• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.353-360
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• 1997

The modeling on fire safety assessment for a tall and narrow atrium is carried out using a reduced and full scale atrium models based on the performances of flow behavior in and near comer fire and smoke ventilation system. The comer (or wall) effects on the flame behavior considering air entrainment into a flame was evaluated theoretically and experimentally. Temperature, upward velocity, inlet air velocity, and pressure difference between the atrium space and atmosphere were measured systematically in a reduced scale model. The performance of the modeling to estimate temperature rise and natural air ventilation volume was verified based on the experimental results. Smoke filling rate from a model fire source set at the center of a tall and narrow atrium is fastest in the other cases in which fire source set in or near a corner. This suggested that the centering of the fire source is acceptable as the fire source position to assess the fire safety design for a tall and narrow atrium.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.369-374
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• 2006

Quantification of infiltration rate is an important issue in HVAC system design. The infiltration in buildings depends on many uncertain parameters that vary with significant magnitude and hence, the results from standard deterministic simulation approach can be unreliable. The authors utilize uncertainty analysis In predicting the airflow rates. The paper presents relevant uncertain parameters such as meteorological data, building parameters (leakage areas of windows, doors, etc.), etc. Uncertainties of the aforementioned parameters are quantified based on available data from literature. Then, the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method was used for the uncertainty propagation. The LHS is one of the Monte Carlo simulation techniques that is suited for our needs. The CONTAMW was chosen to simulate infiltration phenomena in a residential apartment that is typical of residential buildings in Korea. It will be shown that the uncertainty propagating through this process is not negligible and may significantly influence the prediction of the airflow rates.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2018

This study is to research technical measures for improving energy efficiency in the conservation and reuse of historic buildings focused on the recent research trends and case studies of the west. These measures are broadly classified into three types, the passive measures for saving energy and increasing comfort, the most cost-effective energy saving strategies, and the renewable energy sources. Firstly, the passive measures are divided into the elements and systems. The passive elements are awnings and overhanging eaves, porches, shutters, storm windows and doors, and shade trees. There are also the natural ventilation systems such as the historic transoms, roofs and attics to improve airflow and cross ventilation to either distribute, or exhaust heat. Secondly, the most cost-effective energy efficiency strategies are the interior insulation, airtightness and moisture protection, and the thermal quality improvement of windows. The energy efficiency solutions of modern buildings are the capillary-active interior insulation, the airtightness and moisture protection of interior walls and openings, and the integration of the original historic window into the triple glazing. Beyond the three actions, the additional strategies are the heat recovery ventilation, and the illumination system. Thirdly, there are photovoltaic(PV) and solar thermal energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass, and geothermal energy in the renewable energy sources. These energy systems work effectively but it is vital to consider its visual effect on the external appearance of the building.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.587-589
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• 2009

The districts of underground geologic structure in Jeju island where underground air is distributed are lava cave, pyroclastic, open joint, and crushing zone. Such districts are identified to secure an enough airflow when air ventilation layer is to secure 25-35m in depth. In Jeju, Ground air is used for heating greenhouse and fertilizing natural $CO_2$ gas by suppling directly into greenhouse. But the heating method by suppling ground air into greenhouse directly bring about several problem. The occurrence of disease of the crops by high humidity is worried because the underground air which becomes discharge from underground air layer has over 90% relative humidity. The underground air is inadequate in heating for crops which need high temperature heating such as mangos, Hallbong and mandarin orange because the temperature of it is $15{\sim}18^{\circ}C$. Also There is worry where the ventilation loss becomes larger because the air pressure inside greenhouse is high by supplying underground air directly. In this study the heat pump system using underground air as heat source was developed and heating performance of the system was analysed. Heating COP of the system was 2.5~5.0 and rejecting heat into greenhouse and extracting heat from underground air were 40,000~27,000 kcal/h, 30,000~18,000 kcal/h respectively.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2009

