• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.697-706
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the consumption behaviors for purchase of Home Meal Replacement (HMR) products and importance and satisfaction on selective attributes of HMR in middle-aged adults by gender. The subjects were 919 middle-aged adults (400 males and 519 females; 40 to 64 years) residing in Seoul and its metropolitan area, who have HMR purchasing experience. The survey was conducted from January to August 2018. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 program. Consumption frequency of HMR products in male and female subjects was 1-2 times a month by 42.3% and 40.8% and 4-6 times a month by 26.8% and 19.8%, respectively (p<0.05). Reasons for purchasing HMR in male and female subjects were shown significantly different from saving time by 44.8% and 50.5% and easy cooking by 25.8% and 16.6%, respectively (p<0.01). HMR products with high preference and satisfaction for the subjects included Gimbap, precooked dried rice, and frozen food. According to the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), selective attributes of HMR with high importance and low satisfaction in the second quadrant were food additives, origin, nutrient content, and price, for both male and female subjects; additionally, hygiene was a factor included only by female subjects. Therefore, these results suggest that it is needed to consider to produce HMR products with improved qualities using reliable food materials and ingredients and to maintain competitive pricing for the expansion of HMR products consumption of middle-aged adults.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2012년도 전기공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.257-257
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• 2012

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.890-893
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• 2012

가스 하이드레이트란 물이 형성하는 수소 결합의 격자 구조 내로 저분자량의 기체 분자가 포집되며 형성하는 결정성 화합물이다. 가스 하이드레이트는 작은 고체 부피 내에 막대한 양의 기체 분자를 저장할 수 있다는 특징으로 인해 에너지 가스의 수송/저장 매체로 주목받고 있다. 또한 심해저와 영구 동토지역에 천연적으로 형성되어 부존되어 있는 막대한 양의 천연가스 하이드레이트를 미래 청정 에너지원으로 활용하기 위한 연구도 진행 중에 있다. 본 연구에서는 천연가스의 수송/저장 매체로 가스 하이드레이트의 활용 가능성을 확인하기 위하여, 메탄, 에탄, 프로판이 각각 90.0, 7.0, 3.0 mol% 포함된 합성 천연가스를 사용하여 가스 하이드레이트 형성과 형성시의 거동 변화를 측정하였다. 268 K 및 50 bar의 조건에서 형성된 천연가스 하이드레이트 시료에 대해 고체상 NMR 및 고분해능 분말 XRD 분석을 통하여 시료의 결정 구조 확인 및 미세 분자 거동을 확인하였다. 실험 결과를 통해 형성된 천연가스 하이드레이트는 구조-II인 것을 확인하였으며, 구조-II의 두 가지 동공 중 작은 동공은 메탄이, 그리고 큰 동공은 메탄, 에탄, 프로판 모든 성분들이 포집되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 NMR 분광 분석법과 기체 크로마토그래피를 사용하여 기체 및 고체 조성을 분석한 결과, 천연가스의 성분별 포집도에 차이가 있는 것을 알 수 있었는데, 순수한 기체를 기준으로 하였을 때 가스 하이드레이트를 더 잘 형성할 수 있는 프로판, 에탄, 메탄의 순으로 포집 경향이 나타남을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2009

University students tend to have various dietary problems including undesirable dietary behaviors, inadequate intakes of nutrients and biased habits of liquid consumption. This study was conducted to find dietary behaviors (n = 357) by questionnaire survey and to examine dietary nutrient intakes (n = 60) and liquid consumption (n = 853) by food record method for 3-days among university students attended in K University of Chungnam province in Korea. Most subjects lived in the dormitory or self-boarding house, and they skipped breakfast most frequently and took breakfast most irregularly among three meals. Dietary mean intakes of energy, Ca, vitamin B2 and folate were lower than the KDRI (37-85%), and those of males were poorer than those of females. Ratios of energy intake among three meals and snacks were not distributed evenly, so the mean energy intake from snacks was higher and that from breakfast was lower than the ideal ratio, respectively. Daily mean consumption of liquid was 1,526.4 mL/d for males and 1,151.5 mL/d for females, and these intakes were more than the KDRI (1,300 mL/d for males and 1,100 mL/d for females). However, their sources of liquid consumption were not desirable because alcohol, soda, juice of fruit or vegetable and beverage mixed with fruit juice and/or vegetable juice were major sources of liquid as well as drinking water. These findings show that university students have poor dietary behaviors including frequent skipping of breakfast, irregularity of meals, inadequate intakes of nutrients and undesirable pattersirablliquid consumption including high portion of alcohol and soda as alliquid source, and these trends were stronger for males than for females. Therefore, we should endeavor to correct their meal problems id ated to dietary behaviors, nutrient intakes and liquid consumptions through nutrition education.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.441-457
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• 2005

