• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.370-374
• /
• 2018

Oriental Diagnosis System(ODS) is an artificial intelligence program that utilize entered diagnosis knowledge, determine patient's disease and decide right medicine. The purpose of this study is to find a correlation between pattern Identification in Korean medicine and each sasang types(Tae-Eum and So-Yang) by analyzing ODS diagnosis result. Eventually our study secure availability of using ODS program at clinical training or developing diagnosis program. Subject of this study is 50 patients who was performed Sasang constitution diagnosis (28 patients were Tae-Eum and 22 patients were So-Yang). We analyize patient's diagnosis records by using ODS program and obtained result about pattern Identification. We used SPSS statistics 23 in analyzing the differences of the scores of Eight Principle Pattern Identification, Qi-Blood Pattern Identification, and Bing-xie Pattern Identification in each Sasang types (Tae-Eum, So-Yang). The Heat and Heat-moisture scores were significantly different(p<0.05) and Qi-Blood Pattern Identification scores were not different in each Sasang types(p>0.05). And Weight was significantly different in each Sasang types(p<0.05). It is hard to generalize the result because subject of this study was not enough and had sample speciality(tinnitus patients). However, we explained correlation between pattern Identification in korean medicine and each sasang types based on quantifiable and objective evidence system. it can be used at education of korean medicine and evidence of practice diagnosis. Futhermore, there have been no studies about anaylizing correlation between pattern Identification in Korean medicine and each sasang types using ODS program. So it is worthy of being utilized at clinical evidence data of ODS program.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.337-353
• /
• 1999

This study is to provide the basic sources to develop educational data that can establish ethical values with research on the interrelation between moral development and ethical values of nurses. The subjects of this study are the convenience sample from 111 nurses working in clinical settings from 5 general hospitals located in Pusan area. The questionnairs for this study are comprised two parts: Part 1 is SRM-SF(1995) guestionnaire, and translated by Kil, 1m Ju(1997): Part 2 is the guestion papers about the ethical values, and disigned by Jung, Hee Ja. The data were collected from June lth to 31th, 1997 and analyzed by S.A.S(Statistical Analysis System) Package for frequency, percent, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of the study is as the followings: 1) According to the moral development. the nurses are in the levels of Stage3 or Transition3/4, which are generally focused on the personal relations or personality. Thus, nurses are considered to need to get the stage4 of education that helps them recognize a person as a member of society. a family as an unit of society, and human life as the values of human dignity. 2) According to the ethical values, nurses have the positive ethical values of respecting the right of the patients, providing information, keeping the secret, truth. and credit of patients. But they also experience some troubles by the patients to care and the clinical situation. Thus, to overcome the problems, nurses are considered to need to get the education that establishs the right ethical values. 3) The analysis result on the interrelation between moral development level and ethical values shows as r=0.28 and p=0.003. This indicates that the interrelation between them is low. In conclusion, it is considered that the moral development level is viewed broadly from a person and family to a society, and then it can affect to the ethical values positively.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2017

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the Hierarchical Condition Category (HCC) model, identify potentially high-cost patients, and examine the effects of adding prior utilization to the risk model using Korean claims data. Methods: We incorporated 2 years of data from the National Health Insurance Services-National Sample Cohort. Five risk models were used to predict health expenditures: model 1 (age/sex groups), model 2 (the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services-HCC with age/sex groups), model 3 (selected 54 HCCs with age/sex groups), model 4 (bed-days of care plus model 3), and model 5 (medication-days plus model 3). We evaluated model performance using $R^2$ at individual level, predictive positive value (PPV) of the top 5% of high-cost patients, and predictive ratio (PR) within subgroups. Results: The suitability of the model, including prior use, bed-days, and medication-days, was better than other models. $R^2$ values were 8%, 39%, 37%, 43%, and 57% with model 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. After being removed the extreme values, the corresponding $R^2$ values were slightly improved in all models. PPVs were 16.4%, 25.2%, 25.1%, 33.8%, and 53.8%. Total expenditure was underpredicted for the highest expenditure group and overpredicted for the four other groups. PR had a tendency to decrease from younger group to older group in both female and male. Conclusion: The risk adjustment models are important in plan payment, reimbursement, profiling, and research. Combined prior use and diagnostic data are more powerful to predict health costs and to identify high-cost patients.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was the development and validation of knowledge scale for patients with breast cancer (KS-Br) in Korea. Methods: The process included the construction of a conceptual framework, generation of preliminary items, and the test of validity and reliability of the scale. Thirty-seven items were developed through an evaluation process by 10 experts and 24 items were finally confirmed through item analysis. Psychometric testing was performed with a convenient sample of 303 women with breast cancer. The data was analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and calculation of KR-20. Results: Participants averaged 70.8% correct on the test. The KS-Br has 24 items consisting of 5 categories: incidence of breast cancer, diagnosis and treatment, symptom management, sexuality, and maintenance of daily life. Validity was supported by the use of content validity, known-group technique, and criterion-related validity. Women who had undergone education intervention scored significantly higher than women who had not (p<.001). KS-Br scores were significantly correlated with those of Mishel's Illness Uncertainty Scale (r=-.214, p<.001). Internal consistency of the KS-Br was appropriate (KR20=.805). Conclusion: This study reveals that the KS-Br is reliable and valid scale to measure the knowledge of breast cancer. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized to assess the knowledge of patients with breast cancer regarding their disease.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.293-303
• /
• 2020

Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional (3D) surgical accuracy between virtually planned and actual surgical movements (SM) of the maxilla in two-jaw orthognathic surgery. Methods: The sample consisted of 15 skeletal Class III patients who underwent two-jaw orthognathic surgery performed by a single surgeon using a virtual surgical simulation (VSS) software. The 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained before (T0) and after surgery (T1). After merging the dental cast image onto the T0 CBCT image, VSS was performed. SM were classified into midline correction (anterior and posterior), advancement, setback, anterior elongation, and impaction (total and posterior). The landmarks were the midpoint between the central incisors, the mesiobuccal cusp tip (MBCT) of both first molars, and the midpoint of the two MBCTs. The amount and direction of SM by VSS and actual surgery were measured using 3D coordinates of the landmarks. Discrepancies less than 1 mm between VSS and T1 landmarks indicated a precise outcome. The surgical achievement percentage (SAP, [amount of movement in actual surgery/amount of movement in VSS] × 100) (%) and precision percentage (PP, [number of patients with precise outcome/number of total patients] × 100) (%) were compared among SM types using Fisher's exact and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Overall mean discrepancy between VSS and actual surgery, SAP, and PP were 0.13 mm, 89.9%, and 68.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the SAP and PP values among the seven SM types (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: VSS could be considered as an effective tool for increasing surgical accuracy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.723-726
• /
• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is worldwide the most common cancer in women and is a major public health problem. Genes with high or low penetrance are now clearly implicated in the onset of breast cancer, mostly the BRCA genes. All women in families at high risk of breast cancer do not develop tumours, even when they carry the familial mutation, suggesting the existence of genetic and environmental protective factors. Several studies have shown that consanguinity is linked to a decreased or an increased risk of breast cancer, but to the best of our knowledge, there is no study concerning the association between consanguinity and the occurrence of tumours in women with high risk of breast cancer. The objective of this study was to examine whether parental consanguinity in families with genetic predisposition to breast cancer affect the risk of siblings for having this cancer. Materials and Methods: Over a six-year period, 72 different patients with a histological diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer from 42 families were recruited for genetic counselling to the Department of Medical Genetics, Rabat. Consanguinity rate was determined in cases and compared to the consanguinity rate in the Moroccan general population. Results: Consanguinity rates were 9.72% in patients and 15.3% in controls, but the difference was statistically not significant (p>0.001) and the mean coefficient of consanguinity was lower in breast cancer patients (0.0034) than in controls (0.0065). Conclusions: Despite the relatively small sample size of the current study, our results suggest that parental consanguinity in Moroccan women might not be associated with an altered risk of breast cancer. Large scale studies should be carried out to confirm our results and to develop public health programs.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.44-53
• /
• 2003

