• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.329-338
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• 2017

This study aims to identify factors to affect cancer screening utilization and differences in cancer screening by household income. This research selected 3,393 adults aged ${\geq}40years$ among surveyees from the 6th(2014) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We analyzed state of cancer screening utilization according to general characteristics, life style, health status, income level using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with cancer screening utilization. In result, cancer screening rate was significantly different according to household income. And the significant factors associated with cancer screening utilization were sex, age, marital status, education level, economic activity, private insurance, smoking, presence or absence of high physical activity, number of chronic diseases, and household income. This indicates that the effective cancer screening program on the low household income, chronic disease patients is needed, suitable for digital age. We believe that these results will be used positively for the equity of cancer screening utilization, providing the basic materials for the further research on the establishment of the health-related policy.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.50
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• pp.61-85
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• 2002

Using the 2001 Family Income and Expenditure Survey micro-data, this study analyses the anti-poverty effectiveness of public and private income transfers. In this study, the anti-poverty effectiveness of income transfers is summarized in two ways; 1) the poverty reduction effect of the income transfers, and 2) the poverty reduction efficiency of the income transfers. The poverty reduction effects are measured with several poverty indices including the head-count ratio, poverty gap, and Sen index. Using Beckerman's model, this study also analyses the poverty reduction efficiency of income transfers. This analysis documents substantial differences in the anti-poverty effectiveness of public and private income transfers. Although the private income transfers contribute more to reduce the head-count poverty ratio and Sen index than public income transfers, their differences are significantly reduced after the enactment of National Basic Livelihood Security Act. The results also reveal that the anti-poverty effectiveness of public and private income transfers vary by the types of families. In families headed by elderly and working aged, private income transfers have more anti-poverty effectiveness. But, public income transfers contribute more to reduce poverty than private income transfers among families headed by single adults with children. The results of this study suggest that recent changes in anti-poverty policies in Korea have been strengthened the Government's responsibility. And more importantly, to effectively reduce poverty among the poor families, anti-poverty polices must be designed to consider different family types.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.31-39
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• 2015

This paper examines trends of the income inequality index and the income quintile share ratios, using the Household Survey released by Statistics Korea. We discuss their respective effects on total income inequality and the income disparity, as a contribution concept defined in this paper for 1990-2014 periods. Main findings are as follows. First, the contribution of 2-person families to total inequality with the current income or the disposable income becomes bigger, and growth rates have been above 10% since 2003. Second, the contribution of 1-person families to income inequality is greater than that of 2-person families. Policy implication is such that the government had better investigate the 1 or 2 person families in-depth to set up the policy measures for weakening the income inequality.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.100-126
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to measure income differences in smoking prevalence at the district level and to investigate correlations among area deprivation, smoking prevalence, and income differences in smoking prevalence, stratified by urbanity. Methods: Data were pooled from the Community Health Survey data of South Korea between 2008 and 2014. The age-standardized prevalence of smoking and its interquintile income differences were calculated. We conducted correlation analyses to investigate the association of the deprivation index with smoking prevalence and interquintile differences in smoking prevalence. Results: Across 245 districts, the median prevalence of smoking in men was 45.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43.4 to 48.5%), with an interquartile range (IQR) of 4.6% points. In women, the median prevalence was 3.0% (95% CI, 2.4 to 3.6%) and IQR was 1.6% points. The median interquintile difference in smoking prevalence was 7.4% points (95% CI, 1.6 to 13.2% points) in men and 2.7% points (95% CI, 0.5 to 4.9% points) in women. The correlation coefficients for the association between the deprivation index and smoking prevalence was 0.58, 0.15, -0.22 in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas, respectively, among men, and 0.54, -0.33, -0.43 among women. No meaningful correlation was found between area deprivation and interquintile difference in smoking prevalence. The correlation between smoking prevalence and interquintile difference in smoking prevalence was more evident in women than in men. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of geographical variations in smoking prevalence and interquintile difference in smoking prevalence. Neither smoking prevalence nor the deprivation index was closely correlated with interquintile income difference in smoking prevalence. Measuring inequalities in smoking prevalence is crucial to developing policies aimed at reducing inequalities in smoking.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2023

