• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.527-538
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to select the factors of 'Group scientific creativity' and to find out how 'Group scientific creativity' turns out in the creative problem-solving process of students. To select the factors that affect 'Group scientific creativity', this research extracted 27 influencing factors on the group creativity from the prior study and organized them according to opinions of education experts. To select factors that affect 'Group scientific creativity' in the creative problem-solving process of students, this research analyzed the group problem-solving process that has been done on 72 gifted students for two days. Main results of the study is as follows: First, nine elements such as scientific thinking, scientific knowledge, scientific information-processing capacity, motivation, challenge, age and gender, existence of diversity, creativity educational experience, and the group cohesiveness were selected as human factors. Four elements such as scientific communication skills, scientific inquiry process, autonomy, and leadership were selected as the combining factors. Also, three elements such as the learning environment, teacher types, and compensation were selected as the Environmental factors. Second, it was possible to find that the group scientific creativity influence factors affecting the creative process by analyzing the gifted students in creative-problem solving process. Based on these results, this study described additional points on the factors improving 'Group scientific-creativity.'

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2011

The material characteristics of Chos$\breve{o}$n whiteware were investigated by analyzing and comparing the body and glaze compositions of whiteware shards excavated at the Kwangju royal kilns, Ch'unghyodong, and four other local-level kilns. In Korea, the rise of whiteware technology began in the early years of the Chos$\breve{o}$n dynasty, when the indigenous tradition of Kory$\breve{o}$ celadon was strongly influenced by the whiteware aesthetics of the Chinese Ming dynasty. The Kwangju royal kilns eventually made hard-textured whiteware of a quality equivalent to that of the Chinese by using type of porcelain stone that contained slightly less $Fe_2O_3$ and $TiO_2$ and slightly more $K_2O$ than that used for celadon. In contrast, the potters of Ch'unghyodong achieved the same level of quality by finding and using a totally different material: kaolinitic clay. The porcelain stone used at the Kwangju kiln was commonly found in Korea and south China, whereas kaolinitic clay (which has a high aluminum content) was typically found in north China, and was only rarely used in Korea. The flux component of the glaze compositions was mostly limestone, first in burnt form and later in crushed form, and the clay component was often glaze stone, which was a finer-grained porcelain stone with a higher proportion of feldspar. In the future, this comparative analytical study of Korean whiteware components should be extended to the $18^{th}$- and $19^{th}$-century kilns that are currently being excavated at a rapid pace.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2012

In this study, the 89 components of the gases emitted from grave goods at Sim Seol(1570-1630) tomb identified and quantitatively analyzed using a thermal desorption system integrated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The concentration of major components show the levels of alpha-pinene 4,113ppbv, beta-pinene 2,510ppbv and limonene 2,424ppbv, that of the others orderly show p-menth-2-ene, acetone, isolongifolene and isoborneol. The functional groups of high concentration level cover 65% of terpenes and 25.8% of alcohols. The expected odor intensity orderly show 35.1% of terpenes, 33.4% of aldehydes and 8.8% of alcohols. Terpenes have generally effect of a perfume, antifungal and antimicrobial activity, and could come out of the pine(Pinus densiflora) coffin, aldehydes and alcohols could be come out of both the Sim Seol mirra and Pinus densiflora for a long time. The analyses of gases emitted from a excavated properties or a tomb are assessed that it can pc001 provide a scientific basis on a counterplan against harmful gases, a method of conservation treatments and a evaluation of effectiveness in conservation of cultural properties in a tomb.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.131-145
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• 2015

Cultural assets restoration is being considered highly as a practical way to extend the lifespan of damaged cultural assets and re-highlight their value. However, restoration process has been mostly dependent on the manual work involving the experience and skill of a person performing restoration, thereby requiring much time and effort. In recent, it became possible to apply a method allowing restoration to be performed more accurately and easily according to the material characteristics and shape of cultural assets. Namely, it is to use a method of printing out the 3D shape data computed in computer as real object by using 3D printer for the restoration that has been performed manually. The missing part of a cultural asset is computed into computer data first and is printed out by using 3D printer to undergo a simple shaping process. The result of 3D printer application showed that repetitive output and shape and figure revision of digital data were possible, and it was possible to improve the degree of completedness of restoration through test output using various types of restoration materials using various materials. For the purpose of verifying the possibility of applying 3D printer to restore missing part of earthenware, two pieces of modern reproductions, namely, the Seven Treasure Incense Burner and Earthenware with Wagon Wheel Decoration, were artificially damaged. The restoration result showed that compared to manual work, it showed better effectiveness in curtailing work time and reproducing accurate shape. On the other hand, secondary manual work was slightly needed for detailed binding and to vividly express surface texture.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.51-66
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• 2018

