• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-59
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• 2021

Carcinoid tumor is called as neuroendocrine tumor and is classified into neuroendocrine tumor Grade 1, neuroendocrine tumor Grade 2, and neuroendocrine carcinoma based on the differentiation of tumors. Recently, the incidence of rectal carcinoid tumor has been increasing probably due to the increased interest on screening colonoscopy and the advancement of endoscopic imaging technology. As the rectal carcinoid shows a wide range of clinical characteristics such as metastasis and long-term prognosis depending on the size and histologic features, it is a challenge to give a consistent diagnostic code in patients with the rectal carcinoid. If the rectal carcinoid tumor is less than 1 cm in size, it can be given as the code of definite malignancy or the code of uncertain malignant potential according to International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) by World Health Organization (WHO). Because patients get different amount of benefit from the insurance company based on different diagnostic codes, this inconsistent coding system has caused a significant confusion in the clinical practice. In 2019, WHO updated ICD-O and Statistics Korea subsequently changed Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD) including the code of rectal carcinoid tumors. This review will summarize what has been changed in recent ICD-O and KCD system regarding the rectal carcinoid tumor and surmise its clinical implication.

• 정보관리연구
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.125-139
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• 2006

인터넷의 등장은 과학기술정보의 생산과 유통에 많은 변화를 초래하고 있다. 기존 과학기술정보들은 주로 문헌위주로 생산되었다. 그러나, 인터넷이 대중화되면서 온라인 과학기술정보들이 대량으로 생산되고 있으며, 그 활용이나 중요도 또한 과학기술분야의 문헌에 뒤지지 않고 있다. 온라인 과학기술정보의 양적 질적 성장으로 인해, 정보서비스기관들은 이들 정보들의 체계적인 관리와 효율적인 서비스를 고민하고 있으며, 다양한 정보관리방법을 모색하고 있다. 효율적인 정보 관리를 위한 방법 중의 하나인 분류체계는 주요한 이슈이며, 지금까지는 문헌정보 중심의 분류체계나 일반 웹사이트의 분류체계를 벤치마킹하여 온라인 과학기술정보를 위해 도입되는 경우가 많았다. 본고에서는 국가 차원의 표준분류를 이용하여, 온라인 과학기술정보를 위한 분류체계 구성방안을 실천적으로 제시하여 보았다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.205-206
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• 2019

National Competency Standard(NCS) is a national organization that organizes the knowledge, skills, and quality required to perform duties at industrial sites by industry sector and level. As NCS was developed and adopted as part of the government's implementation of capability-oriented society, the construction industry is also fully applying NCS to the curriculum and training. This study investigated and analyzed the problems of NCS development in construction work field through prior research analysis and experts interview and derived problems such as discrepancies in classification system, lack of connectivity with curriculum, and lack of effectiveness in revising NCS in construction work field. Further research is thought to be necessary for the establishment of the development system reflecting the construction characteristics in the future and for the presentation of practical improvement directions.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.776-784
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• 2014

KS K 0051(2009) was established in 1990 and revised in 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009. Recently the structure of apparel production and distribution are changing like as small quantity batch production, increase of importing abroad apparel and increase of on-line shopping mall. Based on Social and economic conditions, examine the potential for use of KS K 0051(2009) standard sizing system for female adult's garments are needed. Through which, it was intended to suggestion for the revision of standard sizing system for female adult's garments which can facilitate communication among consumer, producer and sellers. The improvement point was discussed through review of the current KS K 0051 (2009) and abroad standard sizing system for female adult's garments, ISO 3637(1977), ISO 4416(1981), BS EN 13402-2(2002), BS EN 13402-3(2004), JIS L 4005(2001) and GB/T 1335.2(2008). Also, the revision of standard sizing system for female adult's garments was suggested using data of 6th Size Korea. As a result of this study, in the revision, formal wear, casual wear, training wear and under wear were separated to simplify the classification and the classification of body type were excluded. Also, it is possible that size designation was simplified through optional notation and letter code based on bust girth could be marked together in casual wear.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.21-44
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• 1988

