• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.184-192
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to review the curriculum and license examination of physical therapists in the United States. Methods: The doctor of physical therapy (DPT) curriculum was evaluated by a review Course Work Tool version 6 (CWT6) data and current physical therapy licensure examination (National Physical Therapy Exam, NPTE) category in the United States. Results: The results indicated that they were required to meet the doctor of physical therapist degree based on 'Guide to Physical Therapist Practice' of American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). This includes general education in the areas of communications and humanities, physical science, biological science, social and behavioral science, and mathematics. A minimum of one course must be completed successfully in each area of general education. Moreover, there should be at least 68 didactic credits of professional education and 22 clinical education credits, which is a minimum of two full-time clinical internships with no less than 1050 hours in total, which were supervised by a physical therapist. Regarding the physical therapy licensure examination, National Physical Therapy Exam (NPTE, 2016) consisted of a physical therapy examination (26.5%), evaluation, differential diagnosis, baseline of prognosis (32.5%), intervention (28.5%), protection, responsibility, and research (6.5%) based on the 'Guide to Physical Therapist Practice'. Conclusion: Based on the study results provided above, it is considered a standard to meet domestic reality as the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice of APTA for South Korean physical therapists.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 1997

출토된 매장문화재의 소장관리책임은 문화재보호법 제3644호에 따라 국립박물관에 있다. 이러한 문화재는 연간 10,000여점 씩이나 폭증하고 있고 이 숫자는 앞으로 더욱 증가할 전망이다. 한편 국립박물관의 보관시설은 이미 포화상태를 넘은 상황이며, 따라서 출토문화재는 열악한 시설과 인력이 태부족한 대학박물관 등에 위탁 관리되는 형편이라서 부실보관 등 원초적인 문제가 야기되고 있다. 더 큰 문제점은 이들 문화재가 과학적인 보존처리 및 관리의 보호를 받지 못한다는 점인데 그 이유는 보존과학자가 국립박물관에 5명이며 독립부서조차 없는 실정이고, 전국적으로는 20여명밖에 없기 때문이다. 이러한 출토문화재의 보존관리 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 새로운 제도 및 기구(가칭: 매장문화재 통합보존소)가 시급히 마련되어야 하며, 가장 효과적인 방안으로는 과학적인 수장시설의 설치와 이를 관리할 수 있는 전문인력(보존과학자)으로 구성된 기구의 설립이 절실하므로 이를 제안하는 바이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2020

In the field of environmental landscape architecture, the internet medium is used as an effective communication tool not only in the private level but also in the policy level. Recently, the active utilization of mobile web service is emphasized as the time changes, but there is not much improvement or advance in services due to lack of relevant studies. Therefore, this study is intended to provide basic data needed for improvement and advance by researching the quality of mobile web service among multichannel services provided in environmental landscape architecture related internet media. The model for measuring service quality is SERVQUAL, which was verified in the study of Choi(2015), Choi and Koo(2016), and the final valid samples are total 230. First, the subjects were analyzed as the representative media that are possible to acquire comprehensive knowledge related to environmental landscape architecture. Second, the highest importance level in each subsection was 'protection and security maintenance of customer information' followed by 'Reliability about accurate information supply'. Regarding performance level, 'Reliability about accurate information supply' and 'professional knowledge to communicate with users' are highly evaluated. Third, regarding Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA), the first priority management should is 'Tangibles', and the next are 'Responsibility' and 'Empathy'. The ones for maintenance of the status quo are 'Reliability' and 'Assurance', and there is none for effort reduction. Meanwhile, regarding the importance of each factor and difference in the quality of PC web service and mobile web service studied before, the biggest difference is in 'Tangibles', followed by 'Assurance', 'Empathy', 'Responsibility' and 'Reliability'. It is suggested that the revitalization of Landscape information science(LB1106) presented in the National Science&Technology Standard Classification System is needed. In the future, it is necessary to research the change trend on users' response through continuous evaluation of improved mobile web service.

