• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2012

This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of advanced spatial modeling techniques for environmental monitoring and impact assessment through a case study of Chernobyl nuclear accident occurred in 1986. Land-cover types changed after the accident are analysed by a post classification comparison method using bi-temporal Landsat TM data acquired in 1986 and 1992 near the accident site. Spatial modeling including various kriging algorithms are also applied to analyze the relationships between Cesium concentrations in soil and thyroid cancer incidence rates in Belarus, which was greatly damaged by the accident. The change detection results clearly showed the decrease of croplands and the increase of abandoned lands, and concrete structures were newly built around the nuclear plant to prevent the spread of radioactive contamination. In Belarus, high Cesium concentrations were observed in southern areas with high thyroid cancer risk estimated by Poisson kriging. Geographically weighted regression, which could account for geographic variations of independent variables including Cesium concentrations and distances from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, was applied to extract the relationships between the independent variables and the thyroid cancer risk. The estimated risk values showed a correlation coefficient value of 0.98 with respect to the thyroid cancer risk values, which implied that the thyroid cancer risk in Belarus was affected by the accident. In conclusion, it is expected that advanced spatial modeling techniques applied in this study would be useful for environmental impact assessment and public health research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.308-316
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• 2020

This study attempted to derive an equation for calculating the damage impact distance using CARIS so that local governments can quickly determine evacuation and notification of residents in the event of an ammonia-release accident. Ammonia is an accident-causing substance and one of 16 substances to prepare for resident evacuation. It is the most frequently occurring chemical with 58 chemical accidents from 2014~2019. The study derives an equation for calculating the damage impact distance according to the exposure time of ammonia based on AEGL, an acute exposure standard applicable to the general population, which is includes vulnerable groups such as infants, children and the elderly and designated by the EPA. The calculation formulas for each concentration and exposure time to classify the hazardous area according to AEGL-3 and the semi-dangerous area according to AEGL-2 were derived. A comparison of the relative standard deviation between the damage impact distance values of CARIS revealed that is was in the range of 0~2%. Local governments should consider the actual accident situation and apply the appropriate damage-affected distance calculation formula derived from the study to evacuate residents near the origin of the accident or use for protective measures such as indoor evacuation notification.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.7 no.2 s.19
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• pp.33-41
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• 2003

There exists high hazard when transporting LPG as well as using, storing, and producing. For small scale LPG consumer, retailers deliver LPG to customers via a truck loading many LPG cylinders. Suppose there occurred a accident during LPG cylinder transfer, this could result in serious damages to the life and properties in the near or neighbor of the accident spot. In this regard, we made a quantitative risk analysis to estimate the possible damages and the probability through the identification of accidents causes and the simulation of the possible scenario. In this study, we made the Excel & Visual Basic computer program to perform quantitative LPG accident analysis. The simulation showed the following results. In case of UVCE(Unconfined Vapor Cloud Explosion), the effect within l0m of the accident spot showed very severe structural damages and even the accident can break the window glasses of the area of 150 m apart from accident spot. In case of TNT corresponding probit analysis, after 10 minutes LPG leaking, $75\%$ window glasses of 40 m distance was expected to be broken. And $16\%$ frames of 20m distance, $10\%$ frames of 40m distance was expected to be collapsed.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.368-368
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• 2008

Oil spills are a principal factor of the ocean pollution. The complicated problems involved in detecting oil spills are usually due to varying wind and sea surface condition such as ocean wave and current. The Hebei Spirit accident was happened in the west sea ($36^{\circ}$41'04" N, $126^{\circ}$03'12" E) near about 8 km distant from Tae-An, Korea on December 7, 2007. The aim of this work is to improve the detection and classification performance in order to define a more accurate training set and identifying the feature of oil spill region. This paper deals with an optimization technique for the detection and classification scheme using multi-frequency and multi-polarization SAR and optical image data sets of the oil spilled sea. The used image data are the ENVISAT ASAR WS and Radarsat-1 of C-band and ALOS PALSAR of L-band SAR data and KOMPSAT-2 optical images together with meteorological or oceanographic data. Both the theory and the experimental results obtained are discussed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07c
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• pp.1813-1815
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• 2002

As the statistical data, the electrical shock accidents by electrical power facilities of 22.9kV substation is about 100 per years which shows very high occupation rate of 11.3%. There is many hazard factors in this place using high voltage because electrical accident can be occurred in near live part as well as contact. Regarding electrical shock accident in 22.9kV substation as there are many cases that have not been exposed industrial disaster, it is very hard to know exact causes of such accidents in many cases, and therefore it is difficult to set up effective preventive measures. Therefore in this paper, it is intended to prepare the basic data to establish more effective preventive measures of electric shock accidents in 22.9kV substation through understanding the real conditions based on investigation and analysis in various types.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2015

