• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.77-95
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• 2012

For a bounded linear operator T we prove the following assertions: (a) If T is algebraically (p, k)-quasihyponormal, then T is a-isoloid, polaroid, reguloid and a-polaroid. (b) If $T^*$ is algebraically (p, k)-quasihyponormal, then a-Weyl's theorem holds for f(T) for every $f{\in}Hol({\sigma}T))$, where $Hol({\sigma}(T))$ is the space of all functions that analytic in an open neighborhoods of ${\sigma}(T)$ of T. (c) If $T^*$ is algebraically (p, k)-quasihyponormal, then generalized a-Weyl's theorem holds for f(T) for every $f{\in}Hol({\sigma}T))$. (d) If T is a (p, k)-quasihyponormal operator, then the spectral mapping theorem holds for semi-B-essential approximate point spectrum $\sigma_{SBF_+^-}(T)$, and for left Drazin spectrum ${\sigma}_{lD}(T)$ for every $f{\in}Hol({\sigma}T))$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제16권1_2호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2004

In [8], Rosenfeld's digital ($k_0,\;k_1$)-continuity was introduced and another was also established in terms of the preservation of ${k_i}-connectedness,\;i\;{\in}\;\{0,\;1\}$ [2, 3]. In this paper a new version of digital ($k_0,\;k_1$)-continuity for images in $Z^n$ is referred, which is proved to be an extended version of the formers [2, 3, 8]. The current digital ($k_0,\;k_1$)-continuity is derived from the notion of n kinds of digital neighborhoods with some radius without any difficulties on the dimension and adjacency of an image in $Z^n$. The aim of this paper is to compare among Rosenfeld's digital continuity, the current digital continuity and Boxer's digital ($k_0,\;k_1$)-continuity.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2007

Using the idea of degree of openness and degree of nonopenness, Coker and Demirci [5] defined intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces in Sostak's sense as a generalization of smooth topological spaces and intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces. M. N. Mukherjee and S. P. Sinha [10] introduced the concept of fuzzy irresolute maps on Chang's fuzzy topological spaces. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of fuzzy (r,s)-irresolute, fuzzy (r,s)-presemiopen, fuzzy almost (r,s)-open, and fuzzy weakly (r,s)-continuous maps on intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces in Sostak's sense. Using the notions of fuzzy (r,s)-neighborhoods and fuzzy (r,s)-semineighborhoods of a given intuitionistic fuzzy points, characterizations of fuzzy (r,s)-irresolute maps are displayed. The relations among fuzzy (r,s)-irresolute maps, fuzzy (r,s)-continuous maps, fuzzy almost (r,s)-continuous maps, and fuzzy weakly (r,s)-cotinuous maps are discussed.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.159-175
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to identify residential stress and to analyse the factors affect on it, based on the comprehensive theoretical model. For this purpose, 822 housewives were collected from the households in Seoul and Chonju-City. The main results obtained are as follows. 1. A significant proportion of the urban households surveyed are observed to suffer from residential stressors. The components of residential stressors are housing facilities, family living space, social interaction with the neighborhoods, physical condition of house. 2. Among the factors that affect residential stress the most important household environment factors are, the level of family controllability, which is followed by the family adaptation ability, the size of living space, the level of life satisfaction, and the type of housing tenure. The results of this study implies that residential stress is associated with not only residential size but also the level of housing facilities and social interaction. Overall upgrading of residential quality requires efficient allocation of living space and facilities on the basis of resident's needs. For instance, homeowners want more living space and renters want higher level of residential facilities.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2004

The intent of this study is to investigate the current situations and planning implications of elementary schools in urban housing blocks, and to propose the planning and design guidelines for them. The premise of this research is that an elementary school should function as a communal facility, shared by its community, so called open-school. 32 schools in three new towns were selected as sample cases and they were closely surveyed in terms of their site planning issues in residential blocks, and three sample open-elementary schools were analyzed in a comparative manner for finding their roles and functional fulfillment as a communal facility in the neighborhoods. Based on the findings, several planning principles and design techniques or devices are suggested for the utilization of elementary schools by local residents, mainly making issues of location, relationship to other facilities and open spaces in residential blocks, access, apartment layout, school building and outdoor spaces, and open program.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.407-414
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• 1996

