• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2297-2302
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• 2014

Objective: To evaluate early treatment for extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENK/TCL) in China and provide reference for clinical treatment of these patients. Methods: Computer-based retrieval was performed in PubMed, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of treatment for early ENK/TCL, and a meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.0 software. Results: A total of 11 RCTs, including 871 patients, were selected, of which the first radiotherapy had a higher complete response (CR) than the first chemotherapy [OR=14.16, 95%CI (8.68, 23.10), P<0.00001] and CR was not different between combined treatment group and radiotherapy group [OR=1.86, 95%CI (0.47, 3.58), P=0.61], but long-term survival rate was higher with combined treatment[OR=1.88, 95%CI (1.09, 3.19), P=0.02]. No difference in survival rate was observed between radio-chemotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy groups [OR=1.11, 95%CI (0.73, 1.69), P=0.63]. Conclusions: Radiotherapy is of great significance in the treatment of early ENK/TCL, but combined therapy could further enhance long-term survival rate of patients. This conclusion still requires further confirmation using RCTs with high quality and large sample size.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.231-234
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• 2021

We report a rare case of metachronous lymphoma with two distinct cell lineages in a 75-year-old man. The patient complained about having nasal obstruction for 2 years and extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type was diagnosed from a biopsy. The immunohistochemical staining for CD56 and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNA (EBER-ISH) were positive and the tumor cells were negative for CD20. After 13 months of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the patient presented with swelling of the left testis. Positron emission tomography scan detected an abnormal uptake in the testis. A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, was diagnosed from subsequent radical orchiectomy. The immunohistochemical staining revealed to be positive for CD20, BCL2, BCL6, and MYC and negative for CD10 and EBER-ISH.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2011

Natural Killer (NK) cells are the lymphocytes that are derived from hematopoietic stem cells, developed in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) by sequential acquisition of functional surface receptors, and express the repertoire of inhibitory and activating receptors. Recently, Osteopontin (OPN) has been identified as a critical factor for differentiation of natural killer cells. However, the detailed mechanism of OPN-induced NK differentiation has been still to be elucidated. Here, we determined the signaling pathway and possible receptor for OPN in NK differentiation. OPN induced expression of Bcl-2 and activation of Erk kinase. Inhibition of Erk pathway decreased the effect of OPN on NK differentiation. In addition, the expression of integrin ${\alpha}9$ was significantly increased by OPN during NK differentiation, suggesting the possible role of a major signaling molecule for OPN- induced NK differentiation.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.401-415
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• 1991

Effects of quercetin on the specific and non-specific immune responses were studied in vivo. Quercetin at a dose of 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg were orally administered to ICR male mice once daily for 28 consecutive days. Cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally to ICR mice with a single dose of 5 mg/kg 2 days before secondary immunization. Mice were sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells (S-RBC). Immune responses were evaluated by humoral and cellular immune reponses and non-specific immune response. The results of this study were summarized as followings; 1. Quercetin significantly decreased the body weight, and introduced the atrophy of liver, spleen and thymus gland dose-dependently, but increased the numbers of white blood cell. 2. Querectin significantly depressed the hemagglutination titer, Arthus reaction and hemolytic plaque forming cell. 3. Quercetin significantly depressed the delayed type hypersensitivity and rosette forming cell. 4. Quercetin at a dose of 2.5, 5 and 40 mg/kg significantly depressed phagocytic activity. 5. Quercetin at a dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg significantly increased natural killer cell activity.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.313-325
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• 1998

The effect of Holotrichia on natural killer cell activity in normal mouse were studied. 1. The oral administration of Holotrichia increased spleen weight about 21.1% and also cell numbers of spleen compared to control mice group. 2. The cytotoxicity of effector cell was most effectively induced in a ratio of 50 : 1(effector/target cell). 3. Cytotoxicity of effector cells was. increased about 24% as compared with control group in in vivo test. 4. On the other hand, the administration of Holotrichia original solution showed significant increase the cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity was increased concentration dependently. 5. The cytotoxicity by $^{3}H-thymidine$ incorporation assay showed similar effect with LDH enzyme method. 6. In the purified NK cells, the cytotoxicity was increased about 31% as compared with control group in in vivo system and the ratio of cytotoxicity was generally more increased than that of partially purified NK cell. 7. In vitro experimet of the purified NK cells, the cytotoxicity was increased 11.8% as compared with control group and the ratio of cytotoxicity was also more increased than that of partially purified NK cell. These results suggest that Holotrichia is administrated to mice with malignant tumors, the increase of NK cell activity may occur and affect tumor cells.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2008

