• 수산경영론집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-74
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• 1991

Interest on ocean environment has increased with the development of industrialized activities. Public marine resorces are defined broadly to include fish stocks, beaches, marine waters, recreational fishing, biota, waterfowls, shorebirds, seabirds and marine mammals But, it is not easy to analyze compensation for injury to publicly owned marine resources because the claimants do not exist clearly and the economic methodology of damage on public goods is not developed fully. This paper introduces basic idea of welfare economic theory and environmental legislation to the research question : How the economics and law can be applied to the case of damage on publicly owned marine resource. The paper discusses the concepts of willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to accept (WTA). It is accepted generally that WTA is correct concept of welfare change in the case of damaged public goods. Four methods (compensating variation, equivalent variation, compensating surplus, equivalent surplus of measuring welfare changes are compared. Compensating variation(CV) is the best measure of welfare changes are compared. Compensating variation(CV) is the best measure of welfare changes caused by environmental damage. Vartia (1983) showed CV could be measured from the ordinary demand function using the differential equations. This paper also provides an overview of the emerging U.S. and Korea legal system for compensation for natural resource damages, with particular emphasis on U.S. legal system under Comprehensive Environmen-tal Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). These regulations are to include two different types of standardized procedures for assessing natural resources injury : Type A or simplified assessment techniques for small releases ; and Type B protocols that would include detailed and extensive assessment methodologies for major releases. Type A procedures are specified by Natural Resources Damage Assessment Model for Coastal and Marine Environment (NRDAM/CME) of the U.S. CERCLA provides a legal 'legitimization for the use of economic-based nonmarket valuation in the courts and have introduced appropriate and accurate nonmarket valuation methods based on willingness to-pay for damage assessment. By briefly reviewing economic theory and environmental legislation, we hope to help provide a better understanding of the compensation process and the economics of publicly owned marine resources in the U.S. and to integrate the economics and law of natural resources valuation into a single comprehensive package in Korea.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2019

This study aims to determine problems of the damage investigation system of aquaculture products resulting from natural disaster and to deduce improvement plans for such problems. The main problems revealed from this study were as follows: 1) detailed damage investigation is carried out only by one particular organization, 2) for aquaculture insurance subscribers another detailed damage investigation is conducted to reveal the causes of natural disaster by a joint investigator team formed according to a different legislation with a different purpose, 3) damage investigation is usually suffered from lack of labor, budget and time due to the restriction of natural damage to a certain period of season leading to the absence of quick reaction capability for irresistible natural disasters, and 4) there are no specified procedures and protocols for deciphering causes of a natural demage. The improvement plans to find solutions for such problems are as follows: 1) for the investigation, the object, method and role of the investigation organization should be clarified by improving the present legislation, 2) investigation methods for determining the demage causes should be systematized by making a manual to minimize disputes, and 3) supports for the investigation organization should be institutionalized to guarantee sufficient budget and manpower. Under the present circumstance with continuous natural damages, smooth procedures of damage compensation would lead to the management stability of aquaculture farms.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.1044-1057
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• 2014

This study has seen about a indemnity system of fishery damage by natural disasters such as a problem and improvement methods of government aid system and system on accident insurance for cultured fishery products. Recently, in the situation that the demage of aquaculture industry caused by frequent typhoon resulted from global warming and abnormal changed of weather is nasty, the accident insurance for cultured fishery products is necessary to show its true quality and to protect fishers against natural disasters owing to the limitation of government's aid for them. However, The objects of accident insurance for cultured fishery products which is progress on, is too short to apply, so that it is absolutely insufficient to fulfill the demands of culturing fishermen. Therefore, It could be a certain preparation to magnify the range of object items of it and to convert the trial industry being adjusted to limited area into full scale industry to adjust over all nationally. Furthermore, This insurance is complicated and strict to join rather than other insurances. As it can be seen by examples that got in trouble, despite culturing fishermen applied to join the insurance, they took all demage because the insurance was not realized. So, It is hard to say that causes impute the responsibility of it to the authority of insurance, not culturing fishery. They should simplify the registration process, limit the period each registration process and consider a countermeasure to complete it. Concerning compensation for the loss, agriculture part is easier to investigate the loss due to remained dead crop damaged by natural disaster, meanwhile, in fishing part, especially in case of cultivation of fish, it is difficult to investigate the loss and demage because crops are blown all together with typhoon when it comes plus the facilities of them are also very old. Consequently to solve the problem needs more positive attitude as it is policy insurance.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2006년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.322-326
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• 2006

