• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.301-309
• /
• 2014

Nesfatin-1, an anorexic nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2)-derived hypothalamic peptide, controls appetite and energy metabolism. Recent studies show that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 is expressed not only in the brain but also in gastric and adipose tissues. Thus, we investigated the distributions of nesfatin-1/NUCB2 in various tissues of male and female mice by real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Real-time PCR analyses showed that NUCB2 mRNA was predominantly expressed in the pituitary and at lower levels in the hypothalamus, spleen, thymus, heart, liver, and muscle of both male and female mice. Expression was much higher in reproductive organs, such as the testis, epididymis, ovary, and uterus, than in the hypothalamus. Western blot analysis of the nesfatin-1 protein level showed similar results to the real-time PCR analyses in both male and female mice. These results suggest that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 have widespread physiological effects in endocrine and non-endocrine organs. In addition, immunohistochemical staining revealed that nesfatin-1 was localized in interstitial cells, including Leydig cells and in the columnar epithelium of the epididymis. Nesfatin-1 was also expressed in theca cells and interstitial cells in the ovary and in epithelial cells of the endometrium and uterine glands in the uterus. These results suggest that nesfatin-1 is a novel potent regulator of steroidogenesis and gonadal function in male and female reproductive organs. Further studies are required to elucidate the functions of nesfatin-1 in various organs of male and female mice.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.746-762
• /
• 2016

This study considers expression techniques and aesthetic values in the images of head dress reflected in a natural motif. The conclusions of the study are as follows. The first type is the realistic expression (52.4%) such as the reproduction of a natural object's essential form (27.0%), the partial derivation of the natural object (19.3%), and the planarization for the actual image of the natural object (6.1%). The second type is a metaphorical expression (39.0%) which emphasizes the morphological characteristics of nature (18.2%), the structuration of the natural object's silhouette into a three-dimensional or two-dimensional form (11.5%), and the abstract expression of the form in the natural object (9.3%). The third type is a hybrid expression (8.6%) that is a compromise between practical (or metaphorical expressions) so that expression techniques represent a compromise between the natural object's essential form and abstract expression (4.6%) or the combination of the natural object's silhouette into a three-dimensional or a two-dimensional visualization (4.0%). Aesthetic head dress values reflected in the natural motif first indicate a primitive value. This state of natural instinct recreates the natural object or combines part of the biological elements of the natural object to create an inducement to escape from the practical world. The second is amusement in the expression of animals in dynamic and humorous forms creates an illusion of animals being alive with a representative playful enjoyment. The third is abstraction that grant freedom in the observer's aesthetic rational through a reinterpretation of the fashion designer. The fourth is eclecticism where a compromise represents an act of mixing a variety of independent factors to create harmony with the imagery of nature created through the grafting of diverse expression techniques that break away from stereotypes of existing natural objects to create a type of nature that cultivates new values.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.353-361
• /
• 2012

Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are a potential source of cells for developmental studies and for a variety of applications in transplantation therapies and drug discovery. However, human ES cells are difficult to culture and maintain at a large scale, which is one of the most serious obstacles in human ES cell research. Culture of human ES cells on MEF cells after disassociation with accutase has previously been demonstrated by other research groups. Here, we confirmed that human ES cells (H9) can maintain stem cell properties when the cells are passaged as single cells under a feeder-free culture condition. Accutase-dissociated human ES cells showed normal karyotype, stem cell marker expression, and morphology. We prepared frozen stocks during the culture period, thawed two of the human ES cell stocks, and analyzed the cells after culture with the same method. Although the cells revealed normal expression of stem cell marker genes, they had abnormal karyotypes. Therefore, we suggest that accutase-dissociated single cells can be usefully expanded in a feeder-free condition but chromosomal modification should be considered in the culture after freeze-thawing.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.241-246
• /
• 2013

To effects of sex maturation in olive flounder by regulating long photoperiod, gonadal development and GTH mRNA expression in the pituitary were investigated. Photoperiod was treated natural photoperiod and long photoperiod (15L:9D) conditions from September 2011 to March 2012. The results showed that natural photoperiodic group showed a higher gonadosomatic index (GSI) than long photoperiodic group during the spawning season (March 2012). The histological analysis of ovarian tissue showed that natural photoperiod group of ovaries contained vitellogenic oocytes, but long photoperiod group of ovaries mainly contained perinucleolus staged oocyte and oil-drop staged oocytes. The FSH mRNA of olive flounder, under natural photoperiod group, showed a significantly higher expression but no significant difference under long photoperiod group. The $LH{\beta}$ mRNA showed a significantly higher expression only under natural photoperiod group. These results may suggest that long photoperiodic information regulates secretion of pituitary FSH and LH and maintain early growing stage of gonadal development in this species.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.175-187
• /
• 2015

