• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2021

Objective: Temperature could influence protein and amino acid deposition as well as gut microbiota profile and composition. However, the specific effects of ambient temperature on amino acids deposition and gut microbiota composition remain insufficiently understood. Methods: A total of 300 one-day-old Avian broilers were randomly divided into three groups and reared at high, medium, and low temperature (HT, MT, and LT), respectively. Breast muscle and fecal samples were collected for amino acid composition analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Results: Our data showed that compared to the MT group, there was a decrease of muscle leucine and tyrosine (p<0.05), as well as an increase of methionine in the HT group (p<0.05) and a decrease of serine in the LT group. Examination of microbiota shift revealed that at genus level, the relative abundance of Turicibacter and Parabacteroides was increased in the HT group (p<0.05) and that the relative abundances of Pandoraea, Achromobacter, Prevotella, Brevundimonas, and Stenotrophomonas in the LT group were higher than those in the MT group (p<0.05). In addition, there were substantial correlations between microbes and amino acids. In the HT group. Turicibacter was negatively correlated with aspartic acid and tyrosine, whereas Parabacteroides was positively correlated with methionine (p<0.05). In the LT group, there were multiple positive correlations between Achromobacter and arginine, isoleucine or tyrosine; between Prevotella and cysteine or phenylalanine; between Brevundimonas and cysteine; and between Stenotrophomonas and cysteine as well as a negative correlation between Stenotrophomonas and serine. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that amino acid content of breast muscle and intestinal microbiota profile was affected by different ambient temperatures. Under heat exposure, augmented abundance of Parabacteroides was correlated with elevated methionine. Low temperature treatment may affect muscle tyrosine content through the regulation of Achromobacter.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.185-222
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• 2017

본 연구는 복지국가의 재정건전성 담보에 노동시장정책 확충이 기여하는지를 실증적으로 규명하는 연구이다. 구체적인 분석은 20개 OECD 국가들의 1985년부터 2015년까지의 자료를 토대로 결합시계열 회귀분석과 Baron과 Kenny(1986)의 단계적 매개효과 검증을 통해 이루어졌으며, 분석의 강건성 확인을 위해 시스템 동적패널분석을 추가 수행하였다. 분석모형을 설정함에 있어 본 연구에서는 기존 연구에서 간과되어온 두 측면, 노동시장정책 성과들 간의 선후 관계와 노동시장정책의 상호작용 효과를 반영하였다. 분석결과 노동시장정책은 복지국가의 부채 수준에 유의미한 영향을 미친다. 이때, 적극적 노동시장정책은 고용률을 매개하여 국가 부채 수준을 효과적으로 낮추는 것으로 나타난다. 반면에, 소극적 노동시장정책은 고용률 제고 기능을 하지 못하는 것은 물론 단기적으로는 국가 부채 부담을 늘리는 경향도 있다. 다만, 이것의 영향은 적극적 노동시장정책과 결부되면 부적 영향이 상쇄되는 것으로 나타난다. 즉, 단기적으로 노동시장정책 지출 확대로 재정수지가 악화될 수는 있지만, 장기적으로 이는 고용률 제고 효과를 통해 복지국가의 재정건전성을 담보하는 데 효과적인 역할을 수행할 수 있는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.612-624
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• 2022