In Korea, fee-for service reimbursement has been adopted from the begining of medical insurance system in 1977, and the importance of the relative value unit is currently being investigated. The purpose of this study was to find out the level of propriety of the difference in the fees for different surgical services, and the appropriateness of the classification of the insurance fee schedule. For the purpose of this study, specific subjects and the procedural methodology is shown as follows: 1. The propriety of the Relative Price System(RPS). 1) Choice of sample operations. In this study, sample operations were selected and classified by specialists in general surgery, and the number of items they classified were 32. For the same group of operations the Insurance Fee Schedule(IFS) classified the operations into 24 separate items. In order to investigate the propriety of the RPS, one of the purpose of this study, was to examine the 24 items classified by the IFS. 2) Evaluation of the complexity of surgery. The data used in this study was collected The data used in this study was collected from 94 specialists in general surgery by mail survey from November I to 15, 1986. Several independent variables (age, location, number of bed, university hospital, whether the medical institution adopt residents or not) were also investigated for analysis of the characteristics of surgical complexity. 3) Complexity and time calculations. Time data was collected from the records of the Seoul National University' Hospital, and the cost per operation was calculated through cost finding methods. 4) Analysis of the propriety of the Relative Price System of the Insurance Fee Schedule. The Relative Price System of the sample operation was regressed on the cost, time, comlexity relative ,value system (RVS) separately. The coefficient of determination indicates the degree of variation in the RPS of the Insurance Fee Schedule explained by the cost, time, complexity RVS separately. 2. The appropriateness of the classification of the Insurance Fee Schedule. 1) Choice of sample operations. The items which differed between the classification of the specialist and the classification of medical, Insurance Fee Schedule were chosen. 2) Comparisons of cost, time and complexity between the items were done to evaluate which classification was more appropriate. The findings of the study can be summarized as follows: 1. The coefficient of determination of the regression of the RPS on-cost RVS was 0.58, on time RVS was 0.65, and on complexity RVS was 0.72. This means that the RPS of Insurance Fee Schedule is improper with respect to the cost, time, complexity separately. Thus this indicates that RPS must be re-shaped according to the standard element. In this study, the correlation coefficients of cost, time, complexity Relative Value System were very high, and this suggests that RPS could be reshaped I according to anyone standard element. Considering of measurement, time was thought to be the most I appropriate. 2. The classifications of specialist and of the Insurance Fee Schedule were compared with respect to cost, time, and complexity separately. For complexity, ANOVA was done and the others were compared to the different values of different classifications. The result was that the classification of specialist was more reasonable and that the classification of Insurance Fee Schedule grouped inappropriately several into one price unit.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 공간데이터 구측의 공종분류체계를 표준화하는데 있다. 공종분류체계는 지리정보 구축시 발생되는 제반정보를 체계적으로 분류하기 위한 기본틀이다. 국토지리정보원에서 수행되는 기본측량을 대상으로 하였으며, 측량 업체의 기본측량 실무공정과 국토지리정보원의 규정을 조사, 분석하였다. 조사, 분석한 내용을 기반으로 공간데이터 구축사업의 종류, 사업별 공종 및 공종별 성과물 체계를 표준화하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 지리정보 공종분류체계를 국가 표준에 반영하고 공간데이터베이스 구축방법론으로 발전시킨다면, 지리정보 제작 사업을 체계적으로 관리하고 선진화할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제37호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2003

The study Is Intended to investigate and analyze the system and practice that have been applied to Interior Architecture, comparing with a number of similar foreign cases, in an attempt to seek the way toward its development as well as to come up with the solution for enhancing the competitiveness, thereby making a recommendation on how to create the desirable work environment of Interior Architecture down the road. The conclusion and recommendation we have made is highlighted as follow. Among the practical or procedural challenges in the process of improving work environment of Interior Architecture, development of current national technical qualification system in a way of further detailing the categories of Ki-sul-sa(highest engineer grade) or Ki-neung-jang(highest technician grade) as part of measures aimed at gradual approaching for improvement of design fees and rates or supervision fees will be very crucial, that calls for close coordination with the Ministry of Labor and Human Resources Development Service of Korea. In a bid to upgrade the Interior Architecture to become the part of knowledge-based industry, amendment to Korean Standard Industrial Classification along with Standard Classification of Occupations and Academic Classification will be essential, and moreover with the attitude of reflection and self-improvement, the endeavors to be able to deal with the revision of existing laws and regulations in a consistent way and manner, by forming a joint committee among the three Interior Architecture-related organizations(KOSID, ICC, KlID), will be more than important.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권6_2호
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• pp.1083-1090
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• 2022

Since renal cell carcinoma(RCC) has various examination and treatment methods according to clinical stage and histopathological characteristics, it is required to determine accurate and efficient treatment methods in the clinical field. However, the process of collecting and processing RCC medical data is difficult and complex, so there is currently no AI-based clinical decision support system for RCC treatments worldwide. In this study, we propose a clinical decision support system that helps clinicians decide on a precision treatment to each patient. RCC standard big database is built by collecting structured and unstructured data from the standard common data model and electronic medical information system. Based on this, various machine learning classification algorithms are applied to support a better clinical decision making.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권3_4호
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• pp.377-386
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• 2004

This report is the second study to develop the standard tables of body measurements to be used for improving the fit of garments and patterns for women aged 60 and older. The purpose of this study is to suggest the new sizing system proper to the women aged 60 and older by classifying their somatotype and developing the standard tables of body measurements for each somatotype. The data are the anthropometric measurements of 329 women aged 60 and older measured in 2001 and the 1997 National Somatometry Survey data. The major contents of this study are as follows. The applicability of KS K 0051 and ISO 3637 sizing systems to the women aged 60 and older was investigated by analyzing the distribution of height and drop index the difference of hipgirth and bustgirth. In this result, we certified the two sizing systems were not so proper to elderly women and the new sizing system proper to them was required. So, we classified the somatotype of the women aged 60 and older to 3 groups, 135cm$\leq$H(height)＜145cm, 145cm$\leq$H＜155cm, 155cm$\leq$H＜165cm by height and classified to 3 groups, -4cm$\leq$D(drop)＜16cm, -4cm$\leq$D＜4cm, -l6cm$\leq$D＜-4cm by drop index, and we suggested more proper sizing system for women aged 60 and older by compounding height and drop groups. We also developed the standard tables of body measurements every bustgirth groups of 9 somatotypes. We expect the standard tables of body measurements to applicate to manufacture clothing for elderly women.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제25권6_1호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2007

A method of improving the correctness and confidence in land use classification as well as urban spatial structure analysis of local governments using GIS and satellite imagery is suggested. This study also compares and analyzes LSAS (Land Suitability Assessment System) results using two approaches-LSAS with priority classification, and LSAS using standard estimation factors without priority classification. The conclusions that can be drawn from this study are as follows. First, a method of maintaining up-to-date local government data by updating the LSAS database using high-resolution satellite imagery is suggested. Second, to formulate a scientific and reasonable land use plan from the viewpoint of territory development and urban management, a method of simultaneously processing the two described approaches is suggested. Finally, LSAS was constructed by using varieties of land information such as the cadastral map, the digital topographic map, varieties of thematic maps, and official land price data, and expects to utilize urban management plan establishment widely and effectively through regular data updating and problem resolution of data accuracy.