• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1308-1313
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• 2001

Object : The goals of radiosurgery include preservation of neurological function and prevention of tumor growth. We document the results of gamma-knife radio-surgery for vestibular schwannoma. Method & Object : Eighty-two patients underwent stereotactic radiosurgery for an vestibular schwannoma from October, 1994 to December, 2000. Sixty-five of these patients were followed up for radiological and clinical evaluation. As pregamma-knife modality, surgical resection were done in 23 patients,and V-P shunt in 2 patients. Initial symptoms were headache(n=45), dizziness(n=16), tinnitus(n=17). While normal facial function(House-Brackmann grade 1) was present in 48 patients(73.8%), other patients showed grade 2 function in 8, grade 3 function in 7,and grade 4 function in 2. The Gardner/Robertson scale was used to code hearing function. Male to female ratio was 1:3. Mean tumor volume was $7.98cm^3$. Mean dose delivered to the tumor margin was 14.2Gy,and mean maximal dose was 28.3Gy. Results : Mean follow-up duration of 19.9 months. Thirty-five showed decrease(53.8%) in size, 19 patients(29.2%) stationary, 3(4.6%) initial decrease follow up increase, 5(7.6%) initial increase follow up decrease,and 59 patients (90.8%) were well controlled. Two patients experienced transient facial neuropathy, one transient trigeminal neuropathy, and one transient hearing deterioration. After gamma-knife radiosurgery, ventriculoperitoneal shunt was done in 4 patients. Conclusions : Gamma-knife radiosurgery can be used to treat postoperative residual tumors as well as in patients with concomitant medical problems in patients with preserved hearing function. Gamma-knife radiosurgery is safe and effective method to treat small, medium sized(less than 3cm in extracanalicular diameter), intracanalicular vestibular schwannoma, associated with low rate of cranial neuropathy.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2021

Objective : In this study, the upper extremity use, executive function, and occupational performance effects of cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) interventions for patients with stroke were assessed. Methods : The study was designed as a single-group pre-post test with 20 sessions. The participants were five hospitalized patients with stroke who were present in a rehabilitation setting, and their onsets were more than 3 months previously. Outcomes were measured using the Canadian Occupation Performance Measure (COPM), Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS), Executive Function performance Test - Korean version (EFPT-K), and Motor Activity Log (MAL). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was conducted to determine the difference between the pre-and-post of CO-OP interventions. The statistical significance level was p<.05. Results : The upper extremity function showed significant changes and the execution function showed significant changes in preparation, sequencing, judgment and safety, and closing, except for items to be started. The performance of the task also showed significant changes. Conclusion : Through 20 sessions of CO-OP interventions, especially in patients with chronic stroke, the upper extremity function, execution function, and task performance were improved. We found that CO-OP intervention had a positive effect on the improvement of detailed task elements as well as the performance of tasks overall, in patients with stroke.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.23-41
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of simultaneous dual-task training to assess executive function in older adults. Methods : We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, and RISS databases of publicated studies in the past decade. Seven studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Qualitative assessment and meta-analysis were performed for the seven studies. Results : A randomized controlled trial design was used in the selected studies, and PEDro Scores above seven were obtained. The Trial Making Test (TMT) evaluated the effects of dual-task training on executive function in four studies. The Color Trail Test (CTT) was used in two studies, and Stroop test was used in three studies. The effect size for total executive function was 0.38, which was small. The effect sizes for TMT and CTT were 0.37. Stroop Test was 0.34, demonstrating that their effect sizes were also small. Only significant effects in total executive function, TMT, and CTT showed significant effects (all p<0.05). Conclusion : This study confirmed that dual-task training was effective in improving executive function in older adults. To improve the effectiveness of dual-task training, the difficulty of the dual-task training should be considered. It is also necessary to implement assessments that can evaluate performance under dual-task conditions as well as conventional test tools for executive function. In the future, dual-task training could be used as an appropriate intervention for executive function in older adults to delay the onset of dementia.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-96
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify research that included the rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) technique and to compare this body of research within the field of music therapy with that in physical therapy. Forty-five studies were identified that were published from January 1999 through November 2018, and these were analyzed in terms of intervention procedure, type of rhythmic cueing, and therapeutic basis described by the researcher. While research in both fields used rhythmic cueing as the primary therapeutic agent, differences were found in the area targeted by training and specific type of rhythmic cueing used. Research conducted in the field of music therapy focused primarily on gait function, while research in the field of physical therapy tended to address gait-related physical issues, such as balance, muscle strength, and proprioceptive sensation as well as gait. While all of the identified studies from the field of music therapy used music for cueing, a metronome was used more often for cueing in physical therapy research. In terms of description of theoretical basis, theory of entrainment was more sufficiently described in music therapy research. These results indicate that while music therapy research maximized the role of various elements of music in intervening in gait function, physical therapy research addressed gait in relation to other physical functions. Considering that both aspects are essential for gait training, this study supports the need for a multidisciplinary approach to neurological rehabilitation with RAS.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.428-437
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine if there is a significant correlation between the changes of Fire- and Heat- related symptoms and motor function recovery in acute cerebral infarction patients. Methods : We studied inpatients within a month after the onset of cerebral infarction who were admitted at Kyunghee University Medical Center from May 2011 to January 2013. We executed correlation analysis between Fire-heat pattern score and motricity index score at visit 1 and visit 2, and checked if there was a significant correlation between the changes of Fire-heat pattern score and changes of motricity index score. Also, we compared the changes of both scores in patients taking Fire-heat and non Fire-heat pattern prescriptions. Results : There was a significant correlation between the Fire-heat pattern score and Motricity index score at visit 1 and visit 2, and changes of Fire-heat pattern score showed significant correlation with changes of motricity index score. Patients taking Fire-heat pattern prescriptions showed significant change in Fire-heat pattern score after herb-medication treatment while patients taking non-Fire-heat prescriptions showed insignificant change in Fire-heat pattern score. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that taking a Fire-heat pattern prescription could be considered as a first line herb-medication treatment in acute cerebral infarction patients.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2005

