• Composites Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.47-52
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• 2004

This paper established the procedure to fabricate the MWNT/PMMA nanocomposite by using together with injection molding and film casting processes. The fabrication process made it possible for MWNTs to be well dispersed in the PMMA matrix and also it could maintain the well-dispersed state effectively. And the mechanical material properties and SEM images of the fractural surface were observed. Moreover, a surfactant was used to disperse MWNTs more effectively and mechanical material properties were also investigated.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2004

A highly flexible polyimide (PI) was synthesized successfully from ethylene glycol bis(anhydrotrimellitate) (TMEG) and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (TPER) for its application in electronics. To enhance the thermal stability and mechanical properties of this novel PI, we prepared PI nanocomposite films using nanoparticles of clays that had been treated with organic intercalating agents (organoclays). We used two types of organoclays: montmo-rillonite (MMT) treated with hexadecylamine (C$\_$16/) and MMT treated with dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium (l5A). PI/organoclay hybrid films were obtained by first preparing poly(amic acid) (PAA)/organoclay films and then converting the PAA to polyimide by thermal conversion. PAA was characterized by FT-IR and $^1$H-NMR spectroscopy and the conversion of PAA to PI was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. We analyzed the dispersion of the organoclays in the PI film by X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the hybrid films were also investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.297.2-297.2
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• 2016

Photoacoustic generation of ultrasound is an effective approach for development of high-frequency and high-amplitude ultrasound transmitters. This requires an efficient energy converter from optical input to acoustic output. For such photoacoustic conversion, various light-absorbing materials have been used such as metallic coating, dye-doped polymer composite, and nanostructure composite. These transmitters absorb laser pulses with 5-10 ns widths for generation of tens-of-MHz frequency ultrasound. The short optical pulse leads to rapid heating of the irradiated region and therefore fast thermal expansion before significant heat diffusion occurs to the surrounding. In this purpose, nanocomposite thin films containing gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), or carbon nanofibers have been recently proposed for high optical absorption, efficient thermoacosutic transfer, and mechanical robustness. These properties are necessary to produce a high-amplitude ultrasonic output under a low-energy optical input. Here, we investigate carbon nanotube (CNT)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite transmitters and their nanostructure-originated characteristics enabling extraordinary energy conversion. We explain a thermoelastic energy conversion mechanism within the nanocomposite and examine nanostructures by using a scanning electron microscopy. Then, we measure laser-induced damage threshold of the transmitters against pulsed laser ablation. Particularly, laser-induced damage threshold has been largely overlooked so far in the development of photoacoustic transmitters. Higher damage threshold means that transmitters can withstand optical irradiation with higher laser energy and produce higher pressure output proportional to such optical input. We discuss an optimal design of CNT-PDMS composite transmitter for high-amplitude pressure generation (e.g. focused ultrasound transmitter) useful for therapeutic applications. It is fabricated using a focal structure (spherically concave substrate) that is coated with a CNT-PDMS composite layer. We also introduce some application examples of the high-amplitude focused transmitter based on the CNT-PDMS composite film.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.545-549
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• 2006

Blends of poly(acrylic acid- co-maleic acid) (PAM) with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were pre -pared in distilled water PVA/PAM/saponite (PVA/PAM/SPT) nanocomposite films were prepared with various clay contents by using the solution intercalation method. The variations of the dispersion, morphology, and thermo-mechanical properties of the nanocomposites with clay content in the range 0 to 9 wt% were examined. Up to 3 wt% clay loading, the clay particles were homogeneously dispersed in the PVA/PAM blends. However, some agglomerated structures form in the polymer matrix above a clay content of 7 wt%. The thermal stability of the hybrids was increased linearly with increasing the clay loading up to 9 wt%. The maximum strength and modulus were obtained at a clay content of 7 wt%. Thus, the addition of small amounts of clay to the PVA/PAM blends produced PVA/PAM nano-composites with improved the thermo-mechanical properties.

• Composites Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.70-75
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• 2012

Interfacial durability and electrical properties of CNT, ITO or xGnP coated PVDF nanocomposites were investigated for acoustic actuator applications. The xGnP coated PVDF nanocomposite exhibited better electrical conductivity than CNT and ITO case due to the unique electrical property of xGnP, and this nanocomposite also showed good sound characteristics. Interfacial adhesion durability between either neat CNT or plasma treated CNT and plasma treated PVDF were measured by static contact angle, surface energy, work of adhesion, and spreading coefficient tests. The optimum acoustic actuation performance of xGnP coated PVDF nanocomposite was measured using sound level meter with changing radius of curvature and coating conditions. As compared to CNT and ITO, the xGnP was known as more appropriate acoustic actuator due to the characteristic electrical property. It is the most appropriate condition when the radius of curvature is 15 degree. Although sound characteristics were different with various coating thicknesses, it is possible to manufacture transparent actuator with good sound quality.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.777-782
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• 2008

