• 공업화학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

방사성 폐기물에 대한 우려가 증대됨에 따라 생물정화 기술에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 병원과 원자력발전 등에서 발생되는 많은 양의 방사성 폐기물이 환경에 직접 노출됨에 따라, 이를 정화하기 위한 다양한 물리화학적 기술이 보고되고 있다. 하지만, 이러한 방법은 고비용 및 고위험성 과정이 수반되기 때문에 미생물을 이용한 친환경적 생물정화 기술이 요구되고 있다. 최근, 고방사선 노출 등과 같은 극한환경에서 서식할 수 있는 방사선저항성 미생물에 대한 연구가 많이 보고되고 있으며, 이를 이용한 방사성 폐기물 정화에 대한 연구적 관심이 높아지고 있다. 데이노코쿠스 라디오두란스는 대표적인 방사선저항성 미생물로써 높은 방사선에 저항성을 갖는 특성으로 인해 방사성 폐기물 등의 유해물질 정화에 이용될 수 있다. 본 총설에서는 데이노코쿠스 라디오두란스의 방사선내성과 관련한 일반적 기작에 대해 소개하고, 방사성 폐기물의 생물정화 활용 가능성에 대해 논의한다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2007

With the help of a development and popularization of microarray technology that enable to us to simultaneously investigate the expression pattern of thousands of genes, the toxicogenomics experimenters can interpret the genome-scale interaction between genes exposed in toxicant or toxicant-related environment. The ultimate and primary goal of toxicogenomics identifies functional context among the group of genes that are differentially or similarly coexpressed under the specific toxic substance. On the other side, public reference databases with transcriptom, proteom, and biological pathway information are needed for the analysis of these complex omics data. However, due to the heterogeneous and independent nature of these databases, it is hard to individually analyze a large omics annotations and their pathway information. Fortunately, several web sites of the public database provide information linked to other. Nevertheless it involves not only approriate information but also unnecessary information to users. Therefore, the systematically integrated database that is suitable to a demand of experimenters is needed. For these reasons, we propose SOP (Search of Omics Pathway) database system which is constructed as the integrated biological database converting heterogeneous feature of public databases into combined feature. In addition, SOP offers user-friendly web interfaces which enable users to submit gene queries for biological interpretation of gene lists derived from omics experiments. Outputs of SOP web interface are supported as the omics annotation table and the visualized pathway maps of KEGG PATHWAY database. We believe that SOP will appear as a helpful tool to perform biological interpretation of genes or proteins traced to omics experiments, lead to new discoveries from their pathway analysis, and design new hypothesis for a next toxicogenomics experiments.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.308-322
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• 2004

Purpose: 'The purpose of the present study was to understand students' experiences from their standpoint, to identify relevant variables and to examine into their relations by analyzing and describing what phenomenon 'nursing students' visiting ambulatory bathing service' is, what are the reasons for the phenomenon, and what interactions are in the phenomenon. Method: The subjects were thirteen students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed by Strauss and Corbin's analysis method. Result: With regard to ambulatory bathing service, participants responded 'lack of education', 'inexperienced personal relations' and 'disappointment with recipients families'. They recognized 'burden' and 'compassion'. The intensity of generated 'burden' and 'compassion' was determined by volunteering persons, the degree of health care service, recipients' response and interaction of climate. When 'burden' and 'compassion' were generated, participants selected their own coping strategies. Strategies in the situation of 'burden' and 'compassion' were significantly influenced by 'burden' and 'compassion' and structural situation - 'mutual relation structure,' 'volunteers' capability,' 'the degree of volunteering guidance,' 'community participation,' 'recipients' environment,' 'information sharing,' 'special vehicle equipment' and 'economical burden.' Strategies include' service training,' 'receiving volunteering training,' 'preliminary service preparation,' 'volunteering.' 'connection to local medical center,' 'intention,' 'information sharing,' 'passive response to recipients' appreciation' and 'the understanding of publicity'. The results of selected 'burden' and 'compassion' are described with 'worthiness' and 'cohesion' as follows. Conclusion: This study is significantly meaningful in that it examined bathing service welfare in its initial stage. There are not much outcome from previous studies. However. it is meaningful that this study intended to develop theories on the nature of experiences and the relations among concepts derived from the visiting ambulatory bathing service process of nursing students. Professors who taught social volunteering in universities understood the experience of nursing students who did the visiting ambulatory bathing service. Consequently, professors will provide an effective instruction to enable these students to carry out visiting ambulatory bathing services efficiently in order to meet demands when they conduct the services. For the volunteering service activity in major-related fields among college students' social volunteering activities, they recognized the necessity of systematic education and preparation.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2010