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of the combination of electroacupuncture (EA) and surgical decompression on paraplegia due to spinal compression in dogs. Ten clinically healthy dogs were assigned into two groups (group A and group B). The one is for the combination of EA and surgical decompression, and the other is for surgical decompression alone. After decompression, neurological function was evaluated daily with modified Tarlov grading system. SEPs were measured as objective evaluation of normal spinal cord function before spinal compression and after neurological recovery. The period of rehabilitation in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B (p<0.05). Conduction velocity of SEPs showed a tendency to return to normal when the dogs got full recovery. According to these results, it was considered that the EA with surgical decompression was more effective than surgical decompression alone for paraplegia resulting from spinal cord injury in dog.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-22
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• 2016

Objective : This study was conducted to review about instrument for bilateral upper extremity assessment. Methods : We searched published papers in Medline database. The keywords used in the search were 'upper extremity' and 'motor activity', 'activities of daily living' and 'assessment', 'instrument', 'disability evaluations'. In total of 68 papers, 44 assessment instruments was extracted. We analyzed about numbers, subjects, methods, reliability, validity, responsiveness of assessment instruments about bilateral upper limb function comparing unilateral, combined bilateral and unilateral instruments. Results : The numbers of bilateral measurement tool were 2 in a total of upper extremity measurement tools. Also, subjects were patients with stroke and measurement was based on performance. The reliability, validity and responsiveness of tools were high. Conclusions : Futher study will be needed to development and research about instrument of bilateral upper extremity.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2013

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analysis of disparity between bilateral hand movement when performing activity of daily living using accelerometer. Methods : The subjects of this study included 6 healthy adults. The assessment tool used Jebsen Hand Function Test and accelerometer. The subjects performed 7 sub-tests after wearing accelerometer around wrist. Results : Among sub-tests, writing was the only significantly correlated with difference between dominant and non-dominant hand(t=-2.394, p<.05). Further, non-dominant hand (M=2476.2, SD=802.2) showed more movement than dominant hand(M=1456.2, SD=667.6). Conclusion : This results indicated that accelerometer is useful tool for assessment of bilateral hand movement. Considering demographic characteristics, various subject group, further study is needed.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.5-20
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• 2013

Constraint Induced Movement Therapy(CIMT) is intense in that patient's unaffected arm is restrained for 90% of waking hours during a two-week period while they also participate in activity sessions using the affected arm for 6 hours/day. However CIMT showed that an issue for applying it to clinics of patients with stroke, and then modified constraint induced movement therapy(mCIMT) was designed to minimize the issue. Application on mCIMT for the patients has been studied in various ways. As a result, it has proved the effect on functional improvement of patients with stroke through methods such as MAL, FMA, WMFT, ARAT, FIM, SIS and so forth. It's considered that modified constraint induced movement therapy can be useful applied on clinical experiments of occupational therapy, as it is a way of treatment of upper extremity function, activities of daily living and an improvement of the quality of life for stroke patients.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2017

Background: The presence of visuospatial impairment can make patients slow functional recovery and impede the rehabilitation process in TBI patients. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate effects of prism adaptation treatment for functional outcomes in patients following traumatic brain injury. Methods: The subject received prism adaptation treatment for 2 weeks additionally during traditional rehabilitation for 4 weeks. The Patient has prism adaptation treatment while wearing wedge prisms that shift the external environment about $12^{\circ}$ leftward. The patient received 10 sessions, 15-20min each session. Outcome measures were visuospatial deficit(line bisection, latter cancellation), Visual and spatial perception(LOTCA-visual perception and spatial perception), motor function of upper extremity(FMA U/E; Fugl-Meyer motor assessment upper extremity, ARAT; Action research arm test), balance(BBS; Berg Balance Scale), mobility(FAC; Functional ambulation classification) and functional level(FIM; Functional independent measure). All Assessments took place on study entry and post-treatment assessments were performed at discharge from the hospital. Results: After prism adaptation, the visuospatial impairment scores improved as indicated in the line bisection(-15.2 to -6.02), latter cancellation(2 to 0) and LOTCA- spatial perception scores(7 to 9). The upper motor function improved as indicated in the scores of affected FMA U/E(21 to 40) and ARAT(4 to 22). Ambulation and balance improved as indicated in the BBS scores(25 to 38) and FAC scores(0 to 4). ADL function improved as indicated in the FIM total scores 54 to 70(motor 34 to 61, cognition 20 to 29). Conclusion: Prism adaptation did improve functional level such as motor functions and ADL abilities in TBI patient. Further research is recommended.