The purpose of study was understanding necessity of environment design for underground parking lot in residential design plan and grasping design plans of 'Activity Support' that considerate women, exclude women's unsecured feeling at underground parking lot. The inquiry analyzed 6 design plan in design competition that considerate women according to precede studies, a theory of CPTED, a design guide for wayfinding, and survey. A ramp, circulation, entrance, lighting, ventilation, and space design plan are proceed on this study The result are as below. First, a rectilinear figure ramp suits entrance plan on the circulation, but if it is not possible, cross-using of rectilinear and curvilinear figure ramp plan is desirable. Second, on the circulation plan, vehicles circulation plan and equality parking distribution plan got accomplished generally, and help senses of direction because it is planed network systemize. On a large scale underground parking lot, simplify parking circulation to convenience entrance and exit for weak in sense of direction. Third, the shape and material that‘s environmentally conscious will be in use to the entrance plan. As the first stage to the underground, artwork that women prefer can modulate the rejection of underground space. Forth, natural lighting system and ventilation can make the environment-friendly space, decrease the women’s rejection to the underground, it can also keep a natural watch on the space. Fifth, on the space design plan, it can use bright and comfortable design of wall and ground to decrease the women‘s rejection, also it is useful to the sense of direction. LED indirect lighting plan that 58.7% of women prefers on survey reflects women’s state of desire that bright and atmosphere. In addition, proper use of plans that subsidiary facilities, rest area with Sunken, and nature-friendly material can minimize differences of underground and ground parking lot.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제11호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1997

In the process of modermization the problem of environment destruction has become a worldwide issue. And now this problem is a concern for all branches of science, including that of architectural desigv. This thesis tries to find the meaning of ecological architectural space, one that encreases the organic relationship, and communication, between architectrual space and urban environmental space, between human beings and architecture, and between human beings and their environment. As an example, we will take a look at the architectural space-design of Frei Otto, who offers diverse creative ecological architectural forms. His concept of architecture has the critical character when compared with the traditionan conventional concept of architecture. The ecological characteristics of his architectural spacedesign can be summarized as follows: The first characteristic is his ample use of natural objects in the architectural structure. An ample use of living things like trees and plants as well as of inanimate thing like water, wind as architectural elements enhances the functional efficiency of architecture. The second characteristic is its ecological architectural system, which saves energy faciliates ventilation by changing the position and direction of the building, by systematically applying the materials, and by efficiently arranging the inner space. The third characteristic is the dematerialization of architecture and the use of materials that are economical and appropriate for the circulation system of nature. The use of natural elements and recycling natural objects, makes it possible to reuse materials of the destroyed building. In short, the ecological architecture of Frei Otto, which shows the relation between human beings and architecture, presents diverse possibilities of the archtectural space as a complex natural system, which is more than a simple combination of separatge elements.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2007

This study attempted to analyze the characteristics of interior design of the apartment units of Model-houses in terms of ecological aspects. 9 companies that possessed their model houses among the construction companies in Busan area as of August 2006 were selected. 20 units in the model houses of these companies were visited and analyzed. Through literature review, the guideline for the environmentally-friendly residential design was designed and developed to the checklists. The data collected were analyzed to find out the ecological characteristics of the interior space of apartment units. The findings are the followings. First, energy efficiency was properly considered in terms of natural lighting and natural ventilation. Second, in sustainability, the materials for floors and walls could not be reused even though they were environmentally-friendly. Water system needs more improvement for sustainable development including grey-water and rain recycling system. Third, interior greening should be applied more for better environment both physically and emotionally. It is expected that future housing will be more high-risen and densely-populated apartment spaces. Therefore, an approach to new ecological aspects including an emphasis on interior greening, use of eco-materials and adhesives, water recycling and flexibility of the spatial configuration should be made for the next generation.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.418-427
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• 2004