During the Joseon period, the East Sea would be called 'Gyeonghae' due to a large number of whales. In the Republic of Korea, whaling was locally permitted in 1946. However, the number drastically dropped because the hunting of the marine mammal had already been carried out in Russia, the U.S. and Japan since 1800s. Before a moratorium on commercial whaling was introduced by the International Whaling Commission(IWC) in 1986, whale populations in the East Sea had plunged. Furthermore, Korean gray whales and fin whales weren't found anymore in that area. With the suspension, whale hunting was banned in Korea as well. Even so, accidentally caught whales have been allowed to be distributed on the market with respect for local food culture. With the establishment of Whale Museum and hosting of the 57th Annual Meeting of the International Whaling Commission(IWC) at Jangsaengpo in 2005, whale tourism was facilitated in earnest. This whale tourism has been operated by Nam-gu Office and Nam-gu City Management Corporation in Ulsan. However, the popularity of whale tourism has increased a demand for whale meat. At the same time, there has been concern over decrease in whale populations because of illegal whaling. In addition, a conflict between the use and protection of whales has caused confusion in tourism identity. Actually, there is a serious doubt on the sustainability of whale tourism due to the decade-long deficit and excessive investments. This study attempts to define a concept of whale tourism and propose a future direction for the sustainable growth and development of Korea's whale tourism industry after developing such comprehensive assessment indicators as a basic research for the introduction of sustainable whale tourism. To achieve the aim of this study, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) was chosen as a main research tool and the factors were ranked by a comprehensive analysis of principal factors and detail factors. The current study showed the following results. First, ecological environment(0.430) was indicated the most important factor of whale tourism assessment indicators. Moreover, Population(0.1302), Action for Cetacean protection(0.1031), Governance(0.0898) were critical factors. On the other hand, Accommodations(0.0085), Whale meat(0.0088) were unimportant factors than others.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.127-151
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• 2014

This study aims to share a methodology for locality reproduction by concretely explaining the theoretical model, procedure, and practice of constructing the Port of Busan Image Digital Archive, based on the photographic and postcard images of the Port of Busan, the representative place of Busan. Among the open-source record management programs, Omeka was chosen in implementing the digital archive because of its suitability for image exhibition. After establishing the principles for archive implementation in accordance with the purpose of the archive, a basic investigation was conducted for the record collection. With the consent of the individuals and institutions that possess the related records on the Port of Busan, such as the National Archives of Korea, the Busan Museum, and the City of Busan, original image artifacts were thus collected. The collected artifacts were then described using the Dublin Core metadata and categorized by time period. The Port of Busan was classified through four distinctive spatial characteristics (transportation, historic, industrial, and living spaces). A total of 11 themes for the exhibition was then suggested. The Busan-Shimonoseki Ferry Boat was chosen as an example exhibition of transportation space.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.325-336
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• 2005

The life form, the origin and the time of introduction of those naturalized plants grown in Jeju-Do, korea were grasped by conducting the documentary survey, and the field survey thereof. The naturalized plants were total 199 taxa including 185 species, 12 varieties and 2 cultivar, which belong to 115 genera, 32 families. The classification of families, there were 43 taxa of Compositae ($21.6\%$), 32 taxa of Gramineae ($16.8\%$), 17 taxa of Legumlinosae ($8.5\%$), and 13 taxa of Cruciferae ($6.5\%$). As the life forms of the naturalized plants in Jeju Island were there 91 taxa of annual plants, 31 taxa of biennial plants, 16 taxa of annual or biennial plants, 57 taxa of perennial plants, and 4 taxa of trees. The distribution of the naturalized plants, the were 29 taxa thereof were located in Jeju Island, 20 taxa in Jeju Island as well as in the southern part of Korean Peninsula, 33 taxa in Jeju Island as well as in the central part of Korean Peninsula, and 117 taxa in the entire area of South Korea. As 89 taxa thereof were originated from America, 69 taxa from Europe, 2 taxa from Africa, 22 taxa from Asia, 1 taxa from Oceania, and 16 taxa from other provinces. As 38 taxa thereof had been introduced into Jeju Island before 1921, 23 taxa from 1922 to 1963, and 138 taxa since 1964.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2007