Body painting according to physical types is a method to express the body as it exists in nature or as an active element of nature. There is a need to research physical formation that applies the trend of contemporary naturalism to the types of nature art by emphasizing the artistic value of body painting with natural environmental overtones. Importantly, body painting according to physical types attempts an intact reproduction of natural objects and the reflection of the beauty of natural objects in body painting. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze body painting according to physical types based on the types of nature art. The methodology of the study included theoretical and empirical review. Theoretical review examined the characteristics of physical formation in nature art and relevant nature art works and body painting of physical types through previous research and literature. The empirical review applied analyses to works extracted from web sites of body painting. The study included physical type cases extracted from body painting works from 2005 to 2015 in foreign web sites(www.ilovebodyart.com and www.angel cakebodyart.com). Body painting works were based on the characteristics of physical types. As a result, the body painting of physical types based on nature art is as follows. First, organic continuity with nature art through the artists'thoughts and beliefs. Second, the specificity of place that respects the natural phenomenon itself. Third, the creative diversity of formative shapes for the body. Fourth, the social implications of body painting with human empathy. Fifth, immediacy to embody the artistic will of the artist. Finally, the application of physical types according to affinity with nature, as well as an independent artistic entity.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2022

As the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations increases, various side effects are being reported, and menstrual abnormalities have been reported as a side effect in women. However, it is still unclear whether the COVID-19 vaccine has detrimental effects on the female reproductive system. Therefore, we investigated the effect of excessive immune response on reproductive function by administering Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) instead of the COVID-19 vaccine. The immune response in mice was induced by injection of LPS. Mice injected with saline 5 times were used as a control group, and mice injected with LPS 5 times were used as an experimental group. Repeated administration of LPS significantly reduced the number of corpus luteum (CL). On the other hand, the injection of LPS did not affect the development of follicles leading before the CL. The expression of the apoptosis-related genes Fas and Fas-L increased in the experimental group. In addition, the expression of the inflammation-related genes increased in the experimental group. In this study, we confirmed that LPS had detrimental effects on the uterus and ovaries in mice. These results suggest that injection of LPS can cause immune reactions within the uterus and ovaries and cause hormonal changes, which can have adverse effects such as abnormal operation or bleeding of the menstrual cycle. These results are expected to help determine the cause of decreased reproductive function, infertility, or physiological disorders caused by the COVID-19 vaccine.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2024

In eukaryotes, RNA splicing, an essential biological process, is crucial for precise gene expression. Inaccurate RNA splicing can cause aberrant mRNA production, disrupting protein synthesis. To regulate splicing efficiency, some splicing factors are reported to undergo Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO)ylation. Our data indicate that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the SUMO protease, Ulp2, is involved in splicing. In the ulp2Δ mutant, some ribosomal protein (RP) transcripts exhibited a significant increase in the levels of intron-containing pre-mRNA because of improper splicing. Moreover, we confirmed Ulp2 protein binding to the intronic regions of RP genes. These findings highlight a critical Ulp2 role in RP transcript splicing.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 2001

담배가루이(B biotype)의 온도조건과 기주별로 발육과 생식에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 알에서 성충까지의 발육기간은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 86.2일이었고, $30^{\circ}C$에서는 17.0일로 온도가 높아질수록 약 5배 짧았다. 알, 약충 그리고 알에서 성충까지의 발육영점온도는 각각 $10.1^{\circ}C$, $11.6^{\circ}C$, $11.1^{\circ}C$였고, 유효적산온도는 각각 110.3, 204.7, 317.3일도였다. 부화율은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 87.0%, 우화율(부화유충에서 성충까지)은 $20^{\circ}C$에서 76.7%로 높았다. 성충수명은 $20^{\circ}C$에서 23.6일이었고, $30^{\circ}C$에서는 14.0일로 온도가 높을수록 짧았다. 그리고 암컷한마리당 평균 총산란수는 $25.0^{\circ}C$에서 103.3개로 가장 많았으나 온도간에 유의성은 없었다. 1세대당 순증식율($R_{o}$)은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 97.33로 가장 높았다. 그리고 내적자연증가율($r_{m}$)은 온도가 높아 질수록 높아졌으며, $30.0^{\circ}C$에서 0.196으로 가장 높았다. 토마토, 고추, 가지, 포인세치아를 기주로 $25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 알에서 우화까지의 발육기간은 각각 21.2, 28.1, 22.2, 25.5일이었다. 부화율은 고추에서 90.3%로 가장 높았고, 우화율은 가지에서 89.6%로 가장 높았다. 성충수명은 가지에서 26.5일로 가장 길었고, 고추에서 가장 짧았다. 암컷 한마리당 평균 산란수는 토마토와 가지에서 많았다. 1세대당 순증식율($R_{o}$)은 가지에서 106.1로 가장 높았고, 내적자연증가율($r_{m}$)은 토마토에서 0.165로 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과로 담배가루이의 성장에 적합한 온도범위는 $25~30^{\circ}C$이었고, 가장 적합한 기주식물은 토마토와 가지로 분석되었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.269-279
• /
• 2000