• 인터넷정보학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2013

Information and Communication Technologies(ICTs) have substantially enlarged both the opportunities to realize one's human rights but have also resulted in the emergence of new challenges. ICTs are so deeply embedded and cental to almost all aspects of human activity. And ICTs are assuming an increasingly central role in all aspects of human and societal development across the world. But this is especially true of the right to privacy, which faces challenges such as profiling and data mining for public(including national security) and private purposes. ICTs access is a fundamental right for all humans in the information age. So we have need for regulation based on human rights in the digital age. And governments have a responsibility to protect individuals against violations of human rights and data protection by public authorities, but also by private entities. In addition, internet governance and multi-stakeholder principle have to be stressed on all of the internet issues because internet governance is included in the principle of democracy which have bottom-up communication and equality. So it is very importance that Internet Governance Forum is the space for a meaningful discussion on public policy issues relating to the internet.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2019

Purpose - Compared with the past when customers regarded a price factor as one of the most important criteria when choosing a retailer as a shopping destination, they seem to show different attitudes toward retailers in recent. This research, therefore, aims to explore how Korean customers respond to the CSR business activities provided by retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - The authors have developed the 6 hypotheses based on the literature review and adopted the 4 hypotheses after removing the 2 hypotheses through discriminant validity analysis. Results - Amongst the 4 hypotheses selected, H1 (community support), H3 (environment protection) and H6 (trading with unethical suppliers) related to a retailer's CSR business practices are accepted, whilst H4 (product issues) is rejected. Surprisingly, Korean customers are not interested in a product safety issue, when deciding a shopping store. Conclusions - Rather than emphasizing cheaper prices to attract new customers or maintain existing ones, it is demonstrated through the research that retailers have to pay their attention to their CSR activities. For a retailer's CSR practices, the retailer's social role has become more important than ever before, from a customer's point of view.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.205-219
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• 2017

This study redefines 'consumer privacy attitude and behavior discrepancy' that occurs in the transaction environment that exists between consumer and provider as 'consumer privacy paradox.' In this study, qualitative research was conducted based on grounded theory. This study explored how consumers react to a privacy paradox as well as looked into how to adapt to the negative and positive results that can be generated by the privacy paradox. 'Consumer privacy paradox' is the same as the existing privacy paradox in that consumers can utilize the resources of personal information to consume and benefit from the market environment. However, it differs from previous studies in that it examines the privacy paradox in terms of consumer influence and consumer experience. The results of the study are as follows. First, a paradigm model of the consumer privacy paradox was derived. Second, consumers used three types of strategies to rationalize themselves or maintain indifference or relief to cope with the consumer privacy paradox. Third, the possibility of damage and the responsibility for privacy protection were the mediators of the consumer privacy paradox. Fourth, the 'result' generated by the consumer privacy paradox showed four types of: non-response, satisfaction, commitment to change, and negative emotional experience. Fifth, there is a difference in strategies to respond to the consumer privacy paradox according to consumer types.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.63-82
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• 2009

Virtual community is a social aggregation to attain some goals in an IT-supported virtual space (Lee et al., 2002). As lots of virtual communities generate robust and reliable outputs with low control and low incentive, previous researchers was interested in the questions, "why do they participate?" or "how are they controlled?". But. as Katz (1964) said, the most important part of the high-performing organization is the behaviors of members in the organization. Therefore, this research is to examine the relationship between the performance and the behaviors of participants in the virtual community. First, we propose 6 types of behaviors related to high performance in the virtual community: 'Continuous Attendance', 'Complying with the organizational value, policies, and regulations', 'Protection', 'Suggestion for the improving', 'Self-training', and 'Favorable behavior'. The six types of behaviors are extracted from the framework of Katz (1964) and Brief and Motowidlo (1986). The reason why each behavior is positively related with high-performance is that those who continuously attend have more responsibility than temporary participants do; complying with the rules of a virtual community means that they may make more reliable outcome; 'Protection' is one of the prosocial-behaviors and those who protect the community may concern the benefit of the virtual community when they participate: those who suggest some ideas for improvement may contribute to the virtual community; 'Self-training' behavior means that participants really want to have high quality in their contribution: those who have 'Favorable attitude' consider other members in the virtual community when they participate. Then, we perform an empirical analysis with the survey from participants in the Knowledge service of Naver.com, to show those behaviors are associated with the high-performance. To make the measurement for the six behaviors, we use CVR (content validity ratio) method (Lawshe, 1975), interviewing 12 experts. The dependent variable, performance of participation, is measured by 'ratio of selected answer' given by the Naver.com. We use email survey. We sent 1200 emails to randomly selected participants in the knowledge service and received 282 responses. The results of our empirical analysis show that 4('Continuous Attendance', 'Suggestion for the improving', 'Self-training', 'Favorable attitude') are positively related to the performance, but 2('Complying with the organizational value, policies, and regulations' and 'Protection') are not significant. In line with Fitzgerald (2006), we expect that participants in the virtual community may behave similarly to employees in the off-line firms for the high performance. But 2 behaviors have different results. The reason that the 'Complying with the organizational value' behavior is not sufficiently related to performance is that the motivation of participants is more related to intrinsic pleasure or altruism than external reward. Also, the 'Protection' behavior has no significant relationship with performance, which means that the high-performing participants have little concern about the problems in the community.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 언론에서 바라보는 객관적이고 거시적인 시선인 빅데이터 분석을 통해 청원경찰제도의 발전적 방향과 학문적 시사점을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구방법은 '청원경찰'에 대한 분석 및 키워드 트렌드와 연관성이 높은 키워드를 시각해 보여주는 연관어 분석을 실시하였다. 또한 1990년대, 2000년대, 2010년대로 구분하고 해당하는 기간의 매년 관련 기사 건수를 도출하여 흐름을 파악하였다. 연구결과에 따른 청원경찰의 언론보도 인식은 청원경찰의 채용, 관련 사건·사고에 대한 것으로 긍정적인 청원경찰의 채용에 대한 관심과 부정적인 청원경찰 관련 사건·사고에 대한 이미지가 공존한다는 것을 볼 수 있다. 하지만 결과적으로 청원경찰에 대한 필요성과 수요는 증가하고 있으며, 이를 통해 청원경찰을 국가의 안전을 책임지고 사회질서유지를 위한 한 축으로써의 윤리적 책임과 안전을 책임지는 역할에 대한 고민하고 청원경찰의 업무에 임해야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2021

