• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.75-103
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• 2008

It is widely recognized that destruction of the eco-system with the counter-effect from the rapid industrialization threatens the life of human species. Furthermore, the extinction of some wild species keeps sending a warning message on the threat to human lives in the sense that both the human and wild lives have coexisted for a long time before the industrialization. Therefore, this study will shed a light on the importance of a natural ecology protection, focusing on wild-life conservation. This will provide an opportunity to consider the economic value of biodiversity through conservation of diverse wild lives and a natural ecology. Also, the irreversible damage to natural resources and extinction of certain species represent the urgency of this issue. This paper will perform a theoretical examination on the concept of wild plants and animals, an analysis of factors influencing their survivals, as well as the theory of natural ecology protections. This also examine the problems arising out of current domestic legislation of a natural ecology protection, comparing it with case studies of foreign countries. Through these analysis, this paper will seek for a maintenance of the currently enforcing natural ecology protection law to overcome its limits and will ultimately find alternatives to current system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1642-1650
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of clinoptilolite (a natural zeolite) on growth and performance of broilers as well as on the quality of their litter. A total of 5,200 one-day old broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were used in two consecutive rounds lasting 42 days each. The broilers were given free and continuous access to a nutritionally non-limiting diet (in meal form) that was either a basal diet (B) or a 'zeolite diet' (Z; the basal diet supplemented with clinoptilolite at a level of 2%). A $2{\times}2$ factorial design consisted of two feeding treatments (B and Z) and two bedding types, sawdust (S) and sawdust with zeolite (Sz, which was the result of adding $2kg\;zeolite/m^2$), was used. In each round the broilers were randomly assigned to one of four (n = 650), treatment groups: two fed on the basal diet (B) and had bedding of either sawdust (group BS) or sawdust and zeolite (group BSz) and two fed on the Z diet and had as bedding either sawdust (ZS) or sawdust and zeolite (ZSz). Average growth rates were significantly (p<0.05) different between broilers of different groups; broilers that were fed on the 'zeolite diet' (Z) and were placed either in a compartment with sawdust bedding or sawdust bedding and zeolite (ZS and ZSz) as well those that were fed on the basal diet in a compartment with sawdust bedding and zeolite (BSz) grew at a faster rate (p<0.05) compared with those of the control group (BS). The incorporation of NZ in broilers diets and in their bedding material decreased the organic content in litter samples throughout the experimental period. The lowest organic content was recorded in group ZSz where NZ was added in both feed and litter. Mean ammonia concentration (ppm) was significantly higher in group ZS in comparison to groups BSz and ZSz (27.00 vs. 20.55 and 21.71 respectively). The results of this study showed that the incorporation of the clinoptilolite both in feed and into the litter had a positive effect on broiler growth and also on the quality of their litter.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.276-288
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• 1992

In this paper, the author gave a brief review on the meaning and background involving the growth of chemical ecology. Semichemicals which might be developed as insect control techniques incorporating in IPM program were described. The relevant semichemicals were grouped under separate topics including intraspecific semiochemicals, or pheromones (sex pheromones, alarm pheromones, and epidiectic pheromones), and interspecific semiochemicals, or allelochemics (allomones of Plant origin, and kairomones favoring natural enemies). Here, the author dealt with those of practical aspects only. The prospects of chemical ecology in insect pest management were also proposed.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2001

This study was carried out to provide basic data for establishment of Natural Ecology Center through vegetation research in Nodong valley, Pyungchanggun of Kangwondo. The vascular plants consisted of total 178 taxa such as 56 families, 121 genera, 152 species, 24 varieties and two forms. In the study area, we found some plants designated as protect plants by the Ministry of Environment such as Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Rodgersia podophylla that is a vulnerable species and Iris odaesanensis that is an endemic species. Communities by characteristic in species composition of Nodong valley forest were classified into Quercus mongolica - Acer pseudosieboldianum community as a natural forest community and Larix leptolepis and Pinus koraiensis community as artificial forest. The Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum community was further classified as Pinus densiflora subcommunity and Acer mono subcommunity. A protection program will be needed for Iris odaesanensis classified as an endemic species to make a Natural Ecology Center.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2022

In this study, intention type was assigned to determine appropriate conservation and use of the Baekdudaegan Protection Area. To determine intention type, 84 indices were integrated into 7 types: the Natural Environment Protection District, Natural Scenic District, Agriculture and Forestry Promotion District, Living Environment Protection District, Education/Culture/Arts Promotion District, Recreation/Tourism Promotion District, and Disaster Management District. Intention types were decided by comparing the occupying proportion of the intention types for each watershed segment in which the Seoraksan, Taebaeksan, and Sockrisan region boundaries were included. Weight values were applied to each of the seven intention types because each type did not play an equal role in the target regions. Most regions were classified as Natural Environment Protection intention types because the Baekdudaegan area is regulated with strong forestry and environmental protection acts; thus, the weight values related to nature protection were higher than those for other types. To supplement the results from this study, additional research is needed to determine the intention type and weight for each region, and it will also be necessary to integrate sociocultural factors and field survey data.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.299-311
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate and analyze the designation status of the Local Wildlife Conservation Ordinance for the conservation and management of wild fauna and flora, and to elucidate the problems and improvement directions. We compared and analyzed the provisions of the wildlife conservation ordinance of 17 regional local governments. After that,the designation status of Wildlife Protected by City/Do was investigated and the appropriateness was confirmed based on guidelines and laws. The ordinances related to wildlife were enacted in all municipalities, and provisions such as selection criteria, protection measures, and act limitations were commonly reflected. The provisions were varied depending on the characteristics of each local government, including details of flag species, the addition of species in the restoration promotion plan as criteria for selection and provision of protection and restoration of habitats. Since 2006, when the wildlife protected by City/Do designation and protection guidelines have been established, the protected wildlife have increased sharply, and there has been newly designated regional local government within the past one or two years. However, in some local government, protected wildlife has been designated for more than 10 years, and there are many that do not meet the selection criteria. Therefore, more scientific and objective selection criteria and methods should be constructed for the selection of species suitable for the purpose of the Wildlife protected by City/Do.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2009

