• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.795-804
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• 2007

Statement of problem. Nano-scale calcium-phosphate coating on the anodizing titanium surface using ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) has been recently introduced to improve the early osseointegration. However, not much is known about their surface characteristics that have influence on tissue-implant interaction. Purpose. This study was aimed to investigate microtopography, surface roughness, surface composition, and wettability of the titanium surface modified by the anodic oxidation and calcium phosphate coating using IBAD. Material and methods. Commercially pure titanium disks were used as substrates. The experiment was composed of four groups. Group MA surfaces represented machined surface. Group AN was anodized surface. Group CaP/AN was anodic oxidized and calcium phosphate coated surfaces. Group SLA surfaces were sandblasted and acid etched surfaces. The prepared titanium discs were examined as follows. The surface morphology of the discs was examined using SEM. The surface roughness was measured by a confocal laser scanning microscope. Phase components were analyzed using thin-film x-ray diffraction. Wettability analyses were performed by contact angle measurement with distilled water, formamide, bromonaphtalene and surface free energy calculation. Results. (1) The four groups showed specific microtopography respectively. Anodized and calcium phosphate coated specimens showed multiple micropores and tiny homogeneously distributed crystalline particles. (2) The order of surface roughness values were, from the lowest to the highest, machined group, anodized group, anodized and calcium phosphate deposited group, and sandblasted and acid etched group. (3) Anodized and calcium phosphate deposited group was found to have titanium and titanium anatase oxides and exhibited calcium phosphorous crystalline structures. (4) Surface wettability was increased in the order of calcium phosphate deposited group, machined group, anodized group, sandblasted and acid etched group. Conclusion. After ion beam-assisted deposition on anodized titanium, the microporous structure remained on the surface and many small calcium phosphorous crystals were formed on the porous surface. Nanoscale calcium phosphorous deposition induced roughness on the microporous surface but hydrophobicity was increased.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2017

Magnetic fluid, a new type of magnetic material, is a colloidal liquid constituted of nano-scale ferromagnetic particles suspended in carrier fluid. Magnetic fluid sealing is one of the most successful applications of magnetic fluid. As a new type of seal offering the advantages of no leakage, long life and high reliability, the magnetic fluid seal has been widely utilized under vacuum- and low-pressure-differential conditions. In practical applications, for improved pressure capacity, a multistage sealing structure is always used. However, in engineering applications, a uniform distribution of magnetic fluid under each tooth often cannot be achieved, which problem weakens the overall pressure capacity of the seals. In order to improve the pressure capacity of magnetic fluid seals and broaden their applications, the present study theoretically and experimentally analyzed the degree of non-uniform distribution of multistage magnetic fluid seals. A mathematical model reflecting the relationship between the pressure capacity and the distribution of magnetic fluid under a single tooth was constructed, and a formula showing the relationship between the volume of magnetic fluid and its contact width with the shaft was derived. Furthermore, the relationship of magnetic fluid volume to capacity was analyzed. Thereby, the causes of non-uniform distribution could be verified: injection of magnetic fluid; the assembly of magnetic fluid seals; the change of magnetic fluid silhouette under pressure loading; the magnetic fluid sealing mechanism of pressure transmission, and seal failure. In consideration of these causes, methods to improve the pressure capacity of magnetic fluid seals was devised (and is herein proposed).

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2012

One dimensional(1D) $Na_2Ti_6O_{13}$ nanorods with 70 nm in diameter was synthesized by a molten salt method. Using the synthesized nanorods, about 750 nm thick $Na_2Ti_6O_{13}$ film was coated on Fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO) glasss substrate by the Layer-by-layer self-assembly(LBL-SA) method in which a repetitive self-assembling of ions containing an opposite electric charge in an aqueous solution was utilized. Using the Kubelka-Munk function, the band gap energy of the 1D-$Na_2Ti_6O_{13}$ nanorods was nalyzed to be 3.5 eV. On the other hand, the band gap energy of the $Na_2Ti_6O_{13}$ film coated on FTO was found to be a reduced value of 2.9 eV, resulting from the nano-scale and high porosity of the film processed by LBL-SA method, which was favorable for the photo absorption capability. A significant improvement of photocurrent and onset voltage was observed with the $Na_2Ti_6O_{13}$ film incorporated into the conventional $Fe_2O_3$ photoelectrode: the photocurrent increased from 0.25 to 0.82 mA/$cm^2$, the onset voltage decreased from 0.95 to 0.78 V.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.881-883
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• 2005