최근 도시기후를 고려한 도시계획이 많은 나라에서 실용화되고 있다. 도시기후의 고려는 주로 도시의 바람 길 조성이라는 개념으로 구체화되고 있다. 도시의 바람 길 조성은 주로 하계에 도시지역의 열적 쾌적성을 개선하는 것을 목표로 한다. 아울러, 과학적 조사에 근거하여 도시의 단지계획을 합리적으로 함으로써 청정한 냉기류의 도심유입을 원활히 하여 도심의 대기오염을 저감하고자 하는 것도 목적으로 한다. 이 연구에서는, 수치실험을 통하여 전형적인 난후기일을 대상으로 대구지역의 국지순환풍이 지나는 바람의 길을 조사하였다. 그리고 이 바람에 의한 대기오염의 수송도 조사하였다. 수치실험에 사용한 모형은 RAMS(지역규모 대기모델)이다. 수치실험의 관심지역은 대구광역시 일대(약900$km^2$)이다. 수평규모는 약 30km이다. 수치실험은 일반풍이 약하고 쾌청한 일기조건을 갖는 늦봄의 기상조건 하에서 수행되었다. 수치실험의 결과 다음과 같은 3가지 결과를 얻었다: (1) 대구의 대표적 산지인 팔공산과 앞산에서 야간에 산정에서 복사냉각으로 생성된 국지풍이 지나는 길을 발견할 수 있었다. 그 바람은 대구의 동쪽 지역에서 중력류의 형태로 계곡을 따라서 흘러내렸다. (2) 평지에서는, 그 바람이 대구의 중심지를 지나 서쪽으로 흘러갔다. (3) 그 결과로, 대기오염물질은 야간에 국지풍에 의해 서쪽지역으로 수송되어졌다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.275-280
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• 2008

Photovoltaic(PV) permit the on-site production of electricity without concern for fuel supply or environmental adverse effects. The electrical power is produced without noise and little depletion of resources. So BIPV(Building-Integrated Photovoltaic) system have been increased around the world. Hereby the relative installation costs of the system will be relatively low compared to traditional installations of PV in high-rise buildings. This paper examined possibility of BIPV system of cold facade type and analyzed of performance of BIPV system of cold facade type. The system is influenced by conditions such as irradiation, module temperature, shade and architectural component etc. If this BIPV system of 1.1kW is possible the natural ventilation in the summer case, the temperature of PV module decrease and then the efficiency of PV system increase generally. By the results, the annual averaged PR of BIPV system of cold facade type is about 73.1%.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

본 연구는 온실에서의 제습장치 이용에 관한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 지하수를 냉매로 하는 열교환기 방식의 제습장치를 제작하여 제습성능을 시험하고, 포그냉방시스템을 설치한 온실에 적용하여 제습이 증발냉각효율의 향상에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 제습기 성능실험 결과 지하수를 냉매로 이용할 경우 포그냉방시스템을 적용한 온실의 제습은 충분히 가능한 것으로 확인되었다. 냉방 온실의 기온을 $32^{\circ}C$로 설정할 때 냉매인 지하수의 온도가 $15^{\circ}C$에서 18, 21, $24^{\circ}C$로 높아지면 제습량은 각각 $17.7\%,\;35.4\%,\;52.8\%$ 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 유량을 $75\%,\;50\%$로 줄이면 제습량은 각각 $12.1\%,\; 30.5\%$ 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때 지하수를 이용한 제습기의 설계에 있어서 이용 가능한 유량과 온도가 중요한 인자임을 알 수 있다. 포그냉방 온실에 제습기를 설치함으로서 뚜렷한 냉방효율 개선을 확인할 수 있었다. 환기율 0.7 회${\cdot}min^{-1}$정도의 자연환기 상태에서 포.1냉방 온실의 환기에 의한 제습율은 53.9%~74.4%였으며, 제습기를 가동할 경우 75.4~95.9까지 높아졌다. 제습기 설계유량과 $18^{\circ}C$의 지하수를 사용할 경우 0.36회 ${\cdot}min^{-1}$ 정도의 환기율에서도 포그시스템 작동으로 인하여 발생하는 분무량을 완전히 제거할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 제습기를 이용하여 자연환기 온실에서의 포그 냉방 효율을 충분히 높힐 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.