• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2007

A field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of application time and rate of biofertilizer alone and in combination with chemical NPK fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of rice. The biofertilizer used composted food waste as substrate and added with effective microorganism. The treatments included recommended NPK fertilizer(RF, $11-5.5-4.8kg\;10a^{-1}$), half recommended NPK fertilizer(HRF, $5.5-2.8-2.4kg\;10a^{-1}$), half recommended NPK fertilizer plus $250kg\;10a^{-1}$ biofertilizer(HRF+Bio 250) and $500kg\;10a^{-1}$ biofertilizer(HRF+Bio 500). The biofertilizer treatments were applied at 0, 5 and 10 days before transplanting(DBT). Grain yield of HRF+Bio 250 at 5 DBT($648.4kg\;10a^{-1}$) was statistically similar to the highest obtained in the RF($654.1kg\;10a^{-1}$). Tiller numbers at HRF plus biofertilizer treatments were already high during the maximum tillering stage, and were similar with that of the RF and higher than that of the HRF during heading stage. Likewise, ripening ratio at HRF plus biofertilizer treatments was similar with that of the RF and higher than that of the HRF. Furthermore, all the biofertilizer treatments improved protein content but reduced the amylose content and palatability compared to treatments with chemical NPK fertilizer alone. Thus, HRF+Bio 250 at 5 DBT can be used to save 50% chemical NPK fertilizer and at the same time obtain an improved rice grain yield and quality.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.17-20
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of various composts and NPK fertilization rates on the growth of yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia POEPP). Fertilization of used soil was low. Mean temperature of July was higher than that of normal year, but those of another months were same or the lower. The yield of the no-compost plot was higher by 74% than the no-fertilization plot. Increased NPK fertilization rates of bark compost and organic fertilizer plots increased the growth and yield of yacon. The yield of bark compost 1.5 times plot was highest by 6,905 ㎏/10a. The chemical contents of leaves in the various compost and NPK fertilization rates were not normal tendency, and also that of no-compost plot was not difference to the NPK fertilization rates plot.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.6
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2011

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of control-release fertilizer (CRF) on pollutant loadings from a small watershed. The Baran watershed, 386 ha in size, was selected as the study site, and the AGNPS (Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution) model was used to evaluate the effects of fertilizer types. Digital maps of digital elevation (DEM), slope distribution, channel, flow direction, landuse, soil, and curve number were extracted from the study watershed. Model parameters related to hydrology and water quality were calibrated and validated by comparing model predictions with the observed data collected for 2 years (1999 to 2000). Calibration and validation resulted in $R^2$ values of 0.75-0.91 for all the water quality parameters. All the paddy fields (21.2 %) of the study watershed were sprayed by either CRF or NPK (standard fertilizer). In CRF application, total nitrogen (TN) load was 4.9% less than NPK application, however total phosphorus (TP) load was 0.7 % more than NPK application. In CRF application, considering only paddy fields in the study area, TN load was 38.7 % less than NPK application. Using CRF in paddy fields could be one of the ways to reduce pollutant loadings from agricultural watersheds, however, in order to confirm it, more researches about effects of using CRF are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.261-265
• /
• 1995

Methane flux from a rice paddy in Korea was measured to study the effects of water management and rice straw application on methane emission under different water managements ; flooding and intermittent irrigation, and with or without rice straw application. Methane emission ranged from 0.066 to $0.455g\;CH_4m^{-2}d^{-1}$. Intermittent irrigation has shown a mitigation effect of methane emission, 70% in NPK plot and 47% in NPK plus rice straw plot, relative to that of flooding. Methane emission from Korean paddy was estimated as 399,590tons per year assuming that paddy fields were managed under intermittent irrigation and rice straw application. This estimation was lower than that of OECD's by 56%, Neue's by 51%, and Matthew's by 62%, while higher than that of Taylor's by 118%.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.683-688
• /
• 2015

Nowadays, sustainable and environment-friendly agriculture has become an important issue all around the world, and repeated applications of mineral and/or organic fertilizer will probably affect mineral nutrient dynamics in soil in the long term but only a limited number of observations are available. This study was carried out to investigate whether there is any influence of different fertilizer management for red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation on soil physicochemical properties, leaf mineral content, yield and fruit quality in the aspect of long-term practice in open field condition. NPK, NPK+compost, compost only, and unfertilized control plot were included in the treatments. The application of chemical fertilizer and/or compost repeated annually for 17 years from 1994 to 2011. Soil organic matter content was higher in compost treatments than in no-manure treatments. Available phosphate and the yield of red pepper were highest in NPK+compost treatment followed by NPK (chemical fertilizer), compost, and control. The results indicate that in the long term, nitrogen supply is still needed for increasing red pepper yield, but reduction in the use of chemical fertilizer could be also possible with the proper application of compost.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 1974

This study was conducted to determine the effects of soybean cultivation on yield and other characters in a newly reclaimed soil. Four factois - (1) plant density (2) compost application (3) innoculation of nodule bacteria (Rhizobium japonicum) combined with lime application (4) NPK application-were examined in a 24 factorial experiments arranged in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Kangio variety was used and the results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) Dense plant population, Application of Compost and application of fertilizer (NPK) gave the yields 1.7, 1.4 and 2.1 times the check respectively. The Combinations of, dense $population{\times}compost$, dense $compost{\times}fertilizer$ (NPK), $population{\times}compost{\times}fertilizer$ (NPK), and dense $population{\times}compost{\times}nodule$ bacteria with $lime{\times}fertilizer$ (NPK) increased the yields by 2.0, 3.0, 2.6 and 5.4 times than the check respectively. But little effect on yield was noted in the treatment inoculated with nodule bacteria with lime. (2) In the case of higher yield, the increased weight of 100 seeds was found. (3) A markedly increased PH was observed in all of the plots under study after the completion of experiment. (4) The compost treatment and the ferttilizer (NPK) treatment greatly increased the organic matter, total nitrogen and the available phosphorus in the soil. (5) The variation in the grain yield appeared to have a close correlation with the content of available $P_2O_5$ in the soil.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 1983

