• 아동학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.191-204
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• 2009

The purpose of the current study was to validate the ECBQ (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire) scale. Data were collected from the 39 teachers of 338 18- to 36-month-old toddlers (181 boys and 157 girls) in Korea. The ECBQ scale was composed of 201 items (7-point Likert scale) with three dimensions. Reliability of this study was confirmed by Cronbach ${\alpha}$'s for ECBQ subscales ranging from .76 to .81. The results of the Exploratory Factor Analysis identified three dimensions of ECBQ : activity-non activity, extraversion-attention, negative affectivity-transformation. Results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported the hierarchic model. There was a significant relationship between temperament and adjustment of infants. It was concluded that the ECBQ scale in general is acceptable for use in Korea.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2021

This study presents the psychometric properties of the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R), including internal consistency, content validity, and construct validity. The IBQ-R is a caregiver (parent) reporting instrument designed to assess temperament in infants (aged 3-12 months). Two groups of participants were included. The first group comprised 92 infants and the second 83 infants, giving a total of 175 infants (M=8.3 months, 80 boys and 95 girls). Their caregivers completed IBQ-R. The IBQ-R subscales demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Also, confirmatory factor analyses of the IBQ-R scale found that three broad dimensions: surgency, negative affectivity, and orientation/regulation. This study confirmed that the IBQ-R is a reliable and valid temperament instrument that can be recommended for evaluating temperament in infants.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.84-102
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of the occupational commitment of dental hygienists in Korea. The independent variables contain three groups of work rewards variables which consist of task reward variables (autonomy, job significance, resource adequacy, role conflict, workload, and routinization), social reward variables(supervisory support, co-worker support, and negative affectivity), and organizational reward variables(job security and promotional chances), and eight sociodemographic variables. The sample of this study consisted of 474 dental hygienists who work at general hospitals, university hospitals, dental hospitals and clinics across the nation. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using hierarchical regression technique. It was found that: (1) job significance have a significant positive effect on the occupational commitment of dental hygienists; (2) role conflict, workload, routinization, and type of work site have significant negative effect on the occupational commitment of dental hygienists; (3) the study model explains 23.7% of the variance in occupational commitment among dental hygienists. The results of the study indicate that managers of dental clinics and hospitals should make efforts to extend the scope and quality of dental hygienists' work through job enlargement and job enrichment.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 말더듬의 지속과 회복에 따른 하위유형의 기질 특성을 종단적으로 비교하고, 외현적 말더듬 중증도와 기질 특성의 관련성을 살피는 것이었다. 연구 참여자는 학령전 아동으로 41명의 말더듬 아동(CWS, children who stutter)과 30명의 말을 더듬지 않는 아동(CWNS, children who do not stutter)이었다. 아동들은 4년간 종단연구에 참여하였으며, 마지막 평가에 참여하였을 때 전체 CWS 중 27명은 말더듬이 회복된 아동으로, 14명은 말더듬이 지속된 아동으로 최종 진단되었다. 각 아동의 기질 특성은 유아기질척도-간편형을 사용하여 평가하였으며, 기질 평가는 첫 평가 이후 1년이 지난 시점과 첫 평가 이후 2년이 지난 시점에서 각각 이루어졌다. 기질 특성 비교를 위해 유아기질척도-간편형의 상위요인(외향성, 부정적 정서, 의도적 통제)과 15개의 하위영역 점수를 분석하였으며, 집단과 평가 시점에 따른 차이를 각각 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 말더듬이 지속된 아동 집단은 말더듬이 회복된 아동 집단과 CWNS보다 상위요인인 부정적 정서 점수가 평가 시점과 관계없이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 말더듬이 지속된 아동 집단은 다른 아동 집단보다 부정적 정서를 구성하는 하위영역인 '공포'와 '분노/좌절' 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 말더듬이 지속된 아동 집단을 대상으로 평가 시점별로 외현적 말더듬 중증도와 기질의 상위요인 및 하위영역 점수 간 상관분석을 실시한 결과, 외현적 말더듬 중증도와 기질 특성은 유의한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 기질 특성이 말더듬의 지속 및 회복과 관련 있는 요인이라는 이론적 관점을 지지하며, 시간이 지남에 따라 기질이 말더듬으로 인한 반복적인 경험의 영향을 받을 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and reliability of the Type D Scale-14 (DS14). Methods: The participants were 288 patients who were diagnosed with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. DS14 was developed by Denollet(2005) and consists of two domains, 7 items on negative affectivity (NA) and 7 items on social inhibition (SI). The Korean version of DS14 was developed through translation-reversed translation and a preliminary test. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Cronbach $\alpha$ and Guttman split-half were used to test reliability and item analysis and factor analysis for validity. The SPSS program was used. Results: 35.8% of the participants were classified as Type D. Mean score for NA was 16.80 and for SI, 14.10 in Type D participants. For reliability of NA, Cronbach $\alpha$=0.771, and for SI, 0.707. Factor analysis on 12 items(numbers 1 & 3 were excluded as the corrected item-total correlations were below r=0.3) yielded two factors for NA (6 items) and SI (6 items). Number 7 in the NA domain was sorted into the SI domain. Conclusion: The results indicate, the cultural differences were between Europeans and Koreans. Repetition of the research is needed for generalization of DS14.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.477-497
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric property of the Children's Behavior Questionnaire(CBQ), including reliability, content validity, construct validity, cross validity, and concurrent validity with EAS(Emotionality, Activity, Sociability) scale. The CBQ is a caregiver report measure designed to provide a detailed assessment of temperament in children 3 to 7 years of age. In this study, two groups of participants were included to check cross validity. The first group of participants were 108 preschoolers, 3 to 7 years of age attending kindergartens or child care centers, and their mothers. The second group of participants were 168 preschoolers and their mothers. The CBQ subscales demonstrate adequate internal consistencies. Also, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the CBQ scale reliably recover a three-factor solution indicating three broad dimension of temperament: extraversion/surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control. Evidence for concurrent validity derives from results of correlation analysis with EAS scale.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2022