게이트의 길이가 100nm 이하인 경우에는 절연막의 두께도 1.5nm 이하로 스케일링되며, 도핑농도도 증가하게 되기 때문에 소자의 문턱전압 변화, 게이트 절연막의 터널링에 의한 허용치 이상의 누설전류의 발생 등 여러 가지 문제점이 발생될 수 있다. SiO$_2$ 유전체는 1.5nm 두께 이하에서 터널링 전류가 1A/cm$^2$ 이상이 될 것으로 예상되므로, 게이트 절연막으로 사용될 수 없다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 터널링에 의한 누설전류의 영향을 줄이기 위하여 더블게이트 MOSFET(DGMOSFET)를 고안하였다. SiO$_2$ 유전체의 두께가 1nm이하에서도 이러한 누설전류의 영향을 줄일 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 나노 크기의 소자를 개발하기 위해서는 유전율이 매우 큰 게이트 절연체가 개발되어야 한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1926-1933
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• 2013

무선 센서 네트워크를 위한 다양한 위치 추적 알고리즘들이 제안되고 있다. IEEE 802.15.4a 기반의 위치인식 시스템은 두 노드간의 정밀한 거리측정 기능을 제공하며 이를 기반으로 정확도가 높은 위치 추정 서비스를 제공한다. 하지만 실내 환경에서는 다양한 장해물들로 인하여 Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) 경로가 발생한다. 이로 인하여 IEEE 802.15.4a 기반의 위치 인식 시스템에서는 위치 추정 시 추정된 위치 좌표의 정확도가 떨어지는 문제가 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 MST 토폴로지를 이용한 실내 환경에서의 위치측정에러를 보상하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. NanoPAN 5375 모트를 이용한 실내 환경에서의 실험 및 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안한 알고리즘은 기존에 제안된 위치 추정 알고리즘에 비하여 위치 정확도가 개선되었음을 확인하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.5756-5762
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 자연에서 영감을 얻은 생체 모방 공학 중의 하나인 연잎 효과에 초점을 맞추었다. 생체 모방 공학은 자연의 시스템을 관찰하여 동식물, 곤충 등의 구조와 기능을 모방하여 공학적으로 활용하는 것이다. 나노 기술의 발전은 생체 모방 공학의 발전도 함께 일으켜왔다. 본 과제에서는 연잎 표면의 소수성과 특징에 대해 살펴본 뒤 나노 측정 장비인 SEM (주사선전자 현미경)과 AFM (원자력간 현미경)을 이용하여 측정 후 비교, 분석하였다. 연잎의 표면에는 수많은 나노 돌기들이 존재하며, 그 작은 돌기들이 소수성을 갖게 하고 표면장력을 극대화 시키는 역할을 한다. 연잎의 표면에서는 물방울이 동그랗게 모여 있는 것을 볼 수 있는데 그것을 연잎 효과라고 하며, 나노 돌기로부터 생성된 효과이다. 이러한 연잎의 표면을 배율 별로 2D와 3D로 측정하여 분석하였다. 또한, 그 결과를 기존의 법칙들에 어떻게 적용되는지 살펴보았으며 나아가 소수성을 판별할 수 있는 새로운 방법에 대해 논의하여 보고자 하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.99-100
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• 2006