Sediments of Little Scioto (LS) River in Ohio was contaminated by poor disposal of creosote from Baker Wood Creosoting Facility. Among the primary compounds of creosote, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most common ingredient PAHs are known for toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds. There are many difficulties to remove the PAHs in nature environment because their characteristics are having a less water-solubility, volatile and low mobility properties as increasing the molecular weight. The generation of hydroxyl radicals (${\cdot}OH$) and hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) forms as well as high temperature (5000 K) and pressure (1000 atm) by a physico-chemical effects of ultrasound during a cavitation collapse can promote the degradation and desorption of PAHs in sediment And it can also produces shock wave and microjets which are able to change the size and surface of particle in solid-liquid system as one of physical effects. Therefore, we explored to understand the role of particle size, the effect of elimination for PAHs concentration by ultrasound and optimize the conditions for ultrasonic treatment. The condition of various size of particles (> $150{\mu}m$, < $150{\mu}m$) and solid-liquid ratio (12.5g/L, 25g/L) for the treatment was considered and ultrasonic power (430 W/L) with liquid - hexane extraction and microwave extraction method were applied after ultrasound treatment.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.563-584
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• 2014

이 연구는 국가 지정 유산인 명승의 조사 기록에 있어서 각 명승이 지닌 가치들을 어떤 관점에서, 몇 가지 범주로 나누어 기록하는 것이 법률적, 학술적으로 합당한가를 논의한 것이다. 이 주제에 접근함에 있어 연구자는 '문화 경관으로서의 명승'이라는 관점이 유용하다고 보았고, 이를 위한 이론적 고찰과 함께 문화 경관의 가치 평가를 둘러싼 최근의 주요 쟁점들이 무엇인지 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 명승의 가치 평가를 위한 세가지 관점을 도출하고, 다시 이들에 상응하여 가치 범주를 세 가지로 구상하여 제안할 수 있었다. 첫 번째 가치 범주는 '유 무형의 연계 가치'로서, 경관의 진정성이라는 관점에서 부상하는 '유형적 가치와 무형적 가치의 연계성'을 말한다. 두 번째는 '지속가능성의 가치'로서, 지역 생태계의 관점에서 주목되는 '인간(지역민)-자연의 관계의 지속가능성'을 의미한다. 세 번째는 '향유의 가치'로서 경관 복지라는 현재적 관점에서 거론할 수 있는 '체험적 가치'를 뜻한다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Korean traditional house has inherented construction characteristics that contain human requirements with the adaptation to nature's order. As for traditional buildings, there are a lot of facilities like palaces, Buddhist temples, Confucianism architectures, government facilities, etc. Among them, housing construction is not only closely connected to our lives, but also plays an important role to connect our lives from the past to present. The master room in a traditional korean house is responsible for playing a center role of the residential life which implies the traditional values responsible for multi-functions and it is also the sphere of the living space. Therefore, this thesis considers the residential environmental adjustment method and the behaviors centered around the main buildings of Jeonnam Province. And also investigates the main reason for windows and doors formation. From this, we would like to further evaluate the master room life, and the inner space constructions following the spacial and organizational analysis of windows and doors. We would like to analyze the space organization methods, environmental adjustment methods and the usages of traditional buildings. Using the modern interpretation as basis, we would like to use the foundation materials to reflect single family housing plans.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2016

천연가스 배관의 유동설계는 예상되는 모든 유체의 조건에서 배관의 설계수명 동안 적절한 흐름이 지속될 수 있는가를 결정하는 것이다. 장거리 자원이송망의 유동설계는 수송되는 유체의 물리적 특성, 유량, 온도와 압력, 배관의 길이와 고도, 배관이 횡단하는 지역의 환경 등 다양한 인자를 고려하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 극한지 자원이송망 건설프로젝트의 운전 자료를 분석하였으며, 배관 내 가스흐름에 영향을 끼치는 가스의 물리적 특성 중 동점성률과 압축계수를 살펴보았다. 배관내경은 몇몇 유동방정식을 사용하여 계산하였으며, 배관두께는 안전계수와 배관재료를 고려하여 계산하였다. 배관 내 마찰과 가스온도 및 배관고도로 인한 압력강하는 AGA 유동방정식을 사용하여 계산하였다. 본 연구에서 수행한 유동설계 결과는 알래스카 배관 프로젝트 보고서와 비교하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.162-172
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• 2004