Using ultrasonic-induced polymerization of pyrrole, mesoporous $TiO_2$ thin film with polypyrrole nanoparticles was prepared. Polypyrrole nanoparticles were ultrasonically synthesized in the mother solution of mesoporous $TiO_2$ before spin-coating. The polypyrrole particles were well dispersed in the solution. After spin-coating and calcinations process, the nanocomposite films have well-organized pore channels without pore-collapse, and polypyrrole nanoparticles are well dispersed in mesoporous $TiO_2$ matrix. The pore size and light absorbance of the mesoporous nanocomposite thin films were controlled by using different template materials, and by using different amount of pyrrole monomer, respectively.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.94-99
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• 2022

Ternary phased graphene/silica/EVOH nanocomposite coating materials were prepared via sol-gel process and solution blending process. From both SEM observations and XRD analysis, the exfoliated structure and dispersion state of graphene nanosheets and silica particles in the nanocomposites as well as the intercalated and exfoliated structure of the prepared graphene oxide were confirmed. The incorporation of GrO and silica at appropriate content resulted in remarkable improvement in oxygen barrier property of the ternary phased nanocompoiste-coated BOPP films, compared with that of binary(silica/EVOH) phased nanocomposite coating films, however, at excess amount of GrO and silica, very slight variation was observed due to incomplete exfoliation, dispersion of graphene tactoids, and formation of micro cracks in the silica clusters. In addition, the transparency of nanocomposite-coated film was investigated by measuring the light transmittance as a function of GrO contents, suggesting the possibility for the application of food packaging films.

• Composites Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

This paper presents an experimental study on the piezoresistive behavior of nanocomposite strain sensors subjected to various loading modes and their capability to detect structural deformations and damages. The electrically conductive nanocomposites were fabricated in the form of a film using various types of thermoplastic polymers and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) at various loadings. In this study, the nanocomposite strain sensors were bonded to a substrate and subjected to tension, flexure, or compression. In tension and flexure, the resistivity change showed dependence on measurement direction, indicating that the sensors can be used for multi-directional strain sensing. In addition, the sensors exhibited a decreasing behavior in resistivity as the compressive load was applied, suggesting that they can be used for pressure sensing. This study demonstrates that the nanocomposite strain sensors can provide a pathway to affordable, effective, and versatile structural health monitoring.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2018

Cu-Salen complex was prepared and attached into chitosan (Cs) polymer backbone. Nanocomposite of the synthesized polymer was prepared with functionalized carbon nano-particles (Cs-Cu-sal/C) to modify the electrode surface. The surface morphology of (Cs-Cu-sal/C) nanocomposite film showed a homogeneous distribution of carbon nanoparticles within the polymeric matrix. The cyclic voltammogram of the modified electrode exhibited a redox behavior at -0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) in 0.1 M PB (pH 7) and showed an excellent hydrogen peroxide reduction activity. The Cs-Cu-sal/C electrode displays a linear response from $5{\times}10^{-6}$ to $5{\times}10^{-4}M$, with a correlation coefficient of 0.993 and detection limit of $0.9{\mu}M$ (at S/N = 3). The sensitivity of the electrode was found to be $0.356{\mu}A\;{\mu}M^{-1}\;cm^{-2}$.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-107
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• 2012

Epoxy resin is widely used in high voltage apparatus as insulation. Fillers are often added to epoxy resin to enhance its mechanical, thermal and chemical properties. The addition of fillers can deteriorate electrical performance. With the new development in nanotechnology, it has been widely anticipated that the combination of nanoparticles with traditional resin systems may create nanocomposite materials with enhanced electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. In the present paper we have carried out a comparative study on dielectric properties, space charge and dielectric breakdown behavior of epoxy resin/nanocomposites with nano-fillers of $SiO_2$ and $Al_2O_3$. The epoxy resin (LY556), commonly used in power apparatus was used to investigate the dielectric behavior of epoxy resin/nanocomposites with different filler concentrations. The epoxy resin/nanocomposite thin film samples were prepared and tests were carried out to measure their dielectric permittivity and tan delta value in a frequency range of 1 Hz - 1 MHz. The space charge behaviors were also observed by using the pulse electroacoustic (PEA) technique. In addition, traditional epoxy resin/microcomposites were also prepared and tested and the test results were compared with those obtained from epoxy resin/nanocomposites.