The study was conducted from Jan. 11 to Jan. 12 2008 on 17 areas which were the wintering area of Aegypius monachus and where the birds were observed. In the study, a total of 1,912 individuals were observed to winter in the areas, which was larger than any previous observation. The study found that 1,500 individuals wintered in the central region of Korea including Gyeonggido and Kangwondo, which accounted for 78.45%, and 412 individuals (21.55%) in the southern region such as Gyeongbuk, Gyeongnam, Jeannam and Jejudo (Island). Given the number of individuals wintering by region, Jangdan Peninsula (777 individuals), Cheorwon (488 individuals) and Sancheonggun(193 individuals) were mostly found. In comparison with the previous studies, 20-30% of the individuals have moved south since 2006. This movement might be attributed to the suspension of feeding campaigns, but the birds still crowded some specific areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.116-129
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• 2009

This study is to enhance the provincial leisure plans through various programs and infrastructure facilities and to establish a network of natural leisure areas in Gyeonggi-do. According to the result, first, in terms of analyzing the locations of natural leisure areas by types, the rest of urban parks is formed in the Capital area outside Seoul as centering around the central area. Moreover, with regard to the rest of forest and the rest of natural ecology learning, the area of the detention exceeds the total area of Gyeonggi-do. The rest of valleys and swamps showed a dotted pattern of the detention area while the rest of tideland and fishing village experience indicated a distribution of the detention area along the West Coast as an axis. Second, according to result of analyzing the accessibility of natural leisure areas by types, the rest of valleys and swamps showed the highest accessibility among the natural leisure areas : the rest of natural ecology learning had the medium level of accessibility; the rest of forest indicated the lowest accessibility. Therefore, it is necessary to create more leisure areas concerning the futures demands. In addition, they should be constructed in the places adjacent to the urban district area exhibiting higher usability and accessibility. In the places where there are many natural leisure area with higher utility, management plans should be deliberated as well. Based on the result of analyzing the rest of valleys and swamps and the rest of tideland and fishing village experience, it was found that the natural leisure area should improve the quality of water intensively and hydrophile property and create hydrophilic spaces. The development of natural leisure areas need to be carried out under the principle of environmental protection while considering historic sites and nearby rivers and lakes. Moreover, water leisure programs should be developed actively as well with further utilization of water resources in order to enhance the usability of natural leisure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2021

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea did not have direct legislation on natural environmental conservation until the early 1970s when the regime was still in the early stage. The Law on Land was enacted in 1977 to provide the legal basis for protecting the natural environment, including land protection, protection zones, and forest formation and protection. The enactment of the Law on Environmental Protection in 1986 made progress on environmental conservation in the DPRK. The constitutional amendment in 1992 stipulated "the preservation and creation of the natural environment as the responsibility of the state." Based on the Framework Law on Environmental Protection, subordinate statutes in various fields were enacted after the1990s. While the committee designated and managed the protected zones in the early days, the Framework Law on Environmental Protection established the ground for the designation of legally protected areas, and the Law on Protection of Scenic Spots and Natural Monuments enacted in 1995, and the Law on Environmental Protection enacted in 2009 provided the details. Furthermore, the types of nature reserves include biosphere reserves, primeval forest reserves, animal reserves, plant reserves, and scenic reserves. The 2nd National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan established in 2007 based on the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD) stated 326 protected zones in the DPRK. However, the 2018 United Nations list of Protected Areas shows only 31 registered zones, indicating the need to establish basic information on protected areas in DPRK. This study can provide basic information for a better understanding of the nature conservation system in the DPRK. Considering that environmental protection activities such as protection of endangered species and recovery of environmental pollution are subject to exceptions under the current sanctions against North Korea (UN Security Council, the United States), it will be possible to contribute to identifying possible inter-Korean cooperation projects in the field of the natural environment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.205-213
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• 2001

A survey was conducted to investigate the intake pattern of health supplements and health foods by using questionnaire. The data were collected from 395 adults over middle age and analyzed with SAS program. The natural foods were most frequently taken among health supplements and health foods for health. There was no difference in pattern of health supplements or health foods intake between male and female. The item taken over 20% of subjects was health drinks, green tea, ginseng product, dietary fiber drink, honey, general tea, tonic medicine from natural foods, vitamin B, vitamin C from nutrition supplements, and Lactobacillus product from health supplements. As the main reason for taking health supplements or health foods, the male indicated recovery of fatigue and improvement of health, but the female indicated recovery of fatigue and protection or treatment on disease(p<0.001). The frequency of taking health supplements or health foods was once a day. About the effect of health foods 70.1%, of subjects answered not bad and 25% responded very helpful for their health. Twenty percent of subjects experienced side effects such as diarrhea. The results showed that the proper education program should be developed for consumer to choose suitable health supplements or health foods according to their dietary life and health condition.