Architects and designers of the 20th Century made various efforts to establish new design languages reflecting the changes of society, the times, and environment. They used furniture, especially chairs, as controversial items of aesthetic value, society and ideology. Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto are furniture designers as well as architects, who adopted this ‘spirit of the times’ actively and have greatly contributed to modernism. This study will help us to understand the diversity of design since modernism, by comparing these two designers' furniture design. It also covers the common factors In modern furniture design, and analyses their individuality and likeness In design. The following is a comparison of furniture design by Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto. Le Courbusier linked International design and Aalto linked Rational design and Organic concept design to their furniture, just as they did in their architecture. They were able to establish the base of modern furniture design by adapting new concepts and pursuing humanism. In structure, Le Corbusier's furniture Is simple and proportional. It demonstrates a sophisticated geometric composition, mechanical beauty. On the other hand, Aalto rationally linked nature with human requirements and his furniture is organic and in harmony with geometric structure. In function, Le Corbusier's furniture is standardized and prefabricated. He designed for the user so they could choose to use the furniture efficiently to suit their needs. In comparison with Le Corbusier, Aalto Invented the ‘Stacking Chair’ which allows a more effective use of space and reflected the structure of the human body to improve the user's comfort. In materials and techniques, Le Corbusier used new materials like metal or leather, and attempted new ways such as welding, prefabrication, and standardization for production. On the contrary, Alto mainly used birch, which is the traditional material in Finland, and tried new bent wood techniques and joining methods.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.74-82
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• 2011

All the phenomena and subjects of nature and society are within correlation interconnection, and they are inseparably connected one another. The elements of this interaction can be found out through the concept of transparency in the space composition of Korean traditional architecture. This study is focusing on the access space, in other words, a gate-house that is a buffer zone playing a process role up to the main space among successive spaces. It was chosen to be the subject of the study since it strengthens convergence into the main building and with the effect connecting spaces, it could show well the spatial possibility of transparency. Besides, the subject of the study is limited to the Moonru Multi roofs that improves the functionality of spaces between gate-houses, and it is intended to progress contents by comparative analysis of two kinds such as Seo Won gate-house and temple gate-house. Korean traditional architecture places emphasis on harmony within the whole spaces. There are intimate relations between surrounding environment, external spaces and internal spaces, and it is important understand the spatial relations according to the shape appearing through interactions of parts in the whole spaces. In conclusion, the Moonru Multi roofs is analyzed with the method of extracting the concept that is contained in the frame of analysis and through ecological views through a visible and structural method. It can be understood what kinds of method for communication were used for ancestors to recognize and use spaces with the deduced concept through the analysis of the Moonru Multi roofs with different character.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is the analyze the spatial structure and housing component of the prairie style house of Frank Lloyd Wright during the Prairie Era which is between 1893-1910. The research results can be summarized as follows 1) In spite of European style influences which were fashionable at the time, Wright tried to attempt altering the space and form of his works (houses) from his unique architectural style. 2) All solid walls which are usually inside the square prairie and the cross floor plans were removed for interaction between the outside and inside spaces in a house creating an organic space. So the inside space of the house feels wider than the original space because of the available natural light. 3) Frank Lloyd Wright's early works were similar to the homes built at that time. However, as time passed, he remembered and was influenced by the Frobel's educational system blocks he played with as a child as well as the surrounding Midwestern USA prairies where he grew up. 4) The early prairie floor plan was square divided into nine equal parts which is classic floor planning. Wright, however, created his new unique architectural style. His style has developed into the prairie style and various floor plans. 5) Wright introduced a 3-dimensional architectural form of composition (cantilever, long eaves, etc.) to express symmetry and horizontal lines of the house. 6) Rather than emphasizing vertical lines in his works, Wright began emphasizing more horizontal lines like the horizontal lines of the actual prairies. This meant the surrounding environment of a house is always in nature.