Through emotional exhaustion, this study empirically tests followers' behavioral responses to autocratic leaders. The current research focuses on effects caused by despotic leadership on followers' emotional exhaustion, which leads to employee outcomes such as interpersonal deviances and indirect aggression. The association between despotic leadership and results (employee interpersonal deviance and indirect violence) is investigated in this study. In this study, emotional exhaustion is used as a mediator. Furthermore, negative affectivity is used as a moderator between despotic leadership and emotional exhaustion. A time-lagged framework is employed with a sample of 255 respondents. Age, qualification, marital status, gender, grade, type of organization, department, and job experience are among the eight demographical questions in this study. After evaluating the data for normality, correlation analysis was performed, followed by moderation and mediation analysis. The current study explores the link between despotic leadership and emotional exhaustion among followers, arguing that a despotic leader will leave followers exhausted at work. Emotional exhaustion was also linked to interpersonal deviances, such as indirect aggression, in a significant and positive way. Employee outcomes, such as interpersonal deviances and indirect aggressiveness through emotional exhaustion, will be influenced by a despotic leader, according to the findings.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.63-96
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• 2017

In a competitive organizational environment, members view completing tasks to perfection without mistakes as the requirement for success and good evaluation from others. However, unrealistically strong perfectionism can have negative effects on members' psychological states and organizational performance. This study focuses on evaluative concerns perfectionism, the negative aspect of perfectionism, based on positive psychology theory to explore the positive mechanism that comes into place in the process of strengthening organization members' resilience. For this purpose, we performed a moderated moderation analysis to investigate whether the moderating effect of leaders' social support (primary moderator) is moderated by their emotional intelligence (secondary moderator). To verify our research model, we conducted a two-part survey of 252 employees in various industries with a time interval to minimize the common method bias. Job rank and positive affectivity were set as control variables to identify the clear causal relationship among variables. Our findings showed that first, evaluative concerns perfectionism reduced resilience; second, leaders' social support positively moderated the relationship between evaluative concerns perfectionism and resilience; and third, the leaders' emotional intelligence positively moderated the two-way interaction between evaluative concerns perfectionism and the leaders' social support, confirming a moderated moderation. Our findings suggest the need for leaders to assume multidimensional roles to enhance the positive traits of organization members, especially in today's complex business environment. The implications of our findings are further discussed in relation to knowledge management and the development of organization members who exhibit evaluative concerns perfectionism, along with suggestions for future research.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.615-623
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• 2017

본 연구는 중년 남성 근로자의 수면의 질에 미치는 영향 요인을 파악하기 위한 목적으로 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구의 대상자는 전남지역 사업장의 중년 남성 근로자 127명이며, 자료 조사는 구조화된 설문지를 이용한 자가 보고식으로 이루어졌다. 자료 분석은 t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient 와 step wise multiple regression 으로 SPSS/WIN 18.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 수면의 질과 관련 변인들 간의 관계를 살펴보면 직무 스트레스는 양의 상관관계를 보였고, 직무만족도는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 직무스트레스 중 하위영역 직무요구, 직장문화와 직무만족 중 하위영역 직무자체가 수면의 질을 24.5% 설명하였다. 이에 중년 남성 근로자들의 수면의 질을 향상하기 위한 간호중재 전략과 직업만족도를 높이고 직업스트레스를 줄이는 전략을 강구해야 할 것이다. 더불어 대상자의 수면의 질 향상을 위해 과도한 업무량을 줄일 수 있는 제도적 방안 마련과 건전한 직장문화를 확립할 수 있도록 구성원 간의 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.23-42
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of somatization psychological mechanism among Sasang constitution. Methods : Subjects were seventy four students of Won-Kwang university responded the questionnaire. We evaulated the subjects using Minnesota Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II), Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2(MMPI-2), 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale(SSAS), Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire(SIQ) and The Ways of Stress Coping Questionnaire(SCQ). Results : From the results of Clinical scale of MMPI-2, the scores of 2nd, 9th, 10th scales was significantly difference. In Lesser Yin group 10th score was the significantly highest of the others, 1st, 3rd, 6th, 7th, 8th score were the highest but not significant. and From the results of PSY-5 scale(The Personality Psychopathology Five scale) of MMPI-2, In Lesser Yin goup, INTR(Introversion/Low Positive Emotion) score was significantly highest, PSYC(psychoticism), NEGE (Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism) was higher than the others. In TAS-20K, SSAS, SIQ and SCQ Lesser Yin group was not significantly difference. but Lesser Yin group had the tendency of difficulty describing feelings and externally oriented thinking and higher score in physical and psychological interpretation. We observed generally lower levels of stress coping strategy scores than the others. Conclusions : These results showed that Lesser Yin group tend to somatization compared other constitution.