A novel Gram-positive, motile, non-spore forming aerobic marine bacterium, designated 107-1^T was isolated from tidal mud collected in Gyehwa-do, South Korea. Cells of strain 107-1^T were short rod or coccoid, oxidase negative, catalase positive and grew at 10-40℃ (with optimum growth at 25-30℃). It utilized menaquinones MK-7 and 8 as its respiratory quinones and its major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 (37.9%), iso-C_16:0 (14.9%), and iso-C_14:0 (10.8%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a distinct clade containing strain 107-1^T and close species Planococcus ruber CW1^T(98.52% sequence similarity), P. faecalis KCTC 33580^T(97.67%), P. kocurii ATCC 43650T(97.48%), P. donghaensis DSM 22276T(97.47%), and P. halocryophilus DSM 24743T(97.37%). Strain 107-1^T contains one circular chromosome (3,513,248bp in length) with G+C content of 44.6 mol%. Estimated ranges for genome to genome distance, average nucleotide identity, and average amino acid identity comparing strain 107-1^T with close taxa were 20.3-34.8%, 77.9-86.9%, and 73.6-92.8%, respectively. Based on polyphasic analysis, strain 107-1^T represents a novel species belonging to the genus Planococcus.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.12.01-12.10
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• 2022

Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are the main cause of clinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Argentina, whereas coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and environmental streptococci are the main cause of subclinical mastitis. Bacteria isolated from infected animals show increasing antimicrobial resistance. Objectives: This study aims to determine the antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci and streptococci isolated from milk with mastitis, and to genotypically characterize the methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci. Methods: Isolation was performed on blood agar and identification was based on biochemical reactions. Antimicrobial susceptibility was according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The antimicrobial resistance genes, SCCmec type and spa type were detected by the polymerase chain reaction method. Results: We isolated a total of 185 staphylococci and 28 streptococci from 148 milk samples. Among the staphylococcal isolates, 154 were identified as CNS and 31 as S. aureus. Among the 154 CNS, 24.6% (n = 38) were resistant to penicillin, 14.9% (n = 23) to erythromycin, 17.5% (n = 27) to clindamycin, 6.5% (n = 10) to cefoxitin and oxacillin. Among the S. aureus isolates, 16.1% (n = 5) were resistant to penicillin, 3.2% (n = 1) to cefoxitin and oxacillin (MRSA). Six MR isolates (5 CNS and 1 MRSA) were positive to the mecA gene, and presented the SCCmec IVa. The MRSA strain presented the sequence type 83 and the spa type 002. Among the 28 streptococcal isolates, 14.3% (n = 4) were resistant to penicillin, 10.7% (n = 3) to erythromycin and 14.3% (n = 4) to clindamycin. Conclusions: The present findings of this study indicate a development of antimicrobial resistance in main bacteria isolated from cows with mastitis in Argentina.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.886-895
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• 2022

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a highly aggressive pediatric malignancy with no effective therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a target for the development of novel molecule-targeting therapeutic agents. In this study, we report the importance of the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and RUNX1-Baculoviral IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) Repeat-Containing 5 (BIRC5/survivin) axis in the proliferation of MRT cells, as it can be used as an ideal target for anti-tumor strategies. The mechanism of this reaction can be explained by the interaction of RUNX1 with the RUNX1-binding DNA sequence located in the survivin promoter and its positive regulation. Specific knockdown of RUNX1 led to decreased expression of survivin, which subsequently suppressed the proliferation of MRT cells in vitro and in vivo. We also found that our novel RUNX inhibitor, Chb-M, which switches off RUNX1 using alkylating agent-conjugated pyrrole-imidazole polyamides designed to specifically bind to consensus RUNX-binding sequences (5'-TGTGGT-3'), inhibited survivin expression in vivo. Taken together, we identified a novel interaction between RUNX1 and survivin in MRT. Therefore the negative regulation of RUNX1 activity may be a novel strategy for MRT treatment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.1292-1298
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• 2023