최근 많은 연구자들에 의해 무혈청 배양 체계에 대한 관심이 증가해가고 있다. 이러한 연구 동향에 대한 접근의 일환으로 GAGs의 첨가는 무혈청 배양 체계 확립의 가능성을 제시해 주었을 뿐만 아니라 수정란 이식에 있어서도 동질의 수정란을 공급할 수 있는 배양 체계 확립으로의 접근이 가능해졌다. 특히, 배양액에 혈청인자의 대체물질로 hyaluronic acid 0.1, 0.5, 1.0mg/$m\ell$의 첨가와 chondroitin sulfate 0.5mg/$m\ell$ 을 첨가하였을 때 혈청의 대체효과가 나타났는데, 이러한 결과를 통해 혈청인자 대신 GAGs를 첨가함으로써 기존의 포유동물의 체외배양에 있어 혈청 첨가에 의해 발생되는 세포 이상과 기형을 줄이고, 각 혈청 인자간에서 생기는 조성분의 차이를 줄이므로 생명 공학 연구의 기초적인 연구 자료가 될 뿐 아니라 수정란 이식에 있어 더욱 체계적이고 보편적인 배양 효과를 가져올 것으로 사료된다. 그러므로 더 나아가 GAGs의 다양한 조합을 통한 배양액 첨가와 시기별로 다른 순차적 (sequencial) 첨가에 의한 수정란의 발달에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.713-720
• /
• 1998

유용 증양식 대상종으로 새끼를 낳는 볼락을 재료로하여 수온과 광주기 조절이 성숙과 번식주기에 미치는 효과를 파악하고, 출산시기의 제어 가능성을 검토하였다. 월별 GSI의 변화에서 암컷은 Exp.II와 III에서는 서로 큰 차이없이 11월부터 증가하기 시작하여 1월에 각각 13.0과 14.7로 최고값이 되었다. 수온과 광주기를 각각 2 개월씩 늦춘 Exp.I에서 조절에 반응하였던 어미들은 Exp.II와 III에 비해 1개월 늦어진 2월에 15.0으로 최고 값을 나타냈다. 그러나 Exp.I에서 조절에 반응하지 않았던 어미들은 전 실험기간 동안 0.5 이하로 낮게 유지되다. 수컷 GSI의 월별변화는 실험구에서 9월부터 증가하기 시작하여 Exp.I에서는 10월, Exp.II와 III에서는 11월에 각각 최고값을 보인후 급격히 감소하였으며, 실험구별로 차이를 나타내지 않았다. HSI의 월별 변화는 GSI와는 서로 상반된 경향을 나타냈으며, 수온과 광주기의 조절은 실험구별 어체의 GSI와 비만도의 변화에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 실험구별 생식소의 발달단계를 관찰한 결과, Exp.I에서 수온과 광주기 조절에 반응하였던 개체들의 난소는 Exp.II와 III에 비해 성숙과 출산이 지연되는 조직상을 나타냈으나, 정소에서는 실험구별 발달단계의 차이를 인정할 수 없었다. 수온과 광주기를 자연상태로 유지한 것과 이를 2개월 늦춘 실험구를 설정하여 사육한 결과, 암컷 볼락은 대조구 (Exp.II와 III)에 비해 조절구 (Exp.I-r)에서 성숙과 출산이 1$\~$2개월 지연된 반면, 수컷에서는 수온과 광주기의 조절 효과가 인정되지 알았다.