• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.315-319
• /
• 2007

Transgastric endoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully accomplished in a 1-year-old, 15 kg, female, mongrel dog. Single-working channel flexible gastric endoscope was used with the aid of one abdominal laparoscopic port. Gastrotomy was performed using endoscopic needle knife at the ventral antral region. Through the gastric incision endoscope was advanced and retroflexed for the visualization of gallbladder. For the better exposure of surgical field, gentle traction was applied at the fundus of the gallbladder using laparoscopic grasping forceps. Cystic duct and artery was ligated using endoclips. After transecting the duct and artery, gallbladder was dissected using endoscopic coagulating grasping forceps and needle knife. Resected gallbladder was retrieved through the mouth and gastric incision site was sutured using endoclips. There was no evidence of bile leakage or stomach leakage on postoperative day (POD) 3. On POD 16, gastric endoscopy and laparoscopy was performed. Gastric endoscopy revealed complete adhesion of incision site. The content of the peritoneum appeared healthy, with no sign of infection, bile staining, or organ injury. The omentum was adhered over resected gallbladder fossa and the serosal surface of gastrotomy site. This is the first report of NOTES cholecystectomy in the dog and provides new concept of cholecystectomy of the dog.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.65 no.10
• /
• pp.1780-1785
• /
• 2016

This paper presents few case studies of state diagnosis of XLPE cables using very low frequency techniques. The power cables of 22.9kV which have installation fault were assessed using VLF technique in addition to other techniques like insulation resistance and DC voltage withstand test. From the experimental results, The dielectric loss($tan{\delta}$) values of degradation of the cable(joint, knife, needle) at $U_0$ were 5.839, 5.526 and 6.251, respectively and all values were "further study advised". VLF PD measurement was also found defective portion. These method was effective in defect to fault in the degradation of the cable. However, the breakdown did not occur in the degradation of the cable because of properties of XLPE insulation. Few case studies of using VLF $tan{\delta}$ diagnosis for fault are measured and analyzed. The $tan{\delta}$ values at $U_0$ were "further study advised" or "action required".

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2018

Size reduction is an important pre-processing operation for utilizing biomass as a sustainable resource in industrial-scale energy production and as a raw material for other industries. This work investigates the size reduction characteristics of air-dried Miscanthus sacchariflorus Goedae-Uksae 1 (Amur silver grass) via image processing and identifies the morphological characteristics of comminuted and screened M. sacchariflorus. At chopping lengths of 18, 40, 80, and 160 mm, 81%, 77%, 78%, and 76% of the particles, respectively, passed through a 4-mm sieve. Even a knife mill with a very small screen aperture (>1 mm) admitted over 10% of the particles. The average circularity and aspect ratio of the particles were <0.30 and >10, respectively. These results confirm that in all preparation modes, most M. sacchariflorus particles were needle-like in shape, irrespective of the type of preparation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 1998

This paper presents experimental results on the application of very low frequency(VLF) voltage to replace conventional DC test as an after laying test for underground distribution cables. We carried out several tests to prove defects detecting ability of VLF test on the 5m length real cables having knife-cut or needle type defects which is made in our La.. Through this experiment we proved it is very difficult to initiate electrical tree from the defects inside of the cable insulation but once the electrical tree is initiated it grows very fast and VLF does not make new defects and expand the defect. Therefore VLF test equipment for quality inspection test of manufacture is more effective than field application for underground distribution cables.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.175-179
• /
• 2005

An 11-year-old girl with a history of two previous attacks of acute pancreatitis was admitted to another hospital. Her epigastrium was tender, and serum amylase was 657 IU/L and lipase 3131 IU/L. Abdominal computed tomography scan suggested necrosis of 30% of the pancreas. Retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography showed a diverticulum covered by normal duodenal mucosa at the second portion of the duodenum, which was separated from the adjacent duodenal lumen by a radiolucent band at UGI series. The apex of the diverticulum was incised endoscopically using a needle knife papillotome. A follow-up endoscopy on the next day noticed bleeding from the incised edge of the diverticulum. Endoscopic hemostasis with hemoclipping and injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine solution was not successful. The patient was transferred to Kyungpook National University Hospital, and open duodenotomy and excision of the diverticulum were performed. She has recovered well and remains asymptoatic.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.56 no.5
• /
• pp.431-435
• /
• 2014

