• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.59-75
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the changes in the body perception of young children using a short-term longitudinal design, then to investigate the factors related to their body perception. Methods: Participants were 65 preschool children and their mothers that were recruited from five institutions. An 11-month, two-time point longitudinal design was used in which children were interviewed individually to examine the changes in body perception. At the second time point, children were assessed with an additional measure to investigate self-esteem, and their mothers also reported on maternal factors and children's media experience through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by paired t-test, independent t-test, correlations and ANOVA. Results: The results showed a significant decline of children's negative body perception over time. Children's media experience was positively correlated with negative body perception. Mothers whose children showed higher body mass index (BMI) sent more verbal messages about their child's weight reduction. In addition, children's negative body perception was positively correlated with physical self-esteem. Finally, there was a significant difference in only the physical self-esteem according to the level of children's body perception. Conclusion/Implications: The findings would suggest theoretical and practical implications to support intervention and education programs to improve the body image of young children.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

This study analyzes consumers' preference trend, positive and negative factors in regards to luxury brands by researching changes in the consumer awareness of luxury brands, preference trends and psychological awareness based on big data to suggest a creative business strategy for corporations that can help Korean brands enter global luxury brand markets. The study results are as follows. Preferred items (consumer) psychology, positive awareness and negative awareness were derived based on the last five years of social big data on Korean consumers' preferred brands. First, the Korean consumers' preferred brands for the recent five years indicated that Dolce & Gabbana (2013), ESCADA (2012), Gucci (2011, 2009) and Chanel (2010) were most preferred and Prada, Louis Vuitton, Hermes, Burberry, Fendi, Givenchy and Dior were also shown to be preferred brands. Second, bags (such as shoulder bags) were shown to be the most preferred items for luxury brand items that consumers wished to own. Third, it was analyzed that keywords for consumer psychology in regards to luxury brands included: diverse, new, outstanding, overwhelming, luxurious, glamorous, worldwide, famous, success and good. Fourth, consumers' positive awareness regarding luxury brands included: diverse, luxury, famous, outstanding, perfect, bright and luxurious. Fifth, negative awareness included: price factors of expensive, high price and excessive as well as factors to be improved upon such as old, bland, flashy, crude, unfriendly and fake.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.488-502
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the neighborhood environmental factors associated with physical activity among adults living in rural communities. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 201 adults living in three Ri in Y-city, Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from face-to-face interview by trained interviewers and were analyzed using a zero-inflated negative binominal regression model. Results: Participants reported engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity was 76.1%; 10.5% of participants reported that they met moderate physical activity recommendations and 14.5% of participants reported that they met vigorous physical activity recommendations. Zero-inflated negative binominal regression analysis showed association of increasing days of physical activity with social cohesion (${\beta}=.130$, p=.005), social network (${\beta}=-.096$, p=.003), and safety for crime (${\beta}=-.151$, p=.036), and no days of physical activity was associated with no attainment of education and marginally associated with increasing BMI. Conclusion: Neighborhood environmental factors including social cohesion, social network, and crime for safety were significantly associated with physical activity of rural adults. Community health nurses should expand an approach for individual behavior change to incorporate rural adults' specific neighborhood environmental factors into physical activity interventions.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the research trends concerning job satisfaction among hospital nurses. Methods: Articles published between 2008 to 2018 were searched. In the first search, 10,859 articles were extracted from academic databases, and 168 were included. Results: A total of 36 variables were explored regarding job satisfaction. Among the major variables, organizational commitmentandculture and justice had positive correlations withjobsatisfaction. In contrast, burnout, negative affectivity, and turnover intention had negative correlations with it. In the meta-analysis, according to the conceptual framework, salary and promotions showed significant positive correlations with job satisfaction. In contrast, professionaldevelopment showed a significantly negative correlation with it. Conclusion: Strategies to improve the variables corresponding to motivation factors are required to improve job satisfaction among hospital nurses. Furthermore, efforts to improve the nursing work environment corresponding to hygiene factors are also required for efficiency and rational management at the hospital level.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.13-18
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• 2022

Mankind has been living in the third millennium of a new era for 15 years. Today he realized that he was on a tiny planet with not much space. The 20th century laid bare its global consequences in all its horror.. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, more than 30 armed conflicts are recorded on the planet every year, leading to the death of more than 1,000 people during the year. Over the past 15 years, the total number of deaths as a result of military actions in such conflicts has also increased: more than 17 thousand people - in 2002 to more than 22.5 thousand - in 2011. 2022, in turn, became the beginning of a new round of military history, bringing changes in the social, environmental, agro-industrial, economic and other spheres not only in Ukraine, but also in all countries of the civilized world. As a result of the study, the most significant impact of the negative factors of the war, namely the economic, legal, regional and environmental aspects, was identified and analyzed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2024