국가배상법 제5조 영조물책임법리에 적용되는 대표적인 영조물에는 인공공물인 도로와 자연공물인 하천이 있다. 최근 하천범람과 수재로 인한 국민들의 피해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있고, 국민들도 더 이상 천재로 보지 않고 인재로 보고 국가배상을 청구하는 경향이 있다. 특히 하천의 범람, 하천제방의 붕괴로 인한 수해가 빈번히 발생하였고, 개수중인 하천에서 다시 수해가 발생하는 경우도 일어나고 있다. 그리하여 국가는 하천관리상의 하자로 인한 손해발생에 대한 책임을 떠맡아야 하며, 하천관리시설의 확충과 내실화를 기울여야 함과 아울러 책임범위를 확대해야 하는 시점에 왔다고 본다. 따라서 본 연구의 범위는 국가배상법 제5조 영조물의 설치 관리상의 하자로 인한 손해배상 중 하천관리상의 국가배상에 한정하기로 한다. 이러한 범위내에서 자연공물에 해당하는 하천관리상의 하자로 인한 손해배상에 관한 제반 법리와 판례를 분석 검토함에 따라 하천관리를 둘러싼 국가배상책임에 관한 문제점과 대처방안을 모색하는데 연구의 목적이 있다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2013

지구온난화에 따른 기후변화로 인하여 자연재해의 발생빈도와 강도가 증가함에 따라 조경분야에도 피해가 늘어나는 추세이다. 이는 법률적 분쟁으로 이어져 사회적 경제적 피해도 증가하고 있고 있다. 특히, 외부환경에 영향을 많이 받는 조경수목의 경우 자연재해로 인한 피해를 많이 받고 있으나, 이에 대한 피해판정기준이나 재해기준의 구체적인 범위가 설정되어 있지 않아 피해 복구 및 보상에 많은 문제가 발생하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 자연재해로 인한 조경수목의 피해 관련기준의 개선방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 조경수목의 피해사례 및 판례를 분석하고, 한국과 일본의 자연재해 관련 법제도 및 기준의 비교 분석을 시행하였다. 판례분석 결과, 자연재해로 조경분야 피해는 명확한 법적 근거가 제시되어 있지 않아, 감정인의 소견이 판정결과에 많은 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이에 전문적이고 객관적인 감정절차가 요구됨을 알 수 있었다. 자연재해 관련 법제도 및 기준 비교분석에 있어, 우리나라의 경우 조경수목에 대한 자연재해 관련 법규 및 기준이 미흡하였으며, 일본의 경우 조경수목에 대한 구체적인 재해판정 기준이 제시되어 있었다. 이에 조경분야 자연재해 관련 제도 및 기준의 개선을 위해 '관련 법령 개정', '감정 및 손해사정 기준개정', '조경공사 표준시방서개정', '재해보험가입의무화', '계약에 따른 합리적 이행', '재해복구 비용계상 의무화' 등을 개선방향으로 제안하였다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.9-35
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• 2004

우리나라는 1994년에 우주센터가 건설되어 1995년부터 본격적인 우주개발시대로 진입하게 되었으며 2002년 11월 28일 충남 해상의 한 기지에서 우리나라가 독자적으로 개발한 액체추진로켓인 KSR-III(3단형 과학로켓)가 성공적으로 발사됨에 따라 2005년까지 100kg급 소형위성 발사체를 개발하고 2010년까지는 저궤도 실용위성 및 발사체를 자력으로 개발하는 등 자력에 의한 우주발사체제를 갖추게 되었다. 그러므로 위성발사를 위한 로켓의 시험발사를 자주 하게 됨으로 발사사고에 대한 법적 처리를 대비하기 위하여 지금 추진 중인 우주개발진흥법안 제14조에서는 우주물체이용에 따른 손해배상책임을 규정하여 입법적으로 해결하고 있다. 그러나 동법 안 제15조에서는 보험 가입을 강제성을 띠어 의무적으로 하여야 하는데 이에 대하여 명백히 규정하고 있는 것이 아니라 우주물체를 대한민국 영토, 영해 및 영공 내에서 발사할때 과학기술부 장관의 허가를 받도록 하면서, 필요한 경우에 당해장관이 손해배상을 목적으로 하는 보험부보를 허가요건으로 정할 수 있다고 규정하고 있을 뿐이다. 피해자를 확실히 보호하고 책임의 분산을 위해서도 강제성을 띤 의무조항으로 규정하여야 한다. 더 나아가 정부는, 우주산업은 지식 및 노동집약산업으로 그 부가가치가 높고 에너지가 덜 들고 다른 산업에 미치는 기술 파급효과가 대단히 큰 산업이므로 우주개발중장기 기본 계획을 보완하여 우주산업 분야에 집중 투자할 필요가 있다고 생각한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2022

