• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2023

Chinese traditional patterns, which are part of our national precious heritage, have a long history. Tiger culture plays a very important role in folk art. In modern society, it is a symbol of human spirit and morality. The tiger pattern is also a unique traditional pattern in Chinese folklore. From the Spring and Autumn period to modern society, the tiger pattern has evolved in form through thousands of years of development. It is also a representative intangible cultural heritage in contemporary times. It plays a special role in the cultural exchange of different regions, resulting in the generation of the creation of folk art with great local characteristics. Therefore, traditional tiger patterns are an important part of traditional Chinese folk culture and art. In this study, by analyzing the development and evolution history of Chinese traditional tiger patterns, the application methods of Chinese traditional tiger patterns were summarized, the rich cultural connotation, artistic characteristics and application of traditional tiger pattern in modern fashion design were discussed. In contemporary design, the new and improved tiger pattern styles were explored, intangible cultural heritage was interpreted and inherited, and the cultural and artistic values contained therein were extracted. The author combined with modern fashion design, according to people's aesthetic taste and design principles, it is recreated,so that the traditional pattern has certain characteristics of The Times.But at the same time it retains its original character,and the traditional tiger pattern was inherited and the cultural connotation of clothing design was enriched.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1761-1767
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• 2015

Sevenband grouper, Epinephelus septemfasciatus, is becoming an important aquaculture species in Korea. However, viral nervous necrosis disease is a large problem causing mass mortality in sevenband grouper aquaculture. Recombinant protein vaccines are one of the best methods to reduce these economic losses. However, the cell-based expression method mainly produces inclusion bodies and requires additional procedures. In this study, we expressed a recombinant viral coat protein of sevenband grouper nervous necrosis virus (NNV) using a cell-free protein synthesis system. The purified recombinant NNV coat protein (rNNV-CP) was injected into sevenband grouper at different doses followed by a NNV challenge. Nonimmunized fish in the first trial (20 μg/fish) began to die 5 days post-challenge and reached 70% cumulative mortality. In contrast, immunized fish also starting dying 5 days postchallenge but lower cumulative mortality (10%) was observed. Cumulative morality in the second trial with different doses (20, 4, and 0.8 μg/fish) was 10%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. These results suggest that rNNV-CP can effectively immunize sevenband grouper depending on the dose administered. This study provides a new approach to develop a recombinant vaccine against NNV infection for sevenband grouper.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2013

Many child actors have appeared in various movies as the Korean film industry continues to evolve. As more children appear in violent and raunchy scenes, there are more concerns about the movie's effect on child actors. In some Western countries, many strategies have been developed for child actors, but for the Korean movie industry, the conditions are still poor for them. Although children who enter the concrete operational period are able to think logically and systematically, they are yet limited by their experiences. Adolescents in the formal operational period try to deal with all of the possibilities and assumptions logically and systematically with freedom from realistic contents and experiences. This period is very important because adolescents become more sensitive to others' feelings and they should develop their ego identity. Several studies have reported the indirect experiences through media including how the movie affected children and adolescents negatively. Depending on the individual's morality, judgment and emotional status, these effects were variable and inconsistent and could be relieved by several interventions. We could anticipate much bigger emotional effect on child actors who are acting directly and then are confronting themselves in the scene. Therefore, we suggest that the emotional effects of the movies on child actors can be managed properly by considering children's cognitive ability and emotional status, and establishing protective strategies before they are exposed to problematic scenes. Of course, it should be followed by evaluating them after the exposure and with follow-up management, if necessary.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.513-524
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify ethical climate factors in hospitals and analyze their influence on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Methods: A convenience sample of 196 nurses from one national university hospital in J city participated in this descriptive study survey. Instruments included the Ethical Climate Questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Organizational Commitment Scale. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and factor analysis were done to test reliability and construct validity of the scales. Data were collected from March 15 to March 25, 2013 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Seven ethical climate factors were identified; laws and professional codes, social responsibility, company rules and procedures, self-interest, personal morality, efficiency, and friendship. Factors influencing job satisfaction were friendship (${\beta}$=.25), social responsibility (${\beta}$=.20), laws and professional codes (${\beta}$=.20), and educational level (${\beta}$=.27), explaining 37.6% of variance in job satisfaction. Factors influencing organizational commitment included social responsibility (${\beta}$=.29), friendship (${\beta}$=.27), laws and professional codes (${\beta}$=.23), and age (${\beta}$=.19), with explanatory power of 44.6%. Conclusion: Results can be used as preliminary data for developing new strategies to establish positive ethical climates in hospital environments and thus enhance nurses' job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