Sawmilling industry remained a high risk with the average 4.73% of industrial accidents in 2010-2012 that was eight times that of general manufacturing. Sawmilling industry had 200 industrial accidents victim in average. Manufacturing process in sawmill industry contained dangerous machinery such as conveyors, roller, saw ( band saw, circular saw) etc. It may be effective to figure out the type of industrial accidents occurred in the past and extend risk assessment which can predict hazard such as near miss when implementing exposure or potential dangers in sawmill industry. This study conducted research on the actual condition on the place of industrial accident occurrence, detailed work and contact object when injured, and injured part targeting 643 businesses which had industrial accidents in 2010-2012. As the results, RPN of general sawmill industry was the highest 'ganglip saw' with 36,157. RPN of the following order were 'moving truck' with 25,454, 'special machining operations' with 22,283. Also, probability of general sawmill industry was a lots within 1 year, while risk appeared a lots within 5 years. So, risk assessment shall be needed to emphasis on accident prevention of sawmill industry. And additional work will be needed on the risk assessment in hazard prevention work of supervisors.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.24-29
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an efficient traffic light detection (TLD) method as an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) for elderly drivers. Since an increase in traffic accidents is associated with the aging population and an increase in elderly drivers causes a serious social problem, the provision of ADAS for older drivers via TLD is becoming a necessary(Ed: verify word choice: necessary?) public service. Therefore, we propose an economical TLD method that can be implemented with a simple black box (built in camera) and a smartphone in the near future. The system utilizes a color pre-processing method to differentiate between the stop and go signals. A mathematical morphology algorithm is used to further enhance the traffic light detection and a circular Hough transform is utilized to detect the traffic light correctly. From the simulation results of the computer vision and image processing based on a proposed algorithm on Matlab, we found that the proposed TLD method can detect the stop and go signals from the traffic lights not only in daytime, but also at night. In the future, it will be possible to reduce the traffic accident rate by recognizing the traffic signal and informing the elderly of how to drive by voice.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the characteristics of nurses' medication errors during three years. Methods: Retrospective survey study design was used to analyze medication errors by nurses among patient safety accidents. Data were collected for three years from January, 2017 to December, 2019. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, 𝑥²-test, and logistic regression with SPSS 26.0 program. Results: Of a total 677 medication errors, 40.6% were caused by nurses. Among the medication errors, near miss (n=154, 56.0%), intravenous bolus injection (n=170, 61.8%), wrong dose (n=102, 37.1%) and carelessness for repetitive work (n=98, 35.6%) were the most common. Medication errors differed by department, and nurses' career, and patient safety accident type. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of adverse events were medication of fluids (OR=3.93, 95% CI: 1.26~12.27), insulin subcutaneous injection (OR=39.06, 95% CI: 4.58~333.18), and occurrence of extravasation/infiltration (OR=7.26, 95% CI: 1.85~28.53). Conclusion: The simplest and most effective way to prevent medication errors is to keep 5 right, and a differentiated education program according to department and nurse career is needed rather than general education programs. Hospital-level integrated interventions such as a medication barcode system or a team nursing method are also necessary.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.986-993
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• 2011

In this paper we consider the problem of the existing TCAS-II systems that fail to be satisfactory solution to mid-air collisions (MACs) and near mid-air collisions (NMACs or near misses). This is attributed to the fact that the earlier studies on the collision avoidance mainly have focused on determination logic of avoidance direction and vertical speed, reversal of the avoidance direction, multiple aircraft geometry, and availability in certain air spaces. But, the influence of sensor measurement errors on the performance of collision avoidance was not properly taken into account. Here we propose a new TCAS algorithm by using Kalman filter instead of '${\alpha}-{\beta}$' tracker to improve the avoidance performance under the influence of barometric sensor errors due to air-temperature, pressure leaks, static source error correction, etc.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 2019

This paper presents a method that identifies the unsafe behaviors at the level of near-misses using image analysis. The method establishes potential collision hazardous area in earthmoving operation. It is implemented using a game engine to reproduce the dangerous events that have been accepted as major difficulty in utilizing computer vision technology to support construction safety management. The method keeps realistically track of the ever-changing hazardous area by reflecting the volatile field conditions. The method opens a way to distinguish unsafe conditions and unsafe behaviors that have been overlooked in previous studies, and reflects the causal relationship which causes an accident. The case study demonstrate how to identify the unsafe behavior of a worker exposed to an unsafe area created by dump trucks at the level of near-misses and to determine the hazardous areas.