Korean children's clothes have unique aesthetic characteristics distinguished from other countries'. Our folk beliefs handed down from ancient times always contained fortune - seeking thoughts and particularly mothers' earnest wishes for the happiness of their children were sublimated into the symbolic beauty of their children's clothes. The present study examined children's clothes in the royal family and among the people for 50 years of the transitional period from the late Joseon Dynasty to modern times, by classifying them into ritual dress for new-born babies, festival dress and everyday dress. Male children's clothes included caps such as Bokgeon(복건), Hogeon(호건) and Gulle(굴레) topcoats such as Durumagi(두루마기), Sagyusam(사규삼) Koija(쾌자) and Jeonbok(전복) and others such as Magoja(마고자), Baeja(배자), Joggi(조끼) and Bajijeogori(바지저고리), Female children's clothes included caps and head ornaments such as Gulle, Jobawi(조바위) and Daenggi(댕기) and others such as Durumagi, Jegori and Chima(치마). What is interesting is that old clothes handed down to the present are mostly boys' and few of them are girls'. This is probably because of the strong preference for boys rather than girls that continued until the end of the 20th century. Ordinary people dressed their new - born babies with simple white clothes until Samchilil (the 21st day) or Baekil (the 100thday) but, for these occasions, the royal family prepared clothes as formal as those for the $1^{st}$ birthday among the public. Rainbow-striped garments were more popular among the public than in the royal family. As rainbow colors were known to Korean people to dispel evil power and bring in fortunes, rainbow - striped garments were essential for the $1^{st}$ birthday and festive days. However, they were seldom used in ordinarytimes, and most boys and girls wore plain jackets and plain topcoats. When children's clothes in noble families were compared with royal family's ones, either handed down to the present or found in old literature, no significant difference was observed in the basic composition of everyday dress. In particular, it was found that Andong Kim's family had dressed their children with very formal dress such as Dopo and Sagyusam. Among children's clothes, the most gorgeous one was that worn on the $1^{st}$ birthday, and those for other occasions or festive days were similar or simpler. Colors, patterns and designs used in decorating children's clothes mostly had the meanings of seeking fortunes for children such as long life, wealth and prosperity.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2012

The brine treatment applied during the fabrication of forged high tin bronze objects is considered effective at the removal of surface oxide layers developed at elevated temperatures. There is not much information, however, available for the understanding of its exact effect and purpose. This work performed laboratory experiments to characterize the effect brine treatments produce on the surface of bronze objects during fabrication. Specimens were first made in the bronze shop of the Yongin folk village under varying conditions of brine treatments, and the results obtained were then used in the following laboratory experiments where the effect of brine treatments were investigated in terms of brine concentrations, alloy compositions and thermo-mechanical treatments. The results show that oxide layers generated at high temperature are easily removed by the brine treatment. It was found that the element, chlorine, played a key role in the removal of such oxide layers as opposed to the other constituent of the brine, sodium, makes no notable contribution. In bronze alloys containing 22% tin, this brine effect is obtained regardless of the application of forging as long as the brine concentration is over 0.5% based on weight. In alloys containing lead, however, no brine effect is observed due to the molten lead that emerges from inside the hot bronze specimen and forms a thin layer on its surface.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.185-216
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• 2014

It has been two years since the national certificate of Arts & Culture Education Instructor(ACEI) was implemented the 2012 amendment to the Arts & Culture Education Act. Separate from the initial policy goals, students who attend the program to achieve ACEI certificate share various expectations, motivations and intents. The purpose of the research is to understand the collective identity of future ACEIs to evaluate the initial policy implementation during the period when the collective professional identity has not been fully formed yet. This research studies the data that were collected from 172 students who were attending one of the official ACEI institutes in Seoul area. As one of qualitative research methods, Questionnaire Method was employed to conduct this phenomenological study. James E Marcia's theory provides the theoretical framework for the data analysis of this study. The research results indicate that many students'identity status are between Identity Diffusion and Moratorium, which raises concerns for both arts and cultural fields as well as the policy success. Therefore, this research will relate these findings to the larger arts and culture infrastructure in order to better prepare them as arts and cultural professionals and also to stress the importance of the job market development and social environment that can accept them.