북한의 정권 수립 초기인 1970년대 초까지는 자연환경과 관련된 직접적인 법제가 마련되지 못하였고, 1977년 토지법 제정을 통해 토지보호, 보호구역, 산림조성 및 보호 등 자연환경 보호에 관한 법적 근거를 마련하였다. 북한 환경법제의 발전 단계는 환경보호법 제정(1986년)과 함께 그 근간을 갖추었으며, 1990년대에 들어서 헌법 개정(1992년)을 통해 "국가의 책무로서 자연환경의 보존·조성"을 규정하였고, 그 이후 "환경보호법"을 기본법으로 다양한 분야의 하위법령을 제정하여 분법화한 것으로 나타났다. 보호지역의 경우 초기에는 위원회 결정 등으로 보호지역을 지정·관리하다가, "환경보호법"을 통해 다양한 법정 보호지역 지정 근거를 마련한 후 "명승지·천연기념물보호법(1995)", "자연보호구법(2009)" 등으로 관련법들이 세분화된 것을 알 수 있다. 자연보호구의 유형으로는 생물권보호구, 원시림보호구, 동물보호구, 식물보호구, 명승지보호구 등이 있다. 국제적으로 알려진 북한의 보호지역은 생물다양성협약 "제2차 국가생물다양성전략 및 행동계획(2007년)"에서 326개소가 있는 것으로 기술하였으나, 2018년 보호지역 UN-list에는 31개소만 등록되어 있어 북한의 보호지역 기초정보 구축 노력이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구 결과는 북한의 자연 보전체계의 이해를 돕기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 현재 대북제재(UN 안보리, 미국) 상황 속에서 멸종위기생물 보호와 환경오염회복 등 환경보호활동 등이 제재 예외 대상인 것을 감안한다면 자연환경 분야에서 실현 가능한 남북협력 사업 발굴에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 교통수송분야 국가핵심기반 지정 및 관리시 연계성을 고려한 운영관리 전략을 제안한다. 산업구조가 고도화됨에 따라 국가핵심기반은 교통수송분야 연구개발 생애주기를 고려하여 교통수송분야의 연계 협업형 연구개발 계획과 심층분석을 적용하였다. 국가경제나 국민생활의 활동이 사회의 요건에 밀착되는 등의 포괄적인 국가안전과 국민의 안전 요구 증대로 정부의 책임이 점차 확대되고 있는 추세에 있다. 이러한 시점에서 본 연구의 특징은 유지관리의 필요성과 국가의 책무인 대국민 서비스를 위한 종합적이고 과학적인 관리를 수행하였다. 이에, 교통수송분야 국가 핵심기반은 지속가능한 유지·관리를 위한 보호계획 수립과 가이드라인을 고려하여 작성·시행한다. 본 연구는 교통수송분야의 국가핵심기반 지정·관리시 연계성을 고려한 운영 전략을 제안함으로서 효율적인 국가핵심기반 재난관리에 기여한다.