Silicon-on-insulator(SOI) MOSFET with SiGe/Si heterostructure channel is an attractive device due to its potent use for relaxing several limits of CMOS scaling, as well as because of high electron and hole mobility and low power dissipation operation and compatibility with Si CMOS standard processing. SOI technology is known as a possible solution for the problems of premature drain breakdown, hot carrier effects, and threshold voltage roll-off issues in sub-deca nano-scale devices. For the forthcoming generations, the combination of SiGe heterostructures and SOI can be the optimum structure, so that we have developed SOI n-MOSFETs with SiGe/Si heterostructure channel grown by reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition. The SOI n-MOSFETs with a SiGe/Si heterostructure are presented and their DC characteristics are discussed in terms of device structure and fabrication technology.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2020

Use of nanoparticles (NPs) in several commercial products has led to emergence of novel contaminants of air, soil and water bodies. The NPs may exhibit greater ecotoxicity due to nano-scale dependent properties over their bulk counterparts. The present investigation explores the effect of in vitro supplementation of TiO₂, silica and silver NPs on radial growth and ultrastructural changes in the hyphae and spores of two mushroom genera, Ganoderma lucidum and Volvariella volvaceae. A concentration dependent decrease in radial growth on NP amended potato dextrose agar medium was recorded. However, in comparison to control, there was decrease in radial diameter on supplementation with TiO₂ NPs while an increase was recorded for silica and silver NPs amendments as compared to their bulk salts at same concentrations after 48 h of incubation. Optical microscopy studies showed decrease in the number of spores while increase in spore diameter and thinning of hyphal diameter on NPs supplementation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of fungal growth showed presence of deflated and oblong spores in two fruiting strains of Ganoderma while Volvariella exhibited decreased sporulation. Further, hyphal thinning and branching was recorded in response to NP amendments in both the test mushrooms. Enhancement of protein content was observed on NP compared to bulk supplementation for all cultures, concentrations and hours of incubation except for TiO₂ NPs. Likewise, bulk and NP supplementations (at 100 mg L^-1) resulted in enhanced laccase activity with occurrence of laccase specific protein bands on SDS-PAGE analysis.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.98-98
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• 2010

Ion beam irradiation has been extensively used for surface modification of polymers, glassy metals and amorphous and crystalline materials at micron and submicron scales. The surface structures created by exposure to an ion beam range from dots, steps and one-dimensional straight wrinkles to highly complex hierarchical undulations and ripples. In general, the morphology of these nanoscale features can be selected by controlling the ion beam parameters (e.g. fluence and acceleration voltage), making ion beam irradiation a promising method for the surface engineering of materials. In the work, we presented that ion beam irradiation results in creation of a peculiar nanoscale dimple-like structure on the surface of polyimide - a common polymer in electronics, large scale structures, automobile industry, and biomedical applications. The role of broad Ar ion beam on the morphology of the structural features was investigated and insights into the mechanisms of formation of these nanoscale features were provided. Moreover, a systematic experimental study was performed to quantify the role of ion beam treatment time, and thus the morphology, on the coefficient of friction of polyimide surfaces covered by nanostructure using a tribo-experiment. Nano-indentation experiment were performed on the ion beam treated surfaces which shows that the hardness as well as the elastic modulus of the polyimide surface increased with increase of Ar ion beam treatment time. The increased of hardness of polyimide have been explained in terms of surface structure as well as morphology changes induced by Ar ion beam treatment.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 Pt/Ti 박막과 기판 사이 계면의 접합특성을 비파괴적으로 평가하는 acousto-optic 기법을 제안한다. 현재 상용화된 기술만으로 마이크로/나노 스케일의 박막을 평가하는데 많은 어려움이 있기 때문에 미세구조 변화에 민감한 광학기술과 음향기술이 결합된 간섭계를 적용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 사용한 기법은 마이켈슨 간섭계를 기반으로 하며, 거울에 의한 광 경로차 대신 박막시험편 계면의 진동 영향에 따라 발생하는 간섭현상을 분석하였다. 박막시험편은 특정 주파수에서 공진과 유사한 현상을 보이고 이로 인해 프린지 패턴의 콘트라스트가 낮아지므로, 각 주파수 대역별 프린지 패턴 변화를 스펙트럼 결과로 정량화하여 제안된 기법을 이용한 박막의 접합특성 평가 가능성을 확인하였다.