• 영어영문학
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.745-765
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• 2009

The Eighteenth Century Shakespeare's Women Audiences: From Objects of Sexual Appetite to Ladies of Quality Abstract Younglim Han (Kyungpook National U) This paper aims to give an account of the eighteenth century Shakespeare's women audiences who marked a turning-point in the history of Shakespeare's popularity. The 1736 formation of the 'Shakespeare Ladies Club' as a leading group of the female audience encouraged the theater managers to perform more Shakespeare. Stage productions relied more than ever on the favorites of women audiences. The establishment of female patronage was associated with the popularity of Shakespeare's crossed-dressed comedies and actresses in 'breeches' part. The outstanding achievement of the Ladies was their contribution to the promotion of Shakespeare's status as an embodiment of British culture and the acknowledgement of the dignity of national literature. They were successful in securing the native sense of Shakespeare in place of Italian opera and Harlequin pantomime. The recognition of the national significance of Shakespeare led a campaign to erect his monument in Westminster Abbey. The female audience's claim to the respectable Shakespeare provided the stimulus for transforming his plays in the interests of family values such as marital duty and domestic morality. Marina (1738), George Lillo's adaptation of Pericles that was dedicated to the Ladies, was an exemplary case. The domestic versions of Shakespeare stressed the importance of women characters and the idealization of them. Thus the reception of Shakespeare in the eighteenth century was characteristic of formulating the women audiences-performers-characters association. The female yearning for a refined theater was a significant achievement, considering its influence on ways of establishing the canonical Shakespeare in the eighteenth century.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제54호
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• pp.349-386
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• 2014

노주(老洲) 오희상(吳熙常)(1763-1833)은 18세기 후반기부터 19세기 전반에 걸쳐 홍직필(洪直弼)과 더불어 당시 기호 낙론을 대표하는 산림학자이다. 그는 율곡(栗谷)으로부터 비롯되는 기호학파의 학설을 충실히 계승하는 한편, 김창협(金昌協)으로부터 연원하는 낙학의 이론적 입장을 보다 명확히 하면서 낙론의 종지를 확고히 하였다. 호락논쟁의 연장선상에서 호론(湖論)에 대한 비판적 견해를 제시하는 것은 물론, 18세기 중반 이후 낙론 내부에서 제기된 이설(異說)에 대해 비판적 견해를 제시하며 낙론의 학문적 입장을 굳건히 하고자 하였다. 본고에서는 오희상의 성리설을 사상사적인 맥락을 중심으로 그 내용과 위상을 확인하고, 그의 학문 활동이 주로 호락논쟁의 연장선상에서 놓여 있었던 만큼 그의 호론에 대한 비판적 견해에 유의하면서 그의 성리설 체계를 고찰하였다. 그가 가졌던 문제의식의 중심에는 인간 도덕성 실현을 위한 현실적 근거의 체계화가 자리하고 있다. 인간의 순선한 도덕성의 실재성과 이의 구체적인 실천을 정초하기 위해 세계 구성과 도덕의 실천을 리기론적으로 해명하고자 하였다. 그는 특히 도덕 실천의 근거로서 리의 순선성과 실재성을 확인하고, 그것의 현실적 실현을 위한 주체의 정초를 위해 리기 관계의 상함성에 주목하였다. 그가 심성에 대한 리기론적 이해를 통해 심성의 논리적 관계와 가치적 측면에 대한 해명을 제시한 것은 순선한 도덕성의 현실적 기반 구축과 이것의 실현, 즉 수양의 체계를 수립하는 데로 이어졌다. 따라서 오희상의 논의는 적어도 원리적 차원에서 만큼은 순선한 도덕성의 실재성과 본선한 도덕 주체의 확립을 이끌어 내고자 하는 방향이었으며, 현실적 측면에서도 이를 담보하고자 하는 방향으로 나갔다고 평가할 수 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2014