PAMB 00755^T, a bacterial strain, was isolated from Korean fir leaves. The strain exhibits yellow colonies and consists of Gram-negative, non-motile, short rods or ovoid-shaped cells. It displays optimal growth conditions at 20℃, 0% NaCl, and pH 6.0. Results of 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strain PAMB 00755^T was most closely related to Sphingomonas chungangi MAH-6^T (97.7%) and Sphingomonas polyaromaticivorans B2-7^T (97.4%), and ≤96.5% sequence similarity to other members of the genus Sphingomonas. The values of average nucleotide identity (79.9-81.3%), average amino acid identity (73.3-75.9%), and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (73.3-75.9%) were significantly lower than the threshold values for species boundaries; these overall genome-related indexes (OGRI) analyses indicated that the strain represents a novel species. Genomic analysis revealed that the strain has a 4.4-Mbp genome encoding 4,083 functional genes, while the DNA G+C content of the whole genome is 66.1%. The genome of strain PAMB 00755^T showed a putative carotenoid biosynthetic cluster responsible for its antioxidant activity. The respiratory quinone was identified as ubiquinone 10 (Q-10), while the major fatty acids in the profile were identified as C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c (summed feature 8). The major polar lipids of strain PAMB 00755^T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, and phosphatidylcholine. Based on a comprehensive analysis of genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we proposed the name Sphingomonas abietis sp. nov. for this novel species, with PAMB 00755^T as the type strain (= KCTC 92781^T = GDMCC 1.3779^T).

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.829-839
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• 2021

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced radial T1-weighted gradient-echo 3-tesla (3T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for the detection of visceral pleural surface invasion (VPSI). Visceral pleural invasion by non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be classified into two types: PL1 (without VPSI), invasion of the elastic layer of the visceral pleura without reaching the visceral pleural surface, and PL2 (with VPSI), full invasion of the visceral pleura. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three patients with pathologically confirmed VPSI by NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed. Multidetector CT and contrast-enhanced 3T MRI with a free-breathing radial three-dimensional fat-suppressed volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) pulse sequence were compared in terms of the length of contact, angle of mass margin, and arch distance-to-maximum tumor diameter ratio. Supplemental evaluation of the tumor-pleura interface (smooth versus irregular) could only be performed with MRI (not discernible on CT). Results: At the tumor-pleura interface, radial VIBE MRI revealed a smooth margin in 20 of 21 patients without VPSI and an irregular margin in 10 of 12 patients with VPSI, yielding an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F-score for VPSI detection of 91%, 83%, 95%, 91%, 91%, and 87%, respectively. The McNemar test and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis revealed no significant differences between the diagnostic accuracies of CT and MRI for evaluating the contact length, angle of mass margin, or arch distance-to-maximum tumor diameter ratio as predictors of VPSI. Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced radial T1-weighted gradient-echo 3T MRI and CT were equal in terms of the contact length, angle of mass margin, and arch distance-to-maximum tumor diameter ratio. The advantage of MRI is its clear depiction of the tumor-pleura interface margin, facilitating VPSI detection.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.101-120
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• 2024

기업의 역할이 확대되면서 기업의 사회적 책임(Corporate Social Responsibility; CSR)의 중요성이 증대되고 있으며, 여러 조직이 CSR을 채용의 맥락에서 활용하려는 시도가 지속되고 있는 동시에, CSR 진정성에 대한 요구가 커지고 있다. 저해된 CSR 진정성은 조직에 부정적인 결과를 초래할 수 있으나, 이에 관한 연구는 미비한 실정이며, 특히나 구직 및 채용맥락에서는 더욱 부족하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 시나리오 설계를 통해 CSR 진정성(높은 CSR 진정성 조건, 낮은 CSR 진정성 조건, 통제조건)에 따라 조직매력도가 달라지는지를 확인하고자 했으며, 이 관계에서 가치일치성의 매개효과와 도덕적 정체성의 조절효과를 탐구하였다. 국내 대학생 300명을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였으며 그 결과, 높은 CSR 진정성 조건에서 가장 높은, 통제 조건에서 중간의, 낮은 CSR 진정성 조건에서 가장 낮은 조직매력도를 보였으나, 높은 CSR 진정성 조건과 통제조건의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. PROCESS macro를 이용하여 가치일치성의 매개모형을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 가치일치성의 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 다음으로, 도덕적 정체성의 조절효과와 조절된 매개효과를 확인한 결과, 높은 CSR 진정성 조건과 다른 조건의 대조에서 가치일치성과의 관계를 조절하였다. 본 연구 결과는 CSR 진정성을 구직 및 채용맥락에서도 고려해야 할 필요성을 시사하며, CSR 진정성이 조직매력도에 영향을 미치는 기제에 대한 통찰을 제공한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2024