A study was conducted to evaluate the weed population as affected by repeated application of fertilizers for 15 years (nonfertilized, PK, NK, NPK, NPK+Compost, NPK+Straw and NPK+lime). Alopecurus aequalis authority did not grow at all without P application and lime reduced the population of A. aequalis. Total number of weeds were the largest at 5-10cm soil layer and increased by application of compost and straw. Monochoria vaginalis dominated in NPK+compost and NP plot. Scirpus hotarui dominated in NPK+straw. Both Eleocharis kuroguwai and Potamogeton distinctus dominated in nonfertilized plot. Numbers of M. vaginalis and S. hotarui were larger low pH 6 while that of E. kuroguwai and P. distinctus at pH 6 to pH 7. Incidence of M. vaginalis and S. hotorui was great at pH's lower than 6, while E. kuroguwai and P. distinctus favored pH's ranging from 6 to 7.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 2002

With increasing the concerns of health improving foods. the demands of C. boreale M., which is a perennial flower and has been historically used for a natural medicine, become higher, recently, However, wild C. boreale M. collected in a mountatinous area is limited and not enough to cover all demands. The cultivation system and fertilization strategy are required to produce much amount of C. boreale M. with a good quality. We investigated the effects of soil amendment application on plant growth and effective components of C. boreale M. to develop efficient cultivation system. C. boreale M. was cultivated in a pot scale, and lime, fly ash, poultry manure compost and swine manure compost as an amendment applied with rate of 2, 20, 150 and $150Mg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. Here, chemical fertilizers were applied with the same level ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O=150-80-80kg\;ha^{-1}$) in all treatments. Flower yields of C. boreale M., edible part as a natural medicine, were increased to 37 and 27% by swine and poultry manure compost application, respectively. Poultry manure compost amending (NPK+PMC) increased 3.6 times of proline content and 58% of total amino acids in the flower part more than chemical fertilization (NPK). But the contents of amino acids did not increase with amending liming materials like lime and fly ash. Cumambrin A, which is a sesquiterpene compound and has the effect of blood-pressure reduction, increased to 34 and 19% by lime and fly ash applications, respectively. Cumambrin A was significantly correlated with calcium content in the flower part of C. boreale M. Conclusively, soil amendments like compost and liming materials might contribute to increase the yields and quality of C. boreale M.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2020

The Project supporting organic fertilizer started in 1999 as a national policy. In farmhouse, over application of mixed organic compound fertilizer(OC) caused salt accumulation in plastic film house soil. To replace inorganic fertilizer with OC fertilizer, this study was investigated the effect of OC application on yield and soil chemical properties for lettuce cultivation in plastic film house. The OC fertilizer was applied at 50(OC50+N50), 100(OC100), and 150(OC150) % level of the basal amount of nitrogen fertilizer in soil testing recommendation. And these were compared to NPK(nitrogen, phosphat, and potash fertilizer) and PK treatment. The yield of lettuce in OC100 was similar to that of NPK treatment. In OC 50, 100 and 150 treatments, pH had a tendency to increase than that of NPK treatment. Nitrate nitrogen(NO₃-N) and electrical conductivity(EC) were similar to NPK treatment. These showed that nutrients from OC fertilizer were less likely to accumulate in soil than NPK. Also, use efficiency of nitrogen in OC100 treatment were similar to NPK treatment. These results suggest that OC application as the basal dressing at the 100% level could be best to prevent a nutrient accumulation of soil and to increase the yield and commercial quality for lettuce.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.100-108
• /
• 2000

High sodium contents in food-waste compost(FWC) is the greatest limitation to recycle it to arable lands in Korea. The effects of the FWC application to paddy soil on the growth of rice plants, cationic balance in plants, and the sodicity of soil have been studied in pot trials. The effects of FWC application were compared with those of NaCl compound and swine manure compost(SMC) application. $Na_2O$ contents of FWC were high as 2.2%. Immediately after transplanting, rice plants in three treatments showed severe wilting in the order of 40Mg FWC $ha^{-1}$ > NPK+900kg $NaClha^{-1}$ > 20Mg FWC $ha^{-1}$. The high EC value and volatile acid contents of soil solution were regarded as the cause of severe wilting of young rice plants. Increase of NaCl application rate upto $900kgha^{-1}$ showed no significant reduction of dry matter yield at harvesting stage. Regardless of application rates FWC reduced the dry matter yield at harvesting stage, while SMC increased it with increase of application rates upto $40Mgha^{-1}$. In NPK+NaCl and FWC treatments, Na contents and equivalent ratio in plants increased linearly with increase of Na application rates. Between Na and K equivalent ratio negative correlation with high significance was shown. In contrast to much difference of Na, K, and Na/K equivalent ratio among treatments, little difference of Na+K indicated the physiological substitution of Na for K in rice plants. Na use efficiency in NPK+NaCl and FWC treatments showed 12-22%.