• CELLMED
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.25.1-25.7
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• 2020

Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is an IgE (immunoglobin-E) mediated inflammatory condition of upper respiratory tract; main clinical features involve runny nose, sneezing, nasal obstruction, itching and watery eyes. AR is a global problem and has large variations in incidences, currently affects up to 20% - 40% of the population worldwide. It may not be a life-threatening disease per se but indisposition from the condition can be severe and has the potential to adversely affect the daily functioning of life. Classical yoga literature indicates that, components of yoga have been used to treat numerous inflammatory conditions including upper respiratory tract. A few yoga intervention studies reported improvement in lung capacity, Nasal air flow and symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This review examined various anti-inflammatory pathways mediated through Yoga that include downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The hypothalaminic-pitutary-adrenal (HPA) axis and vagal efferent stimulation has been reported to mediate anti-inflammatory effect. A significant reduction is also reported in other inflammatory biomarkers like- TNF-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), plasma CRP and Cortisol level. Neti, a yogic nasal cleansing technique, reported beneficial effect on AR by direct physical cleansing of thick mucus, allergens, and inflammatory mediator from nasal mucosa resulting in improved ciliary beat frequency. We do not find any study showing effect of yoga on neurogenic inflammation. In summary, Integrated Yoga Therapy may have beneficial effect in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life for patients with allergic rhinitis. Yoga may reduce inflammation through mediating neuro-endocrino-immunological network. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanism how yoga might modulate immune inflammation cascade and neurogenic inflammation at the cellular level in relevance to allergic rhinitis; the effects of kriyas (yogic cleansing techniques) also need to be evaluated in early and late phase of AR. So the proposed model could guide future research.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.104-109
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• 2008

A simple and efficient way of modeling backgating in GaAs MESFET's is presented through depletion width modulation of Schottky junction and channel-substrate interface. It is shown semi-empirically that such a modulation of depletion widths causes serious troubles in designing precision circuits since backgating drastically reduces threshold voltage of MESFET as well as drain current. Finally, some of the results are compared with reported experimental results. This model may serve as a starting point for rigorous characterization of backgating effect on various device parameters of GaAs MESFET's.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.210-224
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• 2006

A new analytical model for the static I-V characteristics of GaAs MESFET’s under optically controlled conditions in both linear and saturation region is presented in this paper. The novelty of the model lies in characterizing both photovoltaic (external, internal) and photoconductive effects. Deep level traps in the semi insulating GaAs substrate are also included in this model. Finally, effect of backgate voltage on I-V characteristics is explained analytically for the first time in literature. Small signal parameters of GaAs MESFET are derived under both dark and illuminated conditions. Some of the results are compared with reported experimental results to show the validity of the proposed model. Since accurate dc modeling is the key to accurate ac modeling, this model is very useful in the designing of photonic MMIC’s and OEIC’s using GaAs MESFET.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07c
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• pp.1640-1642
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• 2000

We were fabricated of NiCr thin film resitors(TFR) on $Al_{2}O_3$ substrates by dc magnetic sputtering, system. The characteristics of electrical resistance by substrates & annealing condition on the resistors were studied by X-ray Diff. and SEM, ESCA.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.331-344
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• 2023

The performance of the existing tunnel scanning system was analyzed through the post-evaluation of NETIS (New Technology Information System) and Inspection Support Technology Performance Catalog. Suggestions for improvement and development direction of the tunnel scanning system were deduced. As new technology of Japan gave priority to providing user-centered information, it was possible to objectively compare and analyze the characteristics of various tunnel scan systems through post-evaluation of NETIS and standard test methods in the Inspection Support Technology Performance Catalog. Construction New Technology of Korea was centered on suppliers of technology certification, making it impossible to objectively compare the performance of tunnel scanning systems. The performance was compared and evaluated indirectly by comparing the specifications of the camera, which is a core device of Japan's tunnel scanning system. For the future development of tunnel scanning systems, high-resolution and fast exposure performance of cameras and corresponding high-intensity lighting devices are required. For this purpose, it is necessary to make an experimental environment in which the performance of the camera and lighting can be analyzed indoors.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.451-457
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• 2012

The purposes of the study were to analyze nutritional status, psychosocial stimulation, and factors affecting the cognitive development of preschool-age children. This study was conducted in the Village of Babakan, Sub-District of Dramaga, Bogor Regency, West Java. This cross-sectionally designed study was conducted with mothers who had preschool children aged 3-5 years as respondents. Fifty-eight children were included. The distribution of mother's educational level was quite diverse, and the largest percentage (44.8%) had senior high school education. Approximately 78% of the family income per capita was classified into the non-poor category and 22.4% into the poor category. The average mother's nutritional knowledge score was $76.7{\pm}2.5$ (moderate category). Most of the preschool children (84.4%) had psychosocial stimulation scores in the moderate category (30-45). The nutritional status of children showed that 15.5% were underweight, 5.2% were wasted, 3.4% were severely wasted, and 19% of the children were in the short and very short categories (stunted). The stepwise regression results showed that psychosocial stimulation (P < 0.001), participation in early childhood education (P = 0.002) and nutritional status based on the height index for age (P = 0.028) had a positive and significant effect on cognitive development of the preschool children (adjusted $R^2$, 0.434; P = 0.028).