$ $$ In addition to this, numerical calculation were performed to evaluate the mass and heat transfer effect on this system.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

NiO and Co3O4-doped porous La(CoNi)O3 perovskite oxides were prepared from excess Ni addition by a hydrothermal method using porous silica template, and characterized as bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for Zn-air rechargeable batteries in alkaline solution. Excess Ni induced to form NiO and Co3O4 in La(CoNi)O3 particles. The NiO and Co3O4-doped porous La(CoNi)O3 showed high specific surface area, up to nine times of conventionally synthesized perovskite oxide, and abundant pore volume with similar structure. Extra added Ni was partially substituted for Co as B site of ABO3 perovskite structure and formed to NiO and Co3O4 which was highly dispersed in particles. Excess Ni in La(CoNi)O3 catalysts increased OER performance (259 mA/㎠ at 2.4 V) in alkaline solution, although the activities (211 mA/㎠ at 0.5 V) for ORR were not changed with the content of excess Ni. La(CoNi)O3 with excess Ni showed very stable cyclability and low capacity fading rate (0.38 & 0.07 ㎶/hour for ORR & OER) until 300 hours (~70 cycles) but more excess content of Ni in La(CoNi)O3 gave negative effect to cyclability.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2014

Performance tests on $Ni/Ce-ZrO_2/Al_2O_3$ catalysts with additives (MgO, $La_2O_3$) were investigated in the combined reforming processes (SCR, ATR, TRM) in order to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide (it is called "syngas".). The catalyst characterization was conducted using the BET surface analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, TPR and TGA. The combined reforming process was developed to adjust the syngas ratio depending on the synthetic fuel (methanol, DME and GTL) manufacturing processes. Ni-based catalysts supported on alumina has been generally recommended as a combined reforming reaction catalyst. It was found that both free NiO and complexed NiO species were responsible for the catalytic activity in the combined reforming of methane conversion, and the $Ce-ZrO_2$ binary support employed had improved the oxygen storage capacity and thermal stability. The additives, MgO and $La_2O_3$, also seemed to play an important role to prevent the formation of the carbon deposition over the catalysts. The experimental results were compared with the equilibrium data using a commercial simulation tool (PRO/II).

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.776-783
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• 2010

수소생산을 위한 메탄의 부분산화용 촉매로 알루미나에 담지된 코발트와 니켈 촉매를 함침법으로 제조하였다. 메탄의 부분산화반응을 위한 이들 촉매의 반응활성은1기압, $CH_4/O_2=2.0$과 $450{\sim}650^{\circ}C$의 온도영역에서 조사하였다. 담지량이 다른 코발트촉매와 니켈촉매의 반응활성을 비교하고 코발트촉매에 니켈을 첨가한 이성분금속 촉매의 반응활성을 조사하였다. 그리고 코발트촉매와 니켈촉매에 첨가된 Ce와 La의 첨가효과를 조사하였다. 이들 촉매의 특성은 XRD와 SEM/EDX로 분석하였다. 코발트와 니켈은 10 wt%의 담지량이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 이들 10 wt% 담지 코발트와 니켈촉매는 열역학적 평형값에 가까운 메탄의 전환율과 CO의 선택성을 나타내었으나 $H_2$의 선택성은 평형값보다 다소 낮게 나타났다. 코발트촉매에 니켈을 첨가한 이성분금속 촉매에서 $H_2$의 선택성은 증가하였으나 전환율을 고려하면 니켈을 첨가한 이점은 나타나지 않았다. 코발트촉매에서는 Ce의 첨가와 니켈촉매에서는La의 첨가로 메탄의 전환율과 수소의 선택성을 높일 수 있었다.