A report released by the Chinese Maritime Court found that the natural environment and other objective factors have greatly reduced the risk of ship collision accidents with the advancement of technologies. However, collisions between merchant ships and fishing boats occur frequently along the coast during fishing seasons, which should be highly valued. International conventions and domestic legislation in China comprise detailed laws with respect to ship collisions, but the theory of ship collision infringement needs to be improved, enriched, and developed. Meanwhile, the development of the tort liability law provides theoretical support for ship collision infringement. As far as China's ship tort legal system is concerned, the research on ship collision tort damage compensation is relatively extensive, and the constitutive elements and causality of ship collision tort liability have also been studied in depth. The purpose of this paper is to explore the domestic legislation applicable to disputes related to ship collisions in China. As these laws are unclear on the resolution of disputes resulting from ship collisions, significant attention has been focused on the final judgments by the Supreme Court of China (SPC), as well as the judicial judgments set by the Maritime Court of China.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 PSC 거더 교량의 가속도-임피던스 응답 특성을 이용하는 손상 모니터링에 있어 온도유발 불확실성의 영향을 분석하였다. 먼저, 전역적 및 국부 진동 특성을 이용한 손상 모니터링 기법을 설계하였다. 전역적 및 국부 특성으로 각각 가속도 및 전기-역학적 임피던스 특성을 선정하였다. 다음으로 모형 PSC 거더 교량을 이용하여 온도유발 가속도-임피던스 응답 특성을 실험적으로 분석하였다. 실험 결과로부터 온도-가속도 및 온도-임피던스 응답 특징들에 대한 보정식을 산출하였다. 마지막으로 긴장력 감소 및 휨 강성 저하 경우들이 실험된 모형 PSC 거더를 대상으로 산출된 보정식을 이용한 가속도-임피던스기반 손상 모니터링 기법의 유용성이 평가되었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2016

In this study, the plan to construct a disaster information categorization system that can be objectively and efficiently performed was suggested in order to perform disaster management task systematically. Recently, the damage of natural disasters is gradually growing larger and faster, increasing the economic loss. Especially, as for the domestic storm damage, the damage from strong wind was found to be greater than the damage from torrential rain. Also, strong wind was found to be inflicting a great damage on human life, property and agricultural crops, so the necessity to study damage restoration from strong wind is increasing. Nevertheless, the damage items categorized in the domestic disaster year book are often comprehensive or unclear in criteria, and thus fail to reflect items or matters due to actual disaster damage. It is difficult to aggregate damage accurately such that it does not correspond to the national compensation scope or the damage amount is calculated according to subjective judgment of the investigator in charge. As such, if the disaster information management is inadequate by not applying accurate categorization criteria from damage amount calculation, there can be an issue with fairness when paying the damage support aid. Therefore, this study suggested a categorization plan for objective and efficient execution of disaster information management task in order to resolve such issues. It is expected that quick and efficient execution would be possible in disaster information management and task procedure domestically by constructing systematic categorization system related to disaster information.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2021

Objectives: To analyze the reports of qualitative research about natural disasters in Korea. Methods: Nine published qualitative research studies were selected for the analysis. The selected reports were analyzed by Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ), a reporting guideline for qualitative research. In addition, each subject of the study was qualitatively synthesized. Results: In the quality assessment using COREQ, detailed information about the researchers were insufficient. The results of the studies were integrated into six themes: "Disaster experience", "Disaster damage", "Dealing with disasters", "Disaster compensation issues", "Arbitration Resources", and "Post-disaster change". Conclusions: In further qualitative research on natural disasters, it is necessary to report the research according to the COREQ checklist. Based on the results of this study, continuous attention and research are needed to explore the areas of Korean medicine care in the event of a disaster.