A fifty-year-old female non-smoker with no other specific medical history visited our institute. She complained of axial back pain with no other neurological deficit. Chest X-ray, chest computed tomography (CT) scan, CT-guided needle aspiration biopsy, whole-body positron emission tomography, spine CT and spine magnetic resonance image findings suggested NSCLC with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, multiple brain metastases, and two isolated metastases to the T3 and L3 vertebral bodies. She underwent chemotherapy with gefitinib ($Iressa^{TM}$) for NSCLC and gamma knife surgery for multiple brain metastases. We performed a two-staged, total en bloc spondylectomy of the T3 and L3 vertebral bodies based on several good prognostic characteristics, such as the lack of metastases to the appendicular bone, good preoperative performance status, and being an excellent responder (Asian, never-smoker and adenocarcinoma histology) to EGFR inhibitors. Improved axial back pain after the surgery enabled her to walk with the aid of a thoracolumbosacral orthosis brace on the third postoperative day. Her Karnofsky performance status score (KPS) was 90 at the time of discharge and has been maintained to date 3 years after surgery. In selected NSCLC patients with good prognostic characteristics, we suggest that locally curative treatment such as total en bloc spondylectomy or radiosurgery should be emphasized to achieve longer term survival for the selected cases.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.170-178
• /
• 2014

Using the Gleeble test, the effects of [Mn/S] ratios and the presence of sulfides on the high-temperature fracture morphology of heavy-section steel castings were analysed via the observations of the microstructures. The specimens for which the [Mn/S] ratio was in the range of 60~80 showed a ductile fracture morphology with an area reduction of more than 60%, while some specimens with similar [Mn/S] ratios showed a brittle fracture morphology with an area reduction of 0.0% due to the liquidation of sulfides at the grain boundary. The fracture morphology was classified into three types in the Gleeble high-temperature tensile test specimens. The first type showed dimple formation at the grain boundary, the formation of globular MnS sulfides, and plastic deformation of sulfides at an elevated temperature, indicating a needle-point type of ductile fracture with area reductions of 96.0~97.8%. The second type was a knife-edge type brittle fracture with an area reduction of 0.0% due to the film-type liquidation of sulfides at the grain boundary, band-type liquidation, and the liquidation of a terraced nipple pattern. The third type was the typical ductile fracture with an area reduction of 31.3~81.0%, in accordance with the mixture of dimples with in the grains and terraced nipple pattern at the grain boundary.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.497-505
• /
• 2011

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery is a newly emerging technique recently, with its many potential advantages in clinical practice. Cholecystectomy by Hybrid NOTES in this work, performed with single working channel endoscope in conjunction with a laparoscopic grasping forceps in dogs, is a "bridge" between laparoscopic procedure and pure NOTES. Three different approaches for cholecystectomy were carried out; transgastric, transcolonic and transvaginal. In all three approaches, abdominal opening was made by a 5 mm trocar, followed by making pneumoperitoneum of 4 mmHg with $CO_2$ insufflator. Transgastric cholecystectomy, single working channel endoscope was advanced to the peritoneal cavity through gastric incision in antral region made by endoscopic needle knife. Endoscope was retroflexed to visualize the gall bladder. Transcolonic access, incision for endoscopic entry was done at right ventral wall of descending colon, 15 cm inside from the anus. Incision in transvaginal access was made at right-ventral region, just caudal to the caudal tubercle. With the simple traction by the laparoscopic grasping forceps, good visualization of surgical field was obtained in all three groups. Cystic duct and artery were ligated with endoclips; for complete gall bladder dissection from liver, L-knife was used. Closure of incision sites were done in transgastric and transcolonic cholecystectomy by endoclips, not in transvaginal approach.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.555-561
• /
• 2011

Laparoscopic surgery is a well-established alternative to open surgery across disciplines. However, in veterinary medicine, laparoscopic surgery in dogs was rarely reported because of small abdominal size for multiple ports insertion. The concept of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is to perform the entire laparoscopic operation through a single incision rather than conventional multiple small skin incisions. Indirect evidence of potential benefits of SILS, decreases operative morbidity related to reduction in port size, already exists. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the modified form of SILS using flexible endoscope in Cholecystectomy before clinical adoption. A 2 cm single periumbilical incision was performed, and flexible endoscope was introduced into the abdominal cavity. A laparoscopic grasper was inserted into the abdominal cavity for the traction of gall bladder. Cystic duct and artery were ligated by 5 mm Hem-o-lok$^{(R)}$. Then, gall bladder was dissected and resected from the liver with 5 mm Autonomy Laparo-Angle Maryland dissector and endoscopic needle knife. Resected gall bladder was wrapped by using specimen pouch and was retrieved through abdominal incision from the cavity. All three gall bladders were successfully removed. Hematological changes were not observed during examination periods. No leakage sign was identified at necropsy. The flexible endoscope, as distinct from conventional rigid laparoscope, allows the visualization from various angles and the wide range of motion, result in less crowding.