The influence of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) on the bone marrow (BM) natural suppressor (NS) cells of intact Ehrlich carcinoma -bearing CBA mice was studied. Bone marrow NS cells were fractionated into three fractions by isopycnic centrifugation on percoll gradients: NS1 (${\rho}$=1.080 g/ml), NS2 (${\rho}$=1.090 g/ml) and NS3 (1.100> ${\rho}$ > 1.090 g/ml). These fractions were highly different in their sensitivity to known NS cell inductors (interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3 or histamine). None of the NS fractions isolated from the intact mice spontaneously produced antiproliferative activity, however, they showed a high level of NS (antiproliferative and natural killer cell inhibitory) activity under the influence of AFP. A single injection of AFP to intact mice led to an increase of spontaneous NS activity and the inhibition of natural killer cell activity. NS activity, especially NS2, was increased in when tumor cells were subcutaneously inoculated three days after AFP injection. In the AFP-treated mice, the tumor mass at 14 days was 60% larger than that in the untreated mice. Our data confirmed that AFP is a tumor marker that can inhibit cancer immunity and plays a role in cancer pathogenesis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.711-718
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• 2003

Wanpae-tang is suggested to have antitumor activity on lung cancer. This study was performed to investigate antitumor, immune response, and apoptotic effects by Wanpae-tang in the cancer cell lines and C57BL/6 mice. Experimental studies were progressed through the anticancer activities such as, survival time, cell cytotoxicity, natural killer cell activity, productivity of interleukins and apoptotio effects. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Median survival time of Wanpae-tang treated group was prolonged to 4.1%, as compared with control group, but was not significant. 2. On the MTT assay, half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) of Wanpae-tang was 15.00 ㎎/㎖ in HeLa cell, and 4.158 ㎎/㎖ in HRT-18 cell. 3. Natural killer cell activity in Wanpae-tang treated group was decreased in case of 100:1 and 10:1 effect cell/target cell ratio. 4. Production of interleukin-2, 4, 12 in Wanpae-tang treated group were significantly increased. 5. On the studies of Wanpae-tang induced apoptosis, a DNA fragmentation patterns were not appeared.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2011

Purpose: To evaluate the radiotherapy treatment outcome of patients in stage IE and IIE nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. Materials and Methods: From August 1999 to August 2009, 46 patients with stage IE and IIE nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma were treated by definitive radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 33 patients were treated with chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (CT + RT) and they received 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. 13 patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and they received 40 Gy in 20 fractions. Results: The median follow-up period was 4.6-137.6 months (median, 50.2 months) for all patients. The 4-year overall survival was 68.6% and 4-year disease free survival (DFS) was 61.9%. The 4-year locoregional recurrence free survival was 65.0%, and 4-year distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) was 66.2%. For patients treated with CT + RT, 15 patients (45.5%) achieved complete response after chemotherapy, and 13 patients (39.4%) achieved partial response. 13 patients (81.8%) achieved complete response after radiotherapy, and 6 patients (18.2%) achieved partial response. For patients treated with CCRT, 11 patients (84.6%) achieved complete response, and one patient (7.7%) achieved partial response. In univariate analysis, presence of cervical lymph node metastasis was only significant prognostic factor for DFS and DMFS. Conclusion: This study did not show satisfactory overall survival rate and disease free survival rate of definitive radiotherapy and chemotherapy for stage IE and IIE nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. For patients with cervical lymph node metastasis, further investigation of new chemotherapy regimens is necessary to reduce the distant metastasis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.151-159
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• 1994

To evaluate the anticarcinogenic effect and its mechanism of red ginseng, the mice were treated with red ginseng and received subcutaneous Bl6 melanoma cell line injection on the back. Tumor incidence was same (100%) both in water and red ginseng-treated groups, but tumor production was delayed in red ginseng-treated group. Survival time was somewhat longer in red ginseng-treated group. The histopathological findings were similar in both groups, but lymphocytic infiltration around the tumor and melanin production in the tumor cells were prominent in the red ginseng-treated group. Flow cytometric analysis on T lymphocytes and natural killer cells revealed increased $T_H$/$T_S$ ratio and increased NK cells in red ginseng-treated group. These results suggest that the anticarcinogenic effect of red ginseng may be exerted by the increased cell-mediated immunity and natural killer cell activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.140-146
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• 1993

A colostral protein that augments natural killer (NK) cell activity was isolated from bovine colostrum. This protein, designated matemal immunity enhancing factor (MIEF), increased NK cell-mediated cytotxicity against human tumor targets wheb added to cultures of resting peripheral blood lymphocytes. The NK cell stimulatory activity of the MIEF was demonstrated at the concentrations as low as 0.1-0.01 $\mu$g/ml. Purified MIEF showed an apparent molecular weight of 22,000 in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The unusual biochemical characteristics of the MIEF distinguish it from other cytokines. The MIEF was soluble at a cold tgemperature, and precipitated by raising the temperature. This themal precipitability was reversible, and dependent on the concentration, pH and ionic strength. Maximal precipitation was observed at neutral pH, and higher ionic strength.