Purpose : This study was to identify Korean terms appropriate for a new scale using pain terms to assess the pain of the arthritis patients. Method : This study was conducted by secondary analysis of two previous studies, one from Kim's data (1994) and the other from Lee and Choi's(1988). The subjects were 482 patients with arthralgia. Data were analyzed by SPSS Win 11.0, for frequencies, percentages, and means. Results : Five pain groups were sorted out from the sensory pain category, three in the affective pain category, and two in the miscellaneous pain category by selecting groups of pain terms expressed more than 50% by all subjects. Local inflammatory repeated pain terms, simple irritative pain terms, superficial pressure pain terms, traction pain terms, and peripheral nerve terms were included in the sensory pain category, fatigue-related pain terms, digestion-related terms, and suffering-related terms in the affective category, and dull pain terms and body cavity pressure pain category. Among five sample groups terms selected by more than 3 groups with more than 30% of patients were dugumhada, sikungorinda, wooksinwooksinhada, nurudusi apuda, and dangginda in the sensory pain category; nogonhage apuda, gobukhada, and jajungsurupge apuda in the affecte pain category; and buctjockgigunhada and manjimyon apuda in the miscellaneous pain category. Conclusion : Ten pain groups were tentatively selected out of 20 pain groups; 10 pain terms composed of 1 pain term from each group were selected out of 90 pain terms from thesecondarydataofarthriticpainpatients. Implications More detailed clinical studies are needed for the refinement of the scale.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This research was conducted to explore the relationship between spiritual well being and life attitude among breast cancer patients who were operated, and to increase understanding for wholistic nursing care. Method: With spiritual well being from quality of life questionnaire in breast cancer survivors (QOL-BR 23) of Ferrell et al (1998) and Life attitude profile (LAP) of Recker & Peacock (1981), the data were collected by research assistant in a sample of 56 women with stage 1-stage 3 breast cancer at surgery OPD after follow-up care. Result: Mean spiritual wellbeing score of subject was 5.83 (0-10) and life attitude was 4.96 (1-7). There were significant differences in life attitude according to monthly income (F=3.22, p=.03), and in spiritual wellbeing according to monthly income (F=4.16, p=.01) and religion (t=-3.67, p=.001) among demographic characteristics. There was significant difference in spiritual wellbeing according to the period passed after operation (F=2.89, p=.04) among disease characteristics. From life attitude domain, the mean score of "will to meaning" was the highest (5.30) and "existential vacuum" was the lowest (4.58). There was a significant relationship between spiritual wellbeing and "will to meaning" subscale of life attitude (r=.521, p=.000). The correlation coefficient showed r= .513 between spiritual well being and life attitude. Conclusion: Nurses could promote positive life attitude for breast cancer patients by improving spiritual well being with the encouragement of having religion expecially for long term breast cancer survivors in the process of their rehabilitation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.26 no.11
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting unmet medical care in elderly hypertensive patients. The purpose of this study was to understand the reasons for unmet medical care in elderly hypertensive patients over 65 years of age and to identify the characteristics of each type to improve the medical use system and to contribute to policy making so that unmet medical care does not occur. Using data from the 7th period of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016, 2017), 23 sample households were selected using the phylogenetic extraction method among appropriate households and analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 Program. As a result of the study, the unmet medical care of those who had suicidal thoughts compared to those who had not had suicidal thoughts in the past year, when females were higher than males, had worse subjective health status, those who did not subscribe than those who had private insurance, and those who had smoked in the past year. The experience rate was high. This is considered to be able to contribute to improving the medical service system and making policy decisions so that unmet medical care does not occur in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.79-92
• /
• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of NSAIDs and GPAs in the arthritis patients over 65 years old to prevent the GI adverse events. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly used agents to treat arthritis, can cause gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. Recent guidelines recommend that moderate risk patients who have one or two risk factors, should be prescribed either combination of non-selective NSAID (nsNSAIDs) and gastroprotective agent (GPAs) or selective NSAID alone. Methods : Study population was National Patient Sample of 2011. Number of drugs used were 138 for NSAIDs and 21 for GPAs. Chi-square test was used to compare prescribing patterns. Results : The appropriate prescription rate follows the guideline was 11.2%: co-prescription with nsNSAID and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or misoprostol was 1.6% and selective NSAID alone was 9.6%. Inappropriate prescription rates were as follows: co-prescription with nsNSAID and Histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) or antiacid was 53.8% and nsNSAID alone was 35.0%. The appropriate prescription rate among the types of medical institute was 54.4% in tertiary hospital, 31.2% in secondary hospital, and 6.0% in primary hospital. The appropriate prescription rate among the regions was 19.4%, highest in Seoul and 4.2%, lowest in Jeju. The appropriate prescription rate among the medical departments was as follow: 12.2% in orthopaedic surgery, 11.0% in internal medicine, and 7.7% in other departments. Conclusion : This finding suggests the needs to revise the national medical insurance imbursement policy, provide continuing medical education about the guideline of medical doctors.