In this paper we consider the variable structure control for a class of discrete-time uncertain multivariable systems where the nominal system is linear. Discrete-time switching dynamics are introduced so that a new type of state trajectories called sliding mode may exist on the sliding surface by state feedback. The quantitative analysis for the matched uncertainties will show that every response of the system with the proposed switching dynamics is bounded within small neighborhoods of the state-space origin. Also, by the similarity transformation it will be shown that the eigenvalues of the closed-loop systems are composed of those of the subsystems which govern the range-space dynamics and null-space dynamics. It will be also shown that ideal sliding mode can be obtained in the absence of uncertainties due to one-step attraction to the sliding surface regardless of initial position of states. (author). 12 refs., 2 figs.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.383-404
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• 2009

The notions of P-I-open (closed) mappings, P-I-continuous mappings, P-I-neighborhoods, P-I-irresolute mappings and I-irresolute mappings are introduced. Relations between P-I-open (closed) mappings and I-open (closed) mappings are given. Characterizations of P-I-open (closed) mappings are provided. Relations between a P-I-continuous mapping and an I-continuous mapping are discussed, and characterizations of a P-I-continuous mapping are considered. Conditions for a mapping to be an I-irresolute mapping (resp. P-I-irresolute mapping) are provided.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.203-216
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• 1999

Recent public concern about air pollution caused by swine production facilities has forced to develop the methods to reduce and control the swine odors. Swine odors were affected the life of pig farm neighborhoods, swine productivity, pig health, diseases, and human right, safety, sanity as negatively. The first approaches of control of swine odors are the change or improve of the classical management systems, which are manure treatment method, manure storage facility, phase feeding, sex-divided feeding, feeder type, liquid-slurry feeding, environment control of swine building and dust control of indoor swine facility. The methods to control odor emission from manure have to include the diet modification as nutritional basis. In recent, research emphasis has focused on manipulating the swine diet to increase the nutrient utilization of the diet to reduce excretion products and reduction of odors. There are lots of feed additives and pit additives introduced as practical basis for reducing odor emissions. The ozone treatment method is candidate as the good system for reducing swine odor. But this system is still too expensive to practice in present.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.210-224
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• 2019

Given a positive integer k as input, a spatial preference query finds the k best data objects based on the scores (e.g., qualities) of feature objects in their spatial neighborhoods. Several solutions have been proposed for spatial preference queries in Euclidean space. A few algorithms study spatial preference queries in undirected spatial networks where each edge is undirected and the distance between two points is the length of the shortest path connecting them. However, spatial preference queries have not been thoroughly investigated in directed spatial networks where each edge has a particular orientation that makes the distance between two points noncommutative. Therefore, in this study, we present a new method called ALPS+ for processing spatial preference queries in directed spatial networks. We conduct extensive experiments with different setups to demonstrate the superiority of ALPS+ over conventional solutions.

• Architectural research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2020

Zoning has long been criticized for its negative effects and has been taken for granted that zoning works as a hurdle to urban diversity. Responses in the US have emphasized more fine-grained zoning approaches that plan mixed use. This paper introduces and evaluates Seoul's zoning system as a possible alternative. While US zoning regulations have relied on distinguishing ever larger numbers of land use zoning categories, Seoul has opted to integrate new land uses into existing classifications, allowing for greater flexibility of use in each zone. Using municipal building records to evaluate land use in three mid-density residential districts, this paper demonstrates that Seoul's flexible zoning is capable of producing diverse mixed use neighborhoods. It then highlights the potential downside of this approach, showing that flexibility allows for the commercialization and sectoral gentrification of residential districts. It concludes by suggesting that a combination of flexible zones and more fine-grained plans would capture the advantages of both US and Korean planning.