외국학술잡지의 인용 분석을 통하여 이용행태를 파악하였다. 인용 분석은 J시 소재 J대학교에 재직 중인 교수들이 2002년부터 2003년까지 2년 동안 국내학술잡지에 게재한 논문 258편에서 인용된 외국학술잡지 총4.749건 중 공학 1,030건, 자연과학 741건. 사회과학 2,286건, 인문과학 636건, 예체능 56건이 사용되었다. 분석 결과를 보면 공학, 자연과학, 사회과학 분야는 단행본보다 학술잡지를 많이 인용하고 있었고 $68.2\%$가 SCI급에 등재된 학술잡지를 인용하고 있었으며, 발행연도가 6-10년 이내의 학술잡지를 가장 많이 인용하였다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제28권
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• pp.6.1-6.7
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• 2013

Objectives In this study, we investigated the influence of ionic strength and natural organic matter (NOM) on aggregation and soil adsorption of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Methods Time-resolved dynamic light scattering measurements and batch adsorption experiments were used to study their aggregation and soil adsorption behaviors, respectively. Results The aggregation rate of AgNPs increased with increasing ionic strength and decreasing NOM concentration. At higher ionic strength, the AgNPs were unstable, and thus tended to be adsorbed to the soil, while increased NOM concentration hindered soil adsorption. To understand the varying behaviors of AgNPs depending on the environmental factors, particle zeta potentials were also measured as a function of ionic strength and NOM concentration. The magnitude of particle zeta potential became more negative with decreasing ionic strength and increasing NOM concentration. These results imply that the aggregation and soil adsorption behavior of AgNPs were mainly controlled by electrical double-layer repulsion consistent with the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory. Conclusions This study found that the aggregation and soil adsorption behavior of AgNPs are closely associated with environmental factors such as ionic strength and NOM and suggested that assessing the environmental fate and transport of nanoparticles requires a thorough understanding of particle-particle interaction mechanisms.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2016

In order to realize the virtual prototyping (VP) of digital products, it is important to provide the people involved in product development with the appropriate visualization and interaction of the products, and the vivid simulation of user interface (UI) behaviors in an interactive 3D virtual environment. In this paper, we propose an approach to web-based 3D virtual experience using Unity and Leap Motion. We adopt Unity as an implementation platform which easily and rapidly implements the visualization of the products and the design and simulation of their UI behaviors, and allows remote users to get an easy access to the virtual environment. Additionally, we combine Leap Motion with Unity to embody natural and immersive interaction using the user's hand gesture. Based on the proposed approach, we have developed a testbed system for web-based 3D virtual experience and applied it for the design evaluation of various digital products. Button selection test was done to investigate the quality of the interaction using Leap Motion, and a preliminary user study was also performed to show the usefulness of the proposed approach.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2014

The kapok fibers which are the functional fiber materials having natural hollows are environment friendly materials the demand and interest of which are increasing. The kapok fibers are environment friendly and natural hollow fibers which are 5-8 times lighter than cottons and have excellent performances in thermo keeping property, air permeability, bulkiness and resilience. In this study, the pretreatment according to the dyeing behaviors of kapok fibers were studied. Pretreatment(scouring, bleaching) were a variety of conditions. Scouring and bleaching, images of changed surfaces and cross-sections and dyeing behaviors of the dye-o-meter according to the concentration measured in meters and compared. Although the final exhaustion ratio of the kapok fibers scoured with a high concentration recipe was almost as same as that of the kapok fibers bleached with a high concentration recipe, the initial absorption speed of the kapok fibers scoured with the high concentration recipe was faster than that of the kapok fibers bleached with the high concentration recipe.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2013

비충전, 카본블랙 충전, 그리고 실리카 충전 천연고무(NR) 복합체를 원형 변형 상태로 $60-90^{\circ}C$에서 노화시켜 회복 거동을 조사하였다. 시험편은 공기와 물을 매일 교대로 교체하는 교매질 시스템 하에서 노화시켰다. 충전시스템에 따른 회복률의 순서는 비보강 > 실리카 보강 > 카본블랙 보강 순이었다. 공기에서 물로 교체하는 교매질 시스템에서 노화된 시험편의 회복률이 물에서 공기로 교체하는 교매질 시스템에서 노화된 시험편의 회복률보다 더 컸다. 최초 노화 매질은 변형 정도에 지배적으로 영향을 끼쳤다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.142-151
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• 2004

This study was designed to determine whether visitor behavior at science museums differs across various exhibit styles and between Family and Non Family groups. Eight exhibits in the natural history sections of the national science museum located in Daejeon were identified to have distinctive characteristics and styles. At each selected exhibit, visitor behavior was observed for an hour. An average of eighty people stopped by each exhibit. Descriptive analyses of visitors behaviors showed that: 1) families spent more time than non-family visitors; 2) families paid more attention to exhibits, for instance, they talked and commented about the exhibits; 3) exhibit characteristics related to holding power and attention span; 4) families more frequently visited exhibits related to school curriculum rather than ones that looked attractive, fun or novel. Visitors did not play with sensory simulation types of exhibits as much as expected. This implicates that exhibit style does not guarantee long visitors holding time and attracting power. Non-significant results are explained in terms of environmental and exhibit-related factors. Several potential factors including visitor factors, setting factors, and exhibit factors are discussed and explored with topics proposed for future study.