Objective: To measure inter-reader agreement and identify associated factors in interpreting complete response (CR) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 10 readers from seven hospitals with experience of 80-10210 cases, and 149 patients who underwent surgery after CRT for rectal cancer. Using MRI-based tumor regression grading (mrTRG) and methods employed in daily practice, the readers independently assessed mrTRG, CR on T2-weighted images (T2WI) denoted as mrCR_T2W, and CR on all images including diffusion-weighted images (DWI) denoted as mrCR_overall. The readers described their interpretation patterns and how they utilized DWI. Inter-reader agreement was measured using multi-rater kappa, and associated factors were analyzed using multivariable regression. Correlation between sensitivity and specificity of each reader was analyzed using Spearman coefficient. Results: The mrCR_T2W and mrCR_overall rates varied widely among the readers, ranging 18.8%-40.3% and 18.1%-34.9%, respectively. Nine readers used DWI as a supplement sequence, which modified interpretations on T2WI in 2.7% of cases (36/1341 [149 patients × 9 readers]) and mostly (33/36) changed mrCR_T2W to non-mrCR_overall. The kappa values for mrTRG, mrCR_T2W, and mrCR_overall were 0.56 (95% confidence interval: 0.49, 0.62), 0.55 (0.52, 0.57), and 0.54 (0.51, 0.57), respectively. No use of rectal gel, larger initial tumor size, and higher initial cT stage exhibited significant association with a higher interreader agreement for assessing mrCR_overall (P ≤ 0.042). Strong negative correlations were observed between the sensitivity and specificity of individual readers (coefficient, -0.718 to -0.963; P ≤ 0.019). Conclusion: Inter-reader agreement was moderate for assessing CR on post-CRT MRI. Readers' varying standards on MRI interpretation (i.e., threshold effect), along with the use of rectal gel, initial tumor size, and initial cT stage, were significant factors associated with inter-reader agreement.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권5호
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• pp.1218-1230
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• 2021

목적 고위험 환자에서 초기 간암 선별 검사로써 단축 자기공명영상 검사의 환자별 진단능을 기존의 고식적 간 자기공명영상검사와 비교하고자 한다. 대상과 방법 간암 고위험군에서 간 자기공명영상 검사를 시행 받은 총 201명의 환자에 대해 연구를 시행하였다. 단축 자기공명영상 검사 군의 프로토콜은 T2 강조영상, 담도기 T1 강조영상, 확산강조영상 등으로 구성되며, 두 명의 영상의학과 의사가 각각의 환자에 대해 후향적으로 단축 자기공명영상검사 군 및 고식적 자기공명영상검사 군, 두 군의 영상을 독립적으로 평가하였다. 두 연구자 간 일관성은 Cohen's kappa 값을 이용하여 비교하였다. 복합적인 참조표준을 이용하여 두 군에서 각각 진단능을 평가하여 비교하였다. 결과 79 명의 환자에서 총 93개의 간암이 발견되었다. 두 연구자 간 일관성은 두 군에서 모두 매우 양호하였다(κ = 0.839, 0.948). 단축 자기공명영상검사 군에서 민감도 및 음성예측도는 각각 94.9% 및 96.4%였으며, 이는 고식적 자기공명영상검사 군과 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(96.2%, 97.5%). 결론 단축 자기공명영상검사는 고식적 자기공명영상검사에 비교하여 임상적으로 허용 가능한 민감도와 음성예측도를 갖는다. 따라서 간암 고위험군 환자에서 간암 선별검사로써 새로운 대안이 될 수 있을 것이다.