As a result of this study, the income generation effect of local universities on the local economy through the Daranee (1976) model was found to be 110.9 billion won (direct and indirect income 78 billion won, induced income 32.9 billion won). In the case of Korea, it has been verified through a number of previous studies that local universities play a role in preventing the outflow of local talent to the metropolitan area. Considering this, it seems that the government should make bold investments to foster local universities in terms of balanced national development. This is because the movement of local talents to the metropolitan area not only undermines the growth potential of the provinces and undermines the basis for regional existence, but also creates a vicious cycle that hinders balanced national development. To break this vicious cycle, the development of local universities is very important. It is judged that the horizon of balanced national development will be opened when local universities revitalize the local economy through the government's bold investment in local universities and are reborn as entities that provide various services based on the facilities and equipment of local universities.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.291-301
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to investigate several household characteristics related to panel attrition, examining how they may have conditioned the panel data in the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS). Design/methodology/approach - We studied the cause of the differences in household income between the original panel and the new panel in KOWEPS. Findings - To summarize our findings, whereas it is highly likely that a low-income household or a household without health insurance will remain in the panel, it is highly likely that a high-income household or a household of more than three members will be taken off the panel. Research implications or Originality - The proportion of low-income household tends to decrease over the years, which appears to result from an overall increase in household income. Such changes are reflected in the pattern in which older panels have higher estimates of household income than newer panels.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.599-611
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of increased debt on the incidence of domestic violence over the two-year interval 2014-2016. To investigate Korean low-income households with economic hardships, we analyzed the 9th and the 11th waves of the Korea Welfare Panel Study, which is jointly sponsored by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and the Institute of Social welfare, Seoul National University. The study analysis was based on data from 2,786 households with less than 60% of median income. The main study findings are as follows. First, increases in economic hardships incur domestic violence for low-income households, while increases in low-interest debt decrease the incidence of the domestic violence when controlling for economic hardships. All other things being equal, economic hardship works as a stressor and low-interest debt works as an alleviator influencing domestic violence. Second, when low-income households are experiencing economic hardships, low-interest debt fails to work as an alleviator. Under this circumstance, high-interest debt actually acts as a stressor influencing domestic violence. Thus, we can speculate that use of debt under economic hardships will occur domestic violence for low-income households. This study differs from previous studies in that it examines the effect of increase in debt on the incidence of the domestic violence across different types of debt: low interest, high interest, and credit card. We can conclude that debt can function as a stressor or an alleviator for low-income households, depending on the interest rate and the households' financial situation.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2019

Objectives : The aim of this study was to explore the general characteristics and health risk factors of the low income single person household in elderly Korean population for target selection of Korean medicine public health promotion program. Methods : We collect the 826 low income over 65 years old participants data from 7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The demographic, life habit, health status, medical history were used to compare the difference between single and multiple low income senior households. Results : All variables except drinking and smoking were statistically significant between single and multiple low income senior households. The health risk factors in single low income senior households were gender, overweight, Medicaid, annual drinking habit, diagnosis of diabetes. Conclusions : Through this study, we found out that the overweight, monthly drinking habit, diagnosis of diabetes were health risk factors in low income senior single households.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.847-859
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between household income and depressive symptoms and the interactive effect of niacin intake and household income on depressive symptoms among older Korean adults. The sample was drawn from the seventh wave of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2016. Two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to test an interaction between Niacin intake and household income on depressive symptoms. A significant interaction effect of niacin intake and household income was found in the highest income group, those with insufficient intake of niacin tended to have higher levels of depressive symptoms than those with sufficient intake of niacin. Findings suggest that the relationship between niacin intake and depressive symptoms differs by household income levels among Korean older adults. Future intervention strategies for increasing niacin intake are discussed in sociocultural context as a way to reduce depressive symptoms among older adults.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.310-323
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• 2023

Urbanization and income distribution issues are global interest, and the results of studies on the impact of urbanization on income inequality are different for each country and period. This study analyzes the impact of urbanization on income inequality using regional data from 2000-2021. In particular, serial correlation, spatial dependence, and common factor effects of the Gini coefficient are confirmed and analyzed through a dynamic spatial panel regression model. As a result, urbanization has a positive effect on reducing income inequality. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously promote regional urbanization to improve the income distribution problem. Areas with already high urbanization rates should reduce income inequality by narrowing the wage gap by expanding training opportunities for low-skilled workers, and need to come up with measures to prevent counter-urbanization.