대학에서의 교양교육이 인간의 기본적인 덕성과 지성을 갖추게 하고 올바른 한 인간으로서 주체성을 키우게 하는 보편적인 교육이라는 것과 체육이 신체활동을 통해 심동적, 인지적, 정의적 성장을 도모하는 전인적 교육활동이라는 것을 고려한다면, 대학의 교양교육과 교양체육은 그 가치와 목표를 같이 하고 있다. 더불어 체육이 지닌 근본적인 특성과 추구하는 가치가 교양교육의 가치와 상통하고 교양교육의 목표를 달성하기 위한 수단으로 매우 유용하다면 교양체육은 교양교육의 중심으로 자리매김하여야 한다. 그러기 위해서, 우리는 현재 교양체육 교과 운용 실태를 보다 면밀히 점검하고, 교양체육 운용에서 제기될 수 있는 문제점을 사전에 차단하거나 문제를 해결하며 교양체육이 나아갈 방향을 모색할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 각 시 도 10개의 국립대학교의 교양체육 운영실태를 분석하였으며, 교양체육 운용에서 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 제기하였다. 또한, 대학 교양체육의 나아갈 방향을 '교양교육의 중심으로 자리매김', '체육학의 특징을 반영한 다양한 교과 편성', '기능 위주의 교육에서의 탈피', '전인적 교육활동으로의 교양체육', '교양체육 수업 기회의 증대'로 구분하여 제시하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2014

We report the nitrogen monoxide (NO) gas sensing properties of p-type CuO-nanorod-based gas sensors. We synthesized the p-type CuO nanorods with breadth of about 30 nm and length of about 330 nm by a hydrothermal method using an as-deposited CuO seed layer prepared on a $Si/SiO_2$ substrate by the sputtering method. We fabricated polycrystalline CuO nanorod arrays at $80^{\circ}C$ under the hydrothermal condition of 1:1 morality ratio between copper nitrate trihydrate [$Cu(NO_2)_2{\cdot}3H_2O$] and hexamethylenetetramine ($C_6H_{12}N_4$). Structural characterizations revealed that we prepared the pure CuO nanorod array of a monoclinic crystalline structure without any obvious formation of secondary phase. It was found from the gas sensing measurements that the p-type CuO nanorod gas sensors exhibited a maximum sensitivity to NO gas in dry air at an operating temperature as low as $200^{\circ}C$. We also found that these CuO nanorod gas sensors showed reversible and reliable electrical response to NO gas at a range of operating temperatures. These results would indicate some potential applications of the p-type semiconductor CuO nanorods as promising sensing materials for gas sensors, including various types of p-n junction gas sensors.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.116-129
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• 1999

The objectives of the study mainly concentrated on identifying the political implication on genetically modified crops considering production potentials and problems. It is found that the comprehensive evaluation of the genetically modified crops could not be concluded and compromised in a word on account of the polarization and parallelism of the positive and negative benefits of genetically modified crops just like as the rail way. The genetically modified crops will be contributed to solving the food shortage problems in the world, when the issues such as food safety, ecological disturbance and loss and degradation of biodiversity can be guaranteed in transparency. And when the trade morality of the multi-national enterprises be accepted by the genetically modified crops consumers, the potentiality of genetically modified crops will be realized greatly. By the way, the first problems will be expected to be solved by scientific development. If the food safety of the genetically modified technology be verified in transparency, it will be greatly contributed to solve food problems of human beings in the world. But the second problem could not be expected to be easily solved from the view point of capital property. In conclusion, the genetically modified technology will be made a severe sense of incongruity and a seed of fire on it will be remained persistently. According to the results based on the analysing the genetically modified crops potentiality and problems, it was identified that the ex-ante preparation of counter-measures and actions on it should be necessary. Accordingly this study has recommended that how and what the R&D policy on genetically modified crops be established and suggested how to carried out the industrial and economic policy together with international negotiation, and organizational and institutional rearrangement and etc.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.22-39
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• 2013

This thesis aims to investigate the characteristics of the civil costume in Netherlands women and the way how the civil culture was reflected on these by analyzing the women's costume depicted in the works of the Johannes Vermeer regarded as the representative painter of Netherlands in 17th century. The method of study was to select 24 pieces of Vermeer's works among the 30 pieces, and were analyzed in detail. These were approved to be common civil costumes by researching the works of other painters in that era on the other hand. The result shows that the civil costume of Netherlands women from 1653 until 1675 was in the simple form of two pieces dress, and minimal decorations with simple hair style and headdress would take the constitution of the frugality, chastity and practicality as the mainstream, along with using the red, yellow and blue as the primary three colors on to the costumes. These characteristics might be ascribed to the Netherlands civil culture influenced by the Calvinism that emphasized the frugality and chastity, denouncing the luxury with supporting the religion and morality. This trend was also noted in the men's costume, giving evidence of the intimate relationship between the costume, religion and civil culture. This thesis might be a help to elucidate the relationship between the costume and cultural society, and be a affordable tools to study the contemporary costume.