Purpose: This study is descriptive research aiming to identify factors influencing the stigma experienced by college students with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), focusing on COVID-19 pandemic stress, depression, and fear of negative evaluation as the main variables. Methods: An online survey was administered to 175 college students who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 from January to May 2022 and were enrolled in universities in Seoul, Cheongju, and Daegu, South Korea. The survey collected data on pandemic stress, depression, fear of negative evaluation, and stigma. The data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, the Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression in SPSS/WIN 26.0. Results: We analyzed differences in stigma scores based on general characteristics of the college students and found significant differences in stigma scores by age, major satisfaction, interpersonal satisfaction, date of COVID-19 confirmation, treatment modality, and recent subjective health condition. Factors influencing stigmatization were identified as COVID-19 pandemic stress, depression, date of COVID-19 confirmation, treatment modality, recent subjective health condition, and major satisfaction, with an overall explanatory power of 37.6%. Conclusion: This study is significant as it identifies emotional changes across various aspects of pandemic stress, depression, fear of negative evaluation, and stigma among college students who have been diagnosed with COVID-19. The findings of this study suggest the development of programs to reduce psychological distress and enhance mental health management skills among these students.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.105-121
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• 2002

This ethnographic study investigated aspects of negative social power in 4-year-old children and characteristics of the children who use it. The negative use of social power included taking the possessions of peers without permission, ignoring classroom rules, controlling, rejecting, and threatening others. Most children who abused social power behaved as controllers and were popular children or had a following within the group. They were physically superior to peers, of competitive disposition, and had a well-developed capacity for verbal expression; they were self-centered and had a high level of cognitive ability. Further areas for ethnographic research into the nature of the negative use of social power in young children include training in perspective taking, age differences, and factors that contribute to the development of negative social power in young children.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.33-40
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to find out what impacts large retailers' behaviors appearing when they promote the strengthening of their market dominating power in the trade relations with small and medium suppliers or in the market can have on consumers. Research design, data, methodology - This study analyzed negative information (news) on large retailers (Lotte Mart, E-Mart and Homeplus) based on the monthly data over the past five years from 2008 to 2012 and also analyzed the correlation between dependent variables that are likely to affect sales through large retailer economic index, Results - This study conducted a correlation analysis on the time lag of the factors that have an impact on the negative information and sales of large retailers in order to analyze how consumers respond to the choice of large retailers' store (store sales) when they perceived negative information about the un- ethical behaviors of large retailers. Conclusions - Unfair and negative information on large retailers appeared significant for the hypothesis that sales will be affected by the image of large retailers and change of consumer attitudes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4445-4452
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• 2012

Background: Prognosis of breast cancer depends on classic pathological factors and also tumor angiogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological factors of breast cancer in a tertiary centre with a focus on the relationship between tumor angiogenesis and clinicopathological factors. Methods: Clinicopathological data were retrieved from the archived formal pathology reports for surgical specimens diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma, NOS. Microvessels were immunohistochemically stained with anti-CD34 antibody and quantified as microvessel density. Results: At least 50% of 94 cases of invasive breast ductal carcinoma in the study were advanced stage. The majority had poor prognosis factors such as tumor size larger than 50mm (48.9%), positive lymph node metastasis (60.6%), and tumor grade III (52.1%). Higher percentages of estrogen and progesterone receptor negative cases were recorded (46.8% and 46.8% respectively). Her-2 overexpression cases and triple negative breast cancers constituted 24.5% and 22.3% respectively. Significantly higher microvessel density was observed in the younger patient age group (p=0.012). There were no significant associations between microvessel density and other clinicopathological factors (p>0.05). Conclusions: Majority of the breast cancer patients of this institution had advanced stage disease with poorer prognostic factors as compared to other local and western studies. Breast cancer in younger patients might be more proangiogenic.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.547-560
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing internet addiction proneness and condition of internet use in higher grade students at an elementary school. Method: The subjects consisted of 234 sixth grade students at an elementary school in Gyeonggido. SPSS/Win18.0 was used for analysis of data. Results: Among the subjects, 51.3% had used the internet for more than three years, 89.3% used the internet in their home, and 38.5% used the internet for games. In internet addition proneness, 3.1% were potential risk users and 1.3% were high risk users. Internet addiction proneness differed significantly according to gender, period of internet use, internet access location, and purpose of internet use. Internet addiction proneness showed negative correlation with protective factors and positive correlation with risk factors. The factors affecting the internet addiction proneness were degree of internet use, peer protective factor(support from peer), personal protective factor(self-control), internet access location, and family risk factor(negative communication). These factors accounted for 32.9% of internet addiction proneness. Conclusion: Strategies are needed for improvement of the relationship with the peer group and family communication and to encourage self-control for prevention